必修4 Module 4 Great Scientists
知识点整理一
1.非谓语动词
动词不定式和现在分词都可作结果状语，但用法和意义不同。动词不定式往往表示出乎意料的结果，而现在分词作状语往往表示自然而然、顺理成章的结果。
①The killer insisted that she was defending herself when .
A.attacking B.attacked C.to attack D.having attacked
②Many people are taking part in various TV programs overnight success.
A.achieving B.to achieve C.being achieved D.having been achieved
③David got well-prepared for the university interview, for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity ________.
A.to lose B.losing C.to be lost D.being lost
④_____, they dived into a taxi and headed for the airport.
A.Goodbye was said B.Goodbye had been said
C.Goodbye said D.When goodbye said
⑤ ,the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.
A.Wanting the job very much B.Although wanting the job badly
C.Though he wanted the job very much D.He wanted the job badly
⑥About 40 houses fell down under the weight of the snow, with 22 people ______ .
A.reported injured B.reported injuring C.reporting injured D.reporting injuring
⑦______ with the theft[θeft]偷盗，he was forced to leave the company.
A.Concerned B.Being concerned C.Having concerned D.Concerning
⑧The passenger，sitting in his chair and completely______ in a magazine，looked as if nobody was around.
A.absorbing B.being absorbed C.absorbed D.to absorb
⑨Alex was listening attentively to the lecture given by Professor Smith, with all his attention _______it .
A.fixing on B.fixed on C.to fix on D.fix on
⑩You will see the products of Liu Ling alcohol ['ælkəhɒl] 酒精________on every avenue of Baoding city.
A.advertise B.advertising C.advertised D.having advertised
①B考查非谓语动词。句意：杀人犯强调着说当受到攻击时，她只是正当防卫。When后面完整的句子是when she was attacked按照状语从句的紧缩现象，省略与主句相同的主语she和be动词，所以选B项。
②B考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人为了获得一夜成名正积极参加不同的电视节目；只有动词不定式表示目的，其它选项不符合题意，所以选B项。
③D考查非谓语动词。句意：戴维为大学面试做了充分准备，因为他不能冒险失去这个好机会。risk后跟动名词形式，机会是被失去，故用被动语态，the good opportunity being lost是动名词的复合结构做宾语。故选D项。
④C考查独立主格结构。句意：说再见以后，他们进入出租车向机场驶去。句中用逗号隔开，后面是完整的句子，同时句中也没有连词，所以前面只能用独立主格形式，D中是从句但缺少谓语动词，故选C项。
⑤C考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管他非常想找到工作，但不得不在女人手下工作的想法让他放弃了。选项A 中非谓语动词作状语是其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语保持一致，而句子的主语为the idea of having to work under a woman, 故排除A . B 项; D项中需要连词连接两个简单句，故排除D 项。 故正确答案为C 。
⑥A考查with的复合结构的用法。本句中report作为with的补足语和people是被动关系，故用reported形式。injure作为report的补足语和people也是被动关系。故正确选项为A
⑦A考查非谓语动词。句意：牵涉到偷窃，他被迫离开公司。be concerned with与……有关；补全成原因状语从句为（Because he was）concerned with the theft, he was forced to leave the company.
⑧C考查非谓语动词。Be absorbed in sth.全神贯注于；沉浸于。句中非谓语动词充当后置定语，表示状态，与所修饰名词The passenger (was absorbed in a magazine) 为被动关系，故应选C项。
⑨B考查非谓语动词。句意：Alex正专心的听着斯密斯教授的演讲，他所有的注意力都集中于此。fix…on把……固定于……上，with 的复合结构中，宾语all his attention与宾补fix…on是逻辑上的动宾关系，故选B项。
⑩C考查非谓语动词。句意：你在保定的每条大街上都能看到刘伶醉酒的广告。此处刘伶醉酒被做广告，所以用过去分词。
(1)Look over there—there’s a very long,winding path___up to the house.
A.leading B.leads C.led D.to lead
(2)One of the best ways for people to keep fit is____healthy eating habits.
A.to grow B.to develop C.to increase D.to raise
(3)There are five pairs___,but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A.to be chosen B.to choose from C.to choose D.for choosing
(4)The ability___an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A.expressing B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed
(5)His first book___next month is based on a true story.
A.published B.to be published C.to publish D.being published
(6)—I wonder whom you are waiting for.—The policeman___the traffic accident.
A.dealt with B.to deal with C.will deal with D.to be dealt with
(7)There were many talented actors out there just waiting____.
A.to discover B.to be discovered C.discovered D.being discovered
(8)Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself more tired,___on your feet.
A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept
(9)____around the fire,the toursts danced with the local people.
A.Gather B.To gather C.Gathering D.To be gathering
(10)He worked day and night those days,only____the test.
A.to fail B.fail C.failed D.failing
(11)His mother____with cancer,the whole family was astonished.
A.to be diagnosed B.was diagnosed C.diagnosed D.diagnosing
(12)Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock夜以继日,_______supplies to Yushu,Qinghai Province after the earthquake.
A.sending B.to send C.having sent D.to have sent
(13)Dina,____for months to find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A.struggling B.struggled C.having struggled D.to struggle
(14)Last night,there were millions of people____(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
(15)Today there are more airplanes____(carry) more people than ever before in the skies.
(16)___(found) in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
(17)We are going to talk about the problem_____(discuss) at the last meeting.
(18)He had to repeat it to make himself___________(understand).
(19)The man______(diagnose)with cancer devoted all his time to helping the poor.
(20)More highways have been built in China,_________(make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
(1)A (2)B (3)B (4)C (5)B他的第一本书下个月就要出版了，这本书是根据一个真实故事写的。(6)B (7)B在外面有许多有才华的演员等着被发现 动词不定式短语作目的状语。(8)B 非谓语动词作条件状语。keeping on your feet=if you keep on your feet如果你一直站着。
(9)C (10)A (11)C相当于when his mother was diagnosed with cancer独立主格 (12)A许多救援人员在夜以继日地工作，向地震后的青海玉树送去生活用品。现在分词作伴随状语表伴随情况。(13)C 在经过数月努力找一份服务员的工作未果之后，Dina最终在当地一家广告社谋得了一个职位。现在分词作伴随状语(14)watching (15)carrying (16)Founded (17)discussed (18)understood (19)diagnosed be diagnosed with被诊断为 (20) making现在分词作结果状语
2.从句练习
(1)Many children,____parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.
A.their B.whose C.of them D.with whom
(2)I was born in New Orleans,Louisiana,a city____name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A.which B.of which C.that D.whose
(3)My friend showed me round the town,___was very kind of him.
A.which B.that C.where D.it
(4)The road conditions there turned out to be very good,___was more than we could expect.
A.it B.what C.which D.that
(5)All the neighbors admire this family,___the parents are treating their child like a friend.
A.why B.where C.which D.that
(6)The man pulled out a gold watch,___were made of small diamonds.
A.the hands of whom B.whom the hands of C.which the hands of D.the hands of which
(7)For many cities in the world,there is no room to spread out further,___New York is an example.
A.for which B.in which C.of which D.from which
(8)They will fly to Washington,___they plan to stay for two or three days.
A.where B.there C.that D.which
(9)Yesterday she sold her car,___she bought a month ago.
A.when B.where C.that D.which
(10)By nine o’clock,all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,___appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A.of which B.on which C.from which D.above which
(11)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors,____are beyond our control.
A.most of them B.most of which C.most of what D.most of that
(12)The air quality in the city,____is shown in the report,has improved over the past two months.
A.that B.it C.as D.what
(13)Later in this chapter [‘tʃæptə(r)] cases will be introduced to readers____consumer [kən’sju:mə(r)] complaints have resulted in changes in the law.
A.where B.when C.who D.which
(14)The poor young man is ready to accept___help he can get.
A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whenever
(15)Generally speaking,____according to the direction,the drug has no side effect.
A.when taking B.when taken C.when to be taken D.when to take
(16)When first___to the market,these products enjoyed great success.
A.introducing B.introduced C.introduce D.being introduced
(17)I’d like to go____to help people,____when they are in trouble.
A.straight;especially B.straight;specially C.straightly;specially D.straightly;especially
(18)His movie won several awards at the film festival,___was beyond his wildest dreams.
A.which B.that C.where D.it
(19)The Science Museum,___we visited during a recent trip to Britain,is one of London’s tourist attractions.
A.which B.what C.that D.where
(1)B (2)D (3)A考查非限制性定语从句(这儿的which指代前面整句话内容。)(4)C：“那里的路况出奇的好，比我们所预料的好的多。”分析从句的结构：which是主语，was是谓语。比较状语从句的结构：we是主语，could expect是谓语，其宾语被省略。通过分析从句的结构可以看出，句子中缺主语，所以选择关系代词which。(5)B (6)D (7)C本题的定语从句的先行词是many cities，which指代先行词在句中作为of的宾语。Of表示所属关系，of which放在an example的后面。句意：对于世界上的很多城市，没有空间继续发展了。纽约就是其中的一个例子。故C正确。 (8)A (9)D (10)D考查非限制性定语从句的介词＋which的用法，原句可还原成…a rare rainbow appeared above …。根据选项我们已经知道了考查的大方向，就是需要我们找到合适的介词搭配。。一道罕见的彩虹出现在Mount Qomolangma的上方。appeared a rare rainbow为倒装形式。(11)B (12)C (13)A句意：消费者投诉导致了法律的新变化,是读者还是案例为本定语从句的先行词,现在能判断出应该是case为先行词将cases放到从句中,consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law 主语、谓语、宾语都不缺,缺的是状语,in the cases,在那些案例中,因此用where指代,选A (14)C (15)B (16)B 这些产品刚投放市场时就很成功（销售很好）(17)A straight既可以作形容词，也可以用作副词，没有straightly这一单词。(18)A他的电影在电影节上获得了好几个奖项,这些都超出了他最疯狂的梦想.which指代前面整句话的内容，在从句中作主语。
(19)A
3.时态练习
(1)I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he_____polite.
A.was just being B.will just be C.has just been D.would just be
(2)When Alice came to,she did not know how long she____there.
A.had been lying B.has been lying C.was lying D.has lain
(3)If you don’t like the drink you____,just leave it and try a different one.
A.ordered B.are ordering C.will order D.had ordered
(4)—Are you waiting to buy some books in the shop?
—Yes.I arrived here ten minutes ago,but the shop____.
A.hadn’t opened B.won’t open C.didn’t open D.hasn’t opened
(5)The two friends____on the Internet for three hours,and they would go on till the next morning.
A.had been chatting B.had chatted C.were chatting D.have been chatting
(6)A passenger plane with 96 people on board____during landing at Yichun Airport,Heilongjiang Province on Tuesday night.
A.crashed B.were crashing C.had crashed D.has crashed
(7)—Do you think we should accept that offer?
—Yes,we should,for we____such bad luck up till now,and time____out.
A.have had;is running B.had;is running C.have;has been run D.have had;has been run
(8)The doctor advised me to go on a diet because I____weight during the last two months.
A.put on B. have put on C.had put on D.would put on
(9)The news came as no surprise to me.I____for some time that the factory was going to shut down.
A.had known B.knew C.have known D.know
(10)On her next birthday,Ann_____married for twenty years.
A.is B.has been C.will be D.will have been
(11)—Have you moved into the new house?—Not yet.The rooms___(paint).
(12)After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading,only to be told that it______(decorate).
(1)A我不敢确定他是真的感兴趣还是只是出于礼貌。 (2)A (3)A (4)D hasn’t opened表示到现在为止尚未开门。根据前面问句中提到的“在等买书”可知，应选D。 (5)A由后一句they would go on till the next morning可知，前一句也应用过去时态。(6)A事件已经发生，而且句中有明确的时间状语on Tuesday night，因此应用一般过去时 (7)A (8)C (9)A 由came可以看出，时态用了一般过去时，再根据时间状语for some time可知，该动作发生在came之前 (10)D (11)are being painted (12)was being decorated
4.discover v发现
discovery n发现，发觉；被发现的事物
discoverer n发现者
(1)With the help of high technology,more and more new substances___________(discover) in the past years.
(2)There were many talented actors out there just waiting__________(discover)
(3)If Newton lived today,he would be surprised what___________(discover) in science and technology.
(4)The_________(discover) of America is generally referred to Columbus.
(1)have been discovered (2)to be discovered (3)has been discovered如果牛顿今天还活着的话，他会为科学技术的发现感到惊讶。what引导宾语从句。题干中的表明惊叹的是到现在为止的发现，因而用现在完成时的被动语态。 (4)discovery人们普遍认为美洲是哥伦布发现的。
5.leading adj最好的，最重要的，最成功的。
She was one of the leading writers of her day.她是她那个时代最重要的作家之一。
Confidence plays a leading role in study.信心在学习中起着主要的作用。
leading article（报纸的）社论（是报纸编辑部就重大问题发表的评论）
leading woman/man演主角的演员
play a leading role/part in在某事中起主要作用
lead to通往，导致
lead a…life过……的生活
leader n领导，领袖
under the leadership of sb在某人的领导下
under the direction of sb在某人的指导下
with the help/aid of sb在某人的帮助下
take the lead领先
lose the lead失去领先地位
Heart disease led to his father’s sudden death.
We are sure to take the lead in the world in the future again.我们将来一定会再次在世界中领先。
(1)We firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only l_________to violence.
(2)Look over there——there’s a very long,winding path__________(lead) up to the house.
(3)The news shocked the public,__________(lead)to great concern about students’ safety at school.
(4)They chose Tom to be_______captain of the team because they knew he was____ _____smart leader.（冠词填空）
(1)leads (2)leading (3)leading 结果状语 (4)the;a
6.figure n & v
(1)n 数字；人物；雕像；人影；画像；身材；（数学）图形
She stared at the figures on the page.她盯着这一页上的数字看。
She was a leading figure in British politics in the 1980s.她是20世纪80年代英国政坛的显要人物。
There is a stone figure of a man there.那儿有一个男子的石像。
Now in her fifties,she still has a good figure.她现在50多岁了，仍保持着美好的身材。
(2)认为；估计；揣测
I figured that Joe would have received my letter by now.
keep one’s figure保持身材
figure out理解，弄清楚，计算出
figure up计算，把……加起来
Please help me figure out my income tax.请帮我算一下所得税。
(1)Last night he saw two dark____enter the building,and then there was the explosion(爆炸声).
A.features B.characters C.figures D.images
(2)I can’t what has happened to the vegetables,for they were freshly picked this morning.
A.look out B.take out C.work out D.figure out
(3)They have___carefully the time and money needed to complete the project.
A.picked out B.left out C.figured out D.taken out
(4)This novel is so badly written that I can hardly___what the writer is trying to say.
A.fill out B.find out C.think out D.figure out
(5)The present situation is very complex,so I think it will take me some time to___its reality.
A.make up B.figure out C.look through D.put off
(6)He____who the murderer was before the end of the book.
A.figured on B.figured in C.figured out D.figured up
(7)—That’s me when I got married.See what I look like now!
—Why not take up exercise to improve your_____?
A.appearance B.form C.shadow D.figure
(8)She does exercise every morning to keep her____.
A.body B.figure C.healthy D.joyful
(9)He has always kept an ideal___due to constant and regular physical exercise.
A.body B.figure C.appearance D.form
(10)—Have you_______(算出) how much the trip will cost?
—I’m working on it;just have a little patience.
(11)I can’t figure out___it is that makes him so difficult at school.
(1)C 昨天晚上他看见两个黑影进了那座大楼，然后就传来了爆炸声。 (2)D我弄不明白那些菜怎么了，因为它们是今早才新摘的。(3)C 他们仔细弄清楚了完成这一计划所需要的时间和金钱。 (4)D努力弄清（某句话或某人的）意思 (5)B目前的情况很复杂，因此我认为要花费我一段时间来弄清楚它的真实性。(6)C他没读完这本书就已知道谁是凶手了。figure弄明白 (7)D (8)B (9)B (10)figured out (11)what强调句
7.英语中，有很多表示数量的单词和短语，其用法归纳如下：
(1)只能修饰可数名词的有：
a good /great many
a large/ great/good number of= large/ great/good numbers of
a good few/quite a few
many a/an+单数可数名词（作主语时，谓语动词用单数）
还有many,scores [skɔ:(r) ]of,dozens[ ‘dʌzn ]of,few ,a few.
注意“many a+单数可数名词”的用法：形式上为单数，但意义上为复数（意为“许
多”），若用作主语，其谓语通常与形式一致而不与意义一致（即谓语用单数）。如：
Many a young man has tried and failed. 很多年轻人都试过，而且失败了。
In winter,a great many animals sleep under the snow.
A great many of the flowers are white.
(2)只能修饰不可数名词的有：
a good/great deal of,
a large/great amount[ ə'maʊnt ]of/large/great amounts of
quite a little
a large sum [sʌm] of.
还有much,little
注意： a large amount of +不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；large amounts of+ 不可数名词，谓语动词用复数。He seems to have a good deal of trouble.
A large amount of damage has been done by the earth quake．
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge
(3)修饰可数名词与不可数名词皆可的有：
a lot of=lots of,
plenty of
a mass of=masses of注意：谓语动词的单复数取决于mass
a large/great quantity[ ‘kwɒntəti] 数量of=large/great quantities of.
注意a large quantity of+名词做主语时，谓语用单数，large quantities of+名词作主语时，谓语用复数。
Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table. 桌子上有许多食品(坚果)。
Great quantities of sand were washed down hillside by the rain.雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。
A large quantity of beer was sold out. 大量的啤酒被售出。
Large quantities of blouses were on sale. 大量罩衫有售。
There was a mass of people around the club entrance.俱乐部门口集着一大群人。
Masses of books were sent to the Hope Project.大量的书籍被送往了希望工程。
a good/great many of them他们中的很多人
the books那些书中的很多书
the people那些人中的很多人
my students我的学生中的很多人
in plenty充足
in quantity大量地
We had food and drink in plenty.我们的食物和饮料十分充足。
(1)_____the farmers were pleased with the good harvest of this year.
A.A great deal of B.A great many C.A great many of D.A large amount of
(2)We always keep____spare预备的，备用的paper,in case we run out.
A.too much B.a number of C.plenty of D.a good many
(3)Because of____mail we receive,we may not be able to reply to your letter.Please remember to include your full name with your letter.
A.a great many of B.a large number of C.the large amount of D.a great plenty of
(4)The number of people present at the concert was_____than expected.There were many tickets left.
A.much smaller B.much more C.much larger D.many more
(5)The number of registered注册，登记 participants参与者in this year’s marathon 'mærəθən马拉松赛跑 was half_____.
A.that of last year’s B.those of last year’s C.those of last year D.of last year’s
(6) "With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year．
A. is washing away B.is being washed away C.are washing away D.are being washed away" (7)Now that the forest was destroyed by a big fire,a large_____ of trees____to be planted on the
mountain.
A.number;has B.quantity;has C.amount;have D.sum;have
(8)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities____rising steadily since 1990.
A.is B.are C.has been D.have been
(9)___planes had to be put off because of the heavy fog all those days.
A.A great many of B.A large amount of C.A great deal of D.Numbers of
(10)Nowadays,a large number of women,especially those from the countryside,____in the clothing industry.
A.is working B.works C.work D.worked
(11)As you can see,the number of cars on roads____rising these days.
A.was keeping B.keep C.keeps D.were keeping
(12)____are playing on the playground.But I don’t know what the number is.
A.The number of students B.A number of students
C.A number of the students D.A many number of students
(13)The restaurant must be crowded from____of cars parked in front of it;let’s go somewhere else.
A.a number B.the number C.the amount D.the members
(14)There are plenty of rain in your area in spring.（改错）
(15)We always keep a plenty of spare paper,in case we run out.（改错）
(16)There____(be) a small number of people involved,possibly as few as twenty.
(17)It is reported that many a new house_____(build) at present in the disaster area.
(1)C (2)C 我们总是留足备用纸张，以防用完 (3)C由于我们接收的邮件数量过大，我们可能不能够给你回信。请记住要随信写上你的全名。 (4)A (5)A (6)D (7)B(8)C (9)D (10)C (11)C (12)B(13)B从饭店前所停汽车的数量来看，里面一定很挤，我们还是换个地方吧。(14)are改成is (15)去掉a (16)are (17)is being built
8.bring up教育，培养，提出(议题等)，呕吐出
Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
Why don’t you bring this up at the meeting?
You should bring up more topics to discuss.你应该多提些话题（供大家）讨论。
He was so ill that he brought up everything.
学法点拔：bring up养育，相当于raise
It’s difficult to raise a family on a small income.依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。
bring about导致，引起
bring down使倒下，降低，减少
bring forward提前，提出，提议
bring in引来、引进、吸收、挣钱
bring on引起（感冒）；端上（饭菜）。如：
Tom often brings on meals and his brother，Jim picks up the dishes after meals． 汤姆常常上饭菜，（而）他弟弟吉姆饭后收拾碗碟。
The sudden cold weather brought on his cold again．天气突然变冷，使他再次感冒。
bring out出版，使显现，拿出，说出（阐明）
He brought out his gun and pointed at me．他掏出枪来指着我。
Bring out the meaning more clearly．请把意思讲清楚些。
They have brought out a set of children’s books．他们出版了一套儿童读物。
bring through使（病人）脱险，使安全度过
bring along捎来，带来
bring back恢复，使想起，归还 bring …back to life使复活，给……以活力
辨析：bring up和grow up
bring up“抚养”，及物动词短语。He was brought up by his grandmother.
grow up“成长，生长”，不及物动词短语。I want to be a doctor when I grow up.
(1)His idea of having weekly family meals together,which seemed difficult at first,has____many good changes in their lives.
A.got through B.resulted from C.turned into D.brought about
(2)Nearly all educators believe that a challenging situation can often_____the best qualities of a person.
A.bring up B.bring about C.bring forward D.bring out
(3)I met an old friend of mine on the beach in our hometown of Far Rockaway,where we ____together.
A.brought up B.took up C.grew up D.picked up
(4)In my day,children were____to respect the law.
A.picked up B.brought up C.put up D.taken up
(5)My cousin came to see me from the country,_____me a full basket of fresh fruits.
A.brought B.bringing C.to bring D.had brought
(6) [一试身手]
1) Her singing brings_______ memories of my mother．
2) They also brought_______some words from their own languages．
3) The wind brought______ a number of trees．
4) He brought______ all he had eaten．
5) Can you try to get them to bring______the price﹖
6) All library books must be brought______ before June 25． 7
7) Mr White is bringing_____＄500 a week．
8) You must manage to bring______ the temperature．
9) The school has brought _________ new foreign teachers to teach oral English. 10) Do you know what brought ___________ this misunderstanding? 11) The kind old man agreed to bring __________ the young orphan[ ‘ɔ:fn]孤儿.
12) Next month they will bring ________ a new edition [ɪ’dɪʃn]版本 of the book.
(7)After the war,the people all over the country were working hard to____their country to life.
A.bring up B.bring back C.bring out D.bring away
(8)The film____the hours____when I was taken good care of in that far away village.
A.brought;out B.brought;away C.draw;back D.brought;back
(9)Anyway he was dead,and I couldn’t bring him____life.
A.down to B.up to C.back to D.out of
(10)I was _____in a culture that said you must put back what you have taken out into society.
A.brought back B.brought up C.brought down D.brought in
(11)This is the place where the writer was born and____.
A.brought out B.grown up C.raising D.brought up
(12)It was quite a job for her to_____several children all by herself during the war.
A.dress up B.bring up C.tie up D.add up
(13)If immigrants[‘ɪmɪgrənt] 移民are given the right to stay in Britain,some say it would____up to ￡1 billion in extra tax revenue ['revənju:]税收.
A.bring in B.bring about C.bring up D.bring out
(14)Born into a family with three brothers,David was____to value the sense of sharing.
A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back
(15)—Workers in this department are not doing their duties.
—Advanced ways of management must be____to make things better.
A.brought down B.brought in C.brought on D.brought up
(16)Once the poison ['pɔɪzn] is____,there is no further danger.
A.brought up B.brought in C.brought back D.brought about
(17)用bring短语的适当形式填空
a)Young children should be___________to be loyal [ˈlɔɪəl]忠诚的 and equal.
b)He stomachache______her failure in this exam.
c)The sale of the house__________$240,000 for him.
d)They have___________prices on all their books.
(18)Your suggestion____________(bring )up at the next meeting.
(1)D 他那每周进行家庭聚餐的想法起初似乎难以实施，但给他们的生活带来了很大的变化。 (2)D几乎所有的教育者都认为富有挑战性的情况常常能使一个人的最好品质显示出来。(3)C (4)B 在我小的时候，孩子们都被教育要遵守法律。(5)B (6) 1) back 2) in 3) down 4) up 5) down 6) back 7) in 8) down 9)in 10)about 11)up 12)out (7)B使恢复 (8)D (9)C无论如何他已经死了，我无法使他复活。(10)B我从小受的教育就是，从社会中得到的一定要再回报给社会。(11)D (12)B战争期间独自抚养几个孩子对一名女性来讲肯定是一件艰难之事。(13)A 赚钱 (14)A出生在一个有三个哥哥的家庭里，戴维被教导要重视分享意识。(15)B (16)A一旦毒物被呕吐出来，就不会再有危险了。(17)a)brought up b)brought about c)brought in d)brought down (18)will be brought
9.educate v教育；训练
She was educated in the US.
Parents should educate their children to behave well.父母应当教育子女守规矩。
education n教育
educated adj受过教育的；有教养的
educational adj教育的；有教育意义的
educator n教育家，教育工作者
educate sb to do sth教育某人去做某事
educate sb in sth在某方面教育某人
She tried to educate her son in music.
(1)Many girl students in the countryside have dropped out of school in that country,____the government is always taking measures to offer them the chances of____.
A.in spite of that;educated B.because of which;being educated
C.on account which;to educate D.in addition to that;be educated
(2)This great writer was e_______at a very good school.
(3)________(educate) in a top-level university is what many students wish for.
(4)He is really considering dovoting himself to___________(educate) these children of the poor mountain village.
(5)At that time black children_________(educate) in separate schools from white children.
(1)B (2)educated (3)Being educated 在一所顶级大学授受教育是许多学生的愿望。
(4)educating devote oneself to doing sth全身心投入做某事 (5)were educated
10.feed v喂养，饲养
feed…on…用……喂……
feed…to…把……喂给……
feed back反馈，反映
feed on以……为食
be fed up with厌烦，厌倦
They are feeding the sheep on the grass.他们正用草喂羊.She is feeding the baby on the milk.她正喂宝宝牛奶.
Cattle and sheep feed chiefly on grass.牛羊主要以草为食。
Test results will be fed back to the schools.测验的成绩将反馈给各学校。
I’m fed up with this weather.We haven’t seen the sun for over a week now.
(1)Butterflies feed_____a sweet liquid produced by flowers,which bees and other insects collect.
(2)She is reduced（reduce sb to doing sth迫使某人做某事） to stealing_________(feed) her hungry family.
(3)—Alice,you feed the bird today,_________you?—But I fed it yesterday.
(2)on 蝴蝶以花蜜为食，这些花蜜是由蜜蜂和其他昆虫采集的。(2)to feed 她沦落到要靠偷窃来养活饥饿的家人，动词不定式作目的状语 (3)will/won’t
11.the key to………的关键，其中是介词，其后要跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
The key to the problem is how we can find a suitable person.
Eventually,we find the key to settling the problem.
the key to the door门上的钥匙 the answer to the question问题的答案
notes to the text课文注释 the entrance to the building大厦的入口
the solution to the question/problem解决问题的方案
the access[ˈækses] to……的道路 an attitude to……的态度
an end to……的结束 an approach to……的方法/入口
(1)Eating better and eating less,could be the____not only to avoiding cancer but to living longer.
A.key B.foundation C.rule D.importance
(2)—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the costomers?
—The key_____the problem is to meet the demand___by the customers.
A.to solving;making B.to solving;made C.to solve;making D.to solve;made
(1)A吃好，吃少，可能不只是避免癌症的关键，而且还是长寿的关键。(2)B
12.动词不定式短语作表语，动词不定式符号to通常保留，但当主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式可以保留也可省略动词不定式符号to。
What I have to do is take a rest.
All we can do now is (to)save lives.我们现在能做的就是救人。
The only thing I could do was do it myself.我唯一能做的就是自己动手。
The only thing for you to do is (to)work harder than before.
13.breakthough n 突破，发现
Her music and performances always have breakthoughs and improvements.
她的音乐和表演总会有突破和进步。
breakthrough是由短语break through“突破”构成的合成名词
break out爆发→outbreak n爆发，发作
break down损坏→breakdown n故障
put out生产，输出→output n产量，输出
burst out迸发→outburst n喷出；突发
come out出现，结果是→outcome n结果，后果
(1)After numerous [‘nju:mərəs]大量的 experiments,some doctors have made a______in the treatment of cancer.
A.breakdown B.breakup C.breakthrough D.breakout
(2)What will happen to the child if Jim and Mary____?
A.break down B.break up C.break out D.break off
(3)There are days when we feel especially upset.When you are____such a difficult period,it often helps to talk to someone.
A.going through B.breaking through C.seeing through D.looking through
(4)You should be strong enough to break____all these difficulties.
(5)Scientists have made a great b_______in the treatment of the disease.
(6)News reports say peace talks between the two countries have ______ with no agreement reached.
A. broken down B. broken out C. broken in D. broken up
(7)—It’s said that scientists have made__________big breakthrough in the cancer treatment.
—If so,many people can have been brought back to______life!
(8)There was no one nearby who might see him trying_________(break)into the house.
(1)C 经过大量的实验，一些医生已在癌症治疗方面取得突破。 (2)B如果吉姆和玛丽分手，孩子将怎么办？表示“分手”用break up. (3)A我们总有些日子感觉特别心烦。当你正在经历这样的困难时期时，和别人说说话通常是有帮助的。go through经历，经受；see through看穿；look through浏览；break through突破 (4)through (5)breakthrough (6) A消息称,两国间的和平对话因双方没有达成一致意见而终止break down 打破,分解,但很多时候用在终止谈话,谈判失败.(7)a;/ (8)to break附近没有人可能会看见他试图闯入这座房子。
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