2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型突破专题二阅读理解第一讲细节理解题强化训练

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型突破专题二阅读理解第一讲细节理解题强化训练

A

(xx·浙江大学附中高考全真模拟)Surprisingly，no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals，still less the content or quality of that education.Proper records are just not kept.We know that more than 850，000 children go through hospital each year，and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital.We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1，000 children in hospital.

Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country.It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher.A further quarter have only a part­time teacher.The special children’s hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off.From this survey，one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher—and that contact may be as little as two hours a day.Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all.They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school.If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games.

Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied，and the latter is often all the teachers can do.The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”．Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work.Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school.Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching，and are told to catch up as best as they can.　

Many short­stay child­patients catch up quickly.But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.

【解题导语】　文章讲述了因病住院学生的教育问题，老师太少，无法保证学生的学习，作者对于这一现象很不满意。

1．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Every child in hospital receives some teaching.

B．Not enough is known about hospital teaching.

C．Hospital teaching is of poor quality.

D．The special children’s hospitals are worst off.

解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第一段中的no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals，still less the content or quality of that education可知人们对于医院教育知道的并不足够，故选B。

2．It can be inferred from the latest survey that________．

A．hospital teaching across the country is similar

B．each hospital has at least one part­time teacher

C．all hospitals surveyed offer education to children

D．only one­fourth of the hospitals have a full­time teacher

解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中的It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher.A further quarter have only a part­time teacher.可知一半的医院没有老师，另外的四分之一只有兼职老师，可以推断出另外的四分之一的医院有全职的老师，故选D。

3．Hospital teachers are found________．

A．not weled by the children and their parents

B．necessary

C．not weled by the hospitals

D．capable

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied，and the latter is often all the teachers can do.可知医院的老师做的工作是防止学生的功课落下，让学生维持学校的习惯，让学生忙碌，是很必要的，故选B。

4．In order to catch up with their school work，children in hospital usually turn to________．

A．hospital teachers　　　　 B．schoolmates

C．parents D．school teachers

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work.可知因病住院的学生们大多数是向他们的同学求助的，故选B。

B

(xx·浙江省高三第二次五校联考)Can you be too beautiful? It is hardly a problem that most of us have to bother—as much as we might like to dream that it were the case.

Yet the blessings and curses of beauty have been a long­standing interest in psychology.Do those blessed with shiny faces and an attractive body live in a cloud of appreciation—or does it sometimes pay to be ordinary?

bing through decades of findings，social psychologists Lisa Slattery Walker and Tonya Frevert at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte have reviewed all the evidence to date and their conclusions are not what you might expect.

At the most basic level，beauty might be thought to carry a kind of halo(光环) around it; we see that someone has one good quality，and by association，our deep mind may assume that they have other good ones too.

Even in the courts，a pleasing appearance can work its magic.Attractive criminals are likely to get less strict sentences，or to escape punishment entirely; attractive plaintiffs(原告)，meanwhile，are more likely to win their case and get bigger financial settlements.“It’s an effect seen everywhere，” says Walker.

But if beauty pays in most circumstances，there are still situations where it can have opposite results.While attractive men may be considered better leaders，for instance，hidden sexist prejudices(偏见) can work against attractive women，making them less likely to be hired for high­level jobs that require power.And as you might expect，good­looking people of both sexes run into envy—one study found that if you are interviewed by someone of the same sex，they may be less likely to employ you if they judge that you are more attractive than they are.

More worryingly，being beautiful or handsome could harm your medical care.We tend to link good looks to health，meaning that illnesses are often taken less seriously when they affect the good­looking.When treating people for pain，for instance，doctors tend to take less care over the more attractive people.

And the bubble of beauty can be a somewhat lonely place.One study in 1975，for instance，found that people tend to move further away from a beautiful woman on the pathway—perhaps as a mark of respect，but still making interaction more distant.“Attractiveness can convey more power over visible space—but that in turn can make others feel they can’t approach that person，” says Frevert.Interestingly，the online dating website OKCupid recently reported that people with the most beautiful pictures are less likely to find dates than those with less perfect pictures.

Ultimately，Frevert points out that focusing too much on your appearance can itself be harmful if it creates stress and anxiety—even for those already blessed with good looks.“If you are crazy about attractiveness，it may affect your experience and interactions，” she says.It’s an outdated saying，but no amount of beauty can make up for a bad personality.As the writer Dorothy Parker put it so elegantly：“Beauty_is_only_skin_deep，but_ugly_goes_clean_to_the_bone.”

【解题导语】　这是一篇议论文。文章主要告诉我们美丽的不利方面，美貌带给人们的许多不利因素。

5. From Paragraph 1，we can learn that ________．

A．some may be bothered by their unattractive appearance

B．most people are not afraid of being too beautiful

C．we might always dream about being bothered by others

D．being too beautiful can be a problem bothering everyone

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据题干关键词Paragraph 1，再根据选项B中的关键词afraid of being too beautiful与第一段中的第一、二句话Can you be too beautiful? It is hardly a problem that most of us have to bother中的problem，bother，too beautiful等相吻合，故选B。

6. Which is the benefit for beautiful people?

A．An attractive plaintiff has more chances to get away with punishment.

B．Women with pleasing appearance will always be considered as better leaders.

C．Good­looking people are often regarded as having many good qualities.

D．Beautiful criminals are more likely to persuade the judge and win the case.

解析：选C。细节理解题。根据题干关键词the benefit for beautiful people找到文章的对应段落是第四、五段，其中第四段中的At the most basic level，beauty might be thought to carry a kind of halo(光环) around it; we see that someone has one good quality的beauty和good quality相吻合，故选C。

7．The writer mentioned the underlined sentence in the last paragraph to ________．

A．persuade us to pay more attention to our looks from now on

B．suggest that beauty can help make a better personality

C．encourage us to focus more on improving our personality

D．ask ugly people to have more confidence in their personality

解析：选C。推理判断题。根据题干关键词the underlined sentence in the last paragraph找到文章最后一段的It’s an outdated saying，but no amount of beauty can make up for a bad personality.可推断是鼓励人们提高自己的个性品质。故选C。

8．What might be the best title for the passage?

A．Negative Sides of Beauty

B．Sexist Prejudice

C．Blessed with Beauty

D．Beauty vs Ugliness

解析：选A。标题归纳题。A.Negative Sides of Beauty美丽的不利方面； B．Sexist Prejudice性别偏见；C.Blessed with Beauty拥有美丽； D．Beauty vs Ugliness美丽和丑陋。通读全文，并根据文章的第二、三、四段等可推断文章主要介绍的是美丽的不利方面，故选A。

C

(xx·南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试)An old man in a faded yellow shirt sat in a windowless room on a raised concrete form.The only source of heat came from somewhere beneath the plastic mattress and the rough blanket the blank­faced police woman had handed him after taking his thumb prints.He heard voices and metallic clang as the cell door swung open.

At the front desk a tired looking policeman handed the old man back his belongings，his worn­out cap and the Seiko watch that had stopped working the day his beloved Evelyn left.The policeman dramatically held the blue plastic bag at an arm’s length to the old man who took it and made sure its contents were undamaged：the goat meat，palm oil，leaves and spices.He ignored the confused expression on the officer’s face and signed the document declaring he had been returned the possessions they had taken off him the night before.

No one spoke to him as he walked slowly towards the exit.

“Mr.Easy­nwa？” He stopped and prayed to the God who now took care of Evelyn to please take him far away from this unhappy place of expressionless faces，clipped accents and people who did not even attempt to pronounce his name right.

“Ezenwa，” He said and looked at a woman with tangerine lips，her name tag said Jessica Harlow，Social Services.“A bit far from home，”she said as she drove fast and with confidence the way Evelyn used to.He wondered if she meant the 50 miles from Liverpool or the 50，000 miles from Enugu，a city in Nigeria.He did not bother replying as this woman had plenty to say about the weather，bad drivers，her daughter’s school play...

At last she drew up outside the block of flats where he lived.

“Got here in the end”，said she seriously，“Really Mr.Easy­nwa，if you keep getting lost，we will have to consider moving you into a home.”

“No need，I was not lost，”he answered.He carefully rolled up the sleeves of the oversize bomber jacket he wore and turned on the tap to wash his hands，relieved the pipes were not frozen.In a clean pan he placed the chopped pieces of goat meat.The herbs and spices that had taken him three months to track down，the uziza seeds had taken him into the heart of Granby Market in Liverpool，his uchanwu leaves down a shady back alley in Manchester，and yesterday，among other food items，the finest goat meat from a Sierra Leonean Butcher in Birmingham.That had taken some time，so much he missed the last train and when the police found him shivering outside the locked up station，so cold he couldn’t answer loudly enough the pink­faced big copper who yelled in his face，“What’s your name sir？” spraying his face with spittle (吐沫)as he did so，leaving them with no choice but to search an exhausted，frozen old black man and finding him in possession of mysterious condiments (调味品)including a bag of dried bitter­leaf which could of course be mistaken for anything that resulted in his getting rid of his rights and charged with drug possession.

He lifted the lid of the bubbling soup.The room was filled with the rich and spicy scent of his culinary(烹饪的)effort.He served two bowls，taking the chipped one and placing the other opposite where Evelyn would have sat.He would tell her about his adventure，it was their anniversary and this was the perfect pepper soup to celebrate.

Ken Onyia，UK (Nigeria) monwealth Sport Short Story Prize

【解题导语】　本文是一篇小故事，主要反映了英国的种族歧视问题。一个尼日利亚的老人为了在结婚纪念日给自己的妻子做一顿传统的尼日利亚羊肉汤却被当作贩卖毒品的抓了起来。

9．Why was Mr.Ezenwa taken to the prison for a night?

A．He was too weak to move.

B．He couldn’t find his way back home.

C．He then had nowhere else to go.

D．He was suspected of possessing drugs.

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的finding him in possession of mysterious condiments (调味品)including a bag of dried bitter­leaf which could of course be mistaken for anything that resulted in his getting rid of his rights and charged with drug possession可知D正确。

10．When Mr.Ezenwa was to leave the prison，________．

A．his thumb print was taken immediately

B．the policeman was confused about what he had

C．a social worker was assigned to drive him back home

D．the policeman was so kind as not to damage his belongings

解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第五段的her name tag said Jessica Harlow，Social Services可知Jessica Harlow被指派送他回家。故选C。

11．What words can be used to describe Mr.Ezenwa?

A．Hopeless and pessimistic.

B．Mysterious and troublesome.

C．Affectionate and persistent.

D．Energetic and sympathetic.

解析：选C。推理判断题。根据Ezenwa一直以来为妻子做汤的坚持可知他是一个很坚韧的人，同时又能体会到他对妻子的爱。故选C。

12．What theme does the author want to express through the story?

A．Racial prejudice.

B．Hard life of the elderly.

C．Struggle for freedom.

D．Preservation of tradition.

解析：选A。主旨大意题。本文主要体现了英国的种族歧视问题，Ezenwa这个尼日利亚老人为妻子做汤却被当作贩卖毒品的被抓起来。故选A。

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型突破专题二阅读理解第三讲词义猜测题典题在线知能提升

A

I work in a nursing home and my job is to take care of the elderly.

This year，a very sweet old lady that I cared for，Alice，had gone through a difficult time.She got dementia and so she had been in the hospital twice.In November I was finally able to get her back to her “home”．

Alice had thought her daughter was ing to visit her on Christmas Day and that they were going to have the whole family together like the old days.When she finally realized that that happy moment was not going to happen，she was very sad.Knowing that her daughter was ing after Christmas was not enough to make her feel happy.I hated the idea of her being alone on the holiday!

On Christmas Eve，I gave her a surprise by asking if she would like to go to a candlelight service at church that night.

Instead of taking her to my church，I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were.We got there early and I got her a seat where her friends could see her as they came in.Then soon some of her friends came to the church and they rushed over to greet her and sit with her.

The candlelight service was beautiful and Alice got a lot of love from her old and new friends there.

The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice’s face.

【解题导语】　老人的女儿不能回来陪老人一起过圣诞节，作者便在平安夜带老人去有老人熟悉的朋友的老社区教堂，在那里，作者看到了老人脸上幸福的笑容，这也是作者得到的最好的礼物。

1．The underlined word “dementia” in Paragraph 2 probably is________．

A．a house　　　　　　　　 B．a letter

C．an illness D．a plan

解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“and so she had been in the hospital twice”可推断，此处表示老人生病了，住了两次院，故选C项。

2．Where did Alice spend her Christmas Eve according to the story?

A．In her old house.

B．In her old neighborhood church.

C．In the nursing home.

D．In the hospital.

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的第一句“Instead of taking her to my church，I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were”可知选B项。

3．What was the best gift that the author got on Christmas Eve？　

A．The candlelight service.

B．Praise from Alice’s friends.

C．Alice’s happiness.

D．Thanks from Alice’s daughter.

解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段“The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice’s face.”可知，作者得到的最好的礼物是Alice脸上的笑容，即她的快乐，故选C项。

4．What is the best title for this passage?

A．A special candlelight Christmas Eve

B．The dream of all old lonely ladies

C．My special job

D．The true love

解析：选A。主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者帮助一位老人过了个特别的烛光平安夜的故事，故选A项。

B

Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new.But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a pletely different approach，which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland.

If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.University of Maryland’s professor Yiannis Aloimonos，leader of the group，said“There exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize_on．”

“At present，the videos are fed electronically，”said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller.“Originally，we took our own videos，our cameras looking at us doing the cooking，”she explained.“And，as the robot advances，it reacts to good quality videos.And it will react to even lower quality home­made videos.”

So far，the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts，such as grasping a spoon，bringing it to the bowl，stirring the salad and observing the results.

But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program? Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task，the so­called feedback(反馈意见)；another is the introduction of language.

“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical(比喻性的) language，”he added.“But，”he said，“we don’t need that to create a new world where the robots will be working for us.”

【解题导语】　机器人按既定指令完成任务并不让人觉得新鲜，但能看着视频学做饭的机器人，你可能前所未闻。

5．The underlined phrase“capitalize on”probably can be replaced by________．

A．take hold of B．make use of

C．keep track of D．catch sight of

解析：选B。词义猜测题。由第二段的第一句“If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.”可知，机器人能利用网上大量的视频信息，结合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalize on应与“use”意思相近，因此选择B项。take hold of“握住”；make use of“利用”；keep track of“与……保持联系”；catch sight of“看到”。

6．Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot ________．

A．can not fully digest what it learns

B．can not make a simple salad

C．can follow home­made videos

D．can understand metaphorical language

解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段Aloimonos的话可知，该机器人目前还不能理解比喻性的语言。故排除D项。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能认为目前该机器人还不能完全消化它学的东西，应选择A项。

7．Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because ________．

A．they can easily follow fixed programs

B．they are smart enough to learn cooking

C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch

D．predetermined instructions are not flexible

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的前两句“But why teach a robot...a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.”可知，教机器人理解视频是因为预定指令不够灵活，应选择D项。

8．Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage?

A．Robots Creating a New World

B．Robots Making Cooking Videos

C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos

D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions

解析：选C。标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了通过观看视频学做饭的机器人，因此C项是最佳标题。

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