河北省邯郸市丛台区高考英语 阅读理解练习(2)(2)

河北省邯郸市丛台区2016高考英语 阅读理解练习（2）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Have you ever looked toward the sky on a fall day and witnessed a group of migrating birds? If so, you probably noted the V-shaped formation of the birds or the birds flying in a ball-like formation. Why do birds fly this way? Many theories have been developed to explain the formation patterns of different types of birds.

One theory is that birds fly in certain formations to take advantage of the laws of nature. The birds know that flying in a V-shaped pattern will save energy. Like the lead cyclist in a race who decreases wind force for the cyclists who follow, the lead bird cuts wind force for the birds that follow. This decrease in wind force means that the birds use up to 70 percent less energy during their flight. When the lead bird becomes tired, a more rested bird takes over that position.

But saving energy is important for more than one reason. Sometimes food is short during migration flights. Keeping energy enables the birds to fly longer distances between meals.

When food is sighted, the birds guide one another in a different way. When a bird identifies a familiar feeding area, it might turn around in order to signal the group to change direction. Then, this bird becomes the new leader. It helps guarantee that other birds will know exactly where it is going. Then the whole group makes a change in direction, gently streaming from the sky down to the ground. This formation is like an arrow pointing to the location of food.

Scientists have also studied the birds that sometimes fly in a ball-like formation. Researchers believe that the birds come together if a predator（天敌） is spotted. The predator may then become impatient waiting for a single bird to fly away from the group. The birds will often dip and dive as a group, frustrating even the most persistent enemy. Scientists report that this is a very effective method of defense against an attack.

The birds care for their fellow fliers through teamwork. As transportation expert Henry Ford once said, “If everyone is moving forward together, then success takes care of itself.” When it comes to teamwork, these feathered fliers are a soaring success!

1. According to the passage, we can learn that birds ___________.

A. move faster than cyclists

B. prefer to fly in a V formation

C. are smarter than other animals

D. play different roles in a formation

2. When food is sighted, ____________.

A. the group follows the discoverer

B. the lead bird decides what to do

C. the discoverer leaves the group

D. the whole group forms a stream

3. To protect themselves from attack, birds will _____________ .

A. break into groups B. come close together

C. change directions D. fly up and down

4. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. A Bird’s-Eye View of Teamwork.

B. Success Takes Care of Itself.

C. The Strongest Will Survive.

D. A Science Behind Flying.

【参考答案】1—4、DA B A

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

(2013·全国Ⅰ，A)

Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family's last vacation. It was my sixyearold son's winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meetings in New York, so I had to get back. But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay. I took my ninemonthold and took off for home.

The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged—okay, ordered—them to wait it out at the airport to “earn” more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh?

Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a bigtime bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.

I've made a living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in.

I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's worth. I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and it's the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.

文章大意：本文记叙了作者想尽一切办法省钱。

1．Why did Delta give the author's family credits?

A．They took a later flight.

B．They had early bookings.

C．Their flight had been delayed.

D．Their flight had been cancelled.

答案：A　推理判断题。根据短文第一段第五句话可知，因为飞机订票多了，航空公司有人给我们400美元要我们放弃座位，这样我们就得再等一天走。根据短文第二段第一句话可知，他们甚至乘坐更晚的航班。

2．What can we learn about the author?

A．She rarely misses a good deal.

B．She seldom makes a compromise.

C．She is very strict with her children.

D．She is interested in cheap products.

答案：A　推理判断题。根据短文一二段可知，作者很会省钱和赚钱。根据第三段可知她很会讨价还价，任何好的交易都不会错过，故A项正确。

3．What does the author do?

A．She's a teacher.

B．She's a housewife.

C．She's a media person.

D．She's a businesswoman.

答案：C　细节理解题。根据短文第四段第二句话可知，作者是一名记者，故C项正确。

4．What does the author want to tell us?

A．How to expose bad tricks.

B．How to reserve airline seats.

C．How to spend money wisely.

D．How to make a business deal.

答案：C　主旨大意题。整篇文章作者再讲什么地方该花钱，什么地方不该花钱，所以也就是说怎样更明智的花钱。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

(2013·江苏，B)

We've considered several ways of paying to cut in line: hiring line standers, buying tickets from scalpers (票贩子), or purchasing linecutting privileges directly from, say, an airline or an amusement park. Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service)．

Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are two different ways of allocating things，and each is appropriate to different activities. The morals of the queue, “First come，first served，” have an egalitarian (平等主义的) appeal. They tell us to ignore privilege, power, and deep pockets.

The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops. But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions. If I put my house up for sale, I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along, simply because it's the first. Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities, properly governed by different standards.

Sometimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle should apply. Think of the recorded message you hear, played over and over, as you wait on hold when calling your bank：“Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.” This is essential for the morals of the queue. It's as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.

But don't take the recorded message too seriously. Today, some people's calls and answered faster than others. Call center technology enables companies to “score” incoming calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places. You might call this telephonic queue jumping.

Of course, markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things. Some goods we distribute by merit, others by need, still others by chance. However, the tendency of markets to replace queues, and other nonmarket ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore. It is striking that most of the paid queuejumping schemes we've considered—at airports and amusement parks, in call centers, doctors' offices, and national parks—are recent developments, scarcely imaginable three decades ago. The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern, but these are not the only places that markets have entered.

文章大意：此篇文章由排队买票还是插队引入话题，谈论了分配东西的一些原则。市场在分配过程中起着它不同寻常的作用。

5．According to the author, which of the following seems governed by the principle “First come, first served”？

A．Taking buses.

B．Buying houses.

C．Flying with an airline.

D．Visiting amusement parks.

答案：A　细节理解题。由第三段第一句话可知乘坐公共汽车遵循先到先服务的原则。

6．The example of the recorded message in Paragraph 4 and 5 illustrates ________.

A．the necessity of patience in queuing

B．the advantage of modern technology

C．the uncertainty of allocation principle

D．the fairness of telephonic services

答案：C　推理判断题。文章的第四段第一句话中“it is unclear which principle should apply.”表明了分配原则的不确定。而第四段和第五段分别表明了这一主题。

7．The passage is meant to ________.

A．justify paying for faster services

B．discuss the morals of allocating things

C．analyze the reason for standing in line

D．criticize the behavior of queue jumping

答案：B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知这篇文章旨在讨论分配事物中的标准和原则。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Arnold followed Eugie down the slope, stealing, as his brother did, from one stock of wheat to another. Eugie paused before climbing through the wire fence that divided the wheatfield from the marshy pasture(牧场) around the lake. They were screened from the ducks by the trees along the lake’s edge.

“If you hit your duck, you want me to go in after it ?” Eugie said.

“If you want.” Arnold said.

Eugie lowered his eyelids, “You’d drown before you got it, the legs of yours are so weak.” He said contemptuously(轻蔑地)。

He shoveled the tub under the fence and, pressing down the centre wire, climbed through into the pasture.

Arnold pressed down the bottom wire, thrust a leg through and leaned forward to bring the other leg after. His rifle caught on the wire and he pulled at it. The air was rocked by the sound of the shot. Feeling foolish, he lifted his face, baring it to an expected shower of dersision(嘲弄)from his brother. But Eugie did not turn around.Instead, from his crouching position, he fell into his knees and then pitched forward onto his face. The ducks rose up crying from the lake, cleared the mountain background and beat away northward across the pale sky.

Amold squatted beside his brother. Eugie seemed to be climbing the earth, as if the earth ran up and down, and when he found he couldn’t scale it he lay still.

“Eugie?”

Then Arnold saw it, under the rolling hair at the back of the neck –- a solw rising of bright blood. It han an unpleasant movement, like that of a parasite(寄生虫)。

“Hey, Eugie,” he said again. He was feeling the same discomfort he had felt when he had watched Eugie sleeping; his brother didn’t known that he was lying face down in the pasture.

Again he said, “Hey, Eugie,” an anxious push in his voice. But Eugie was as still as the morning about them.

1. What does the underlined word “screened” in para 1 probably mean?

A. Separated B. Stopped C. Dragged D. Hidden

答案解析：答案为D。本题为词义推断题。结合前四段可知，Eugie 和Arnold想去偷鸭子，可以推断，为了不被人发现，他们躲在隐蔽的地方，D选项“隐藏”最符合文意。 A选项意为 “分离”，B选项意为 “阻止”，C选项意为“拖、拉”，均不符合文意。

2. From Para 2 to Para 4,we know that .

A. Eugie always laughed at Arnold.

B. Eugie would help Arnold hit the ducks.

C. Arnold begged Eugie to go in after the ducks.

D. Eugie was worried that Arnold might drown

答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。从Eugie的动作和语言 “Eugie lowered his eyelids, ‘You’d drown before you got it, the legs of yours are so weak.’He said contemptuously.” 可知，Eugie认为Arnold无法偷到鸭子，他可能会淹死，因为他的腿有问题。Eugie的语气轻蔑高傲，故可推断，Eugie总是嘲笑Arnold。故答案为A。

3. Why did Eugie lie still?

A. Arnold shot him intentionally.

B. Arnold killed him accidengtally.

C. He pretended to be unconscious.

D. He was ready to shoot some ducks.

答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。结合第六段 “...His rifle caught on the wire and he pulled at it. The air was rocked by the sound of the shot. Feeling foolish, he lifted his face...” 可知，Arnold的枪缠到了电线上，在他准备去拉枪的时候，空气被枪击的声音震动了，他觉得他真是笨； 又及第七段 “...Eugie seemed to be climbing the earth, as if the earth ran up and down, and when he found he couldn’t scale it he lay still.”可推知，Eugie的动作是中弹后的动作，他感到大地在摇晃，原来是Arnold 无意中开枪击中了Eugie，他已经死去，静静地躺着。故答案为B。

4. It can be inferred from the passage that .

A. the relationship between Arnold and Eugie was not so good.

B. Arnold followed Eugie approaching the lake to steal ducks.

C. they were crouching forward to steal the wheat.

D. Eugie was always taking care of Arnold.

答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。结合第四段 “Eugie lowered his eyelids, ‘You’d drown before you got it, the legs of yours are so weak.’ He said contemptuously” 和后文的第六段 “Feeling foolish, he lifted his face, baring it to an expected shower of dersision from his brother.” 可知，Eugie 总是嘲笑 Arnold. 他们的关系应该不好。故A选项正确。

由第一段第一句话 “Arnold followed Eugie down the slope...”可知，B选项是文章提到的细节，无需推理。由第二段Eugie说. “If you hit your duck, you want me to go in after it ?” 可推断，他们去偷鸭子，不是麦子。由前面的分析知，Eugie 总是嘲笑 Arnold，不会照顾Arnold。综合上述分析，B、C、D均不选。

【江西省上饶市2014高考英语二模试题】

书面表达（满分25分）

请你以一则公益广告——Don，t let the keyboard separate you and your loved ones为题写一篇发言稿，谈谈网络给我们带来的好处，并呼吁人们放下手中的鼠标与家人多多沟通，享受与家人在一起的美好时光。

参考词汇：网民—netizen

注意：1．词数：120左右；

2．题目与开头已给出，不计入总词数

3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

4．短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息。

Don9t let the keyboard separate you and your loved ones

Hello , everyone !

【参考范文】

书面表达：（满分25分）

Hello, everyone! Today the number of the netizens in our country has increased rapidly, yet many of them do not pay enough attention to the family. There’s no doubt that we benefit much from the Internet. For example, it’s convenient for us to get the information we need and communicate with our friends and relatives. Meanwhile, it can help us learn what is happening both at home and abroad. However, no matter how attractive the Internet is, we shouldn’t be separated from our loved ones. Therefore, just for a moment, we should stop surfing the Internet and spend time with our families, enjoying the time when we are together. So just remember this: don’t let the keyboard separate you and your loved ones.

Please take action! That’s all. Thank you!

【山东省潍坊市2014高考英语3月模拟试题】

写作(满分30分)

假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你周末滑冰时不慎将胳膊摔折，因而未能参加英语考试。请根据以下要点给你的外籍教师Mrs．Clemens写一封电子邮件：

1．表达歉意并解释缺考原因；

2．询问补考时间及课外作业(如阅读书目、作业要求等)。

注意：

1．词数：l20—150；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Mrs．Clemens，

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