spendcostpaytake做“花费”讲时的辨析
spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：
(1) spend time／money on sth.在……上花费时间(金钱)。
例：I spent two hours on this mathes problem.
这道数学题花了我两个小时。
(2) spend time／money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。
例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge.
造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
(3)spend money for sth.花钱买……。
例：His money was spent for books.他的钱用来买书了。
cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示"值"，常见用法如下：
(1)sth. costs (sb.)＋金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。
例：A new computer costs a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.)＋时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。
例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：
(1) It takes sb.＋时间＋to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间。
例：It took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
(2)doing sth. takes sb.＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。
例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一下午修车。
pay的基本用法是：
(1) pay (sb.) money for sth.付钱(给某人)买……。
例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付20英磅的房租。
(2)pay for sth.付……的钱。
例：I have to pay for the book lost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。
(3)pay for sb.替某人付钱。
例：Don‘tworry!I'll pay for you.别担心，我会给你付钱的。
(4)pay sb.付钱给某人。
例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。
(5)pay money back还钱。(6)pay off one's money还清钱。
例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week.你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。［巩固练习］
1. Americans eat ________ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. A. more than twice B. as twice as many
C. twice as many as D. more than twice as many
2. Paper produced every year is _______ the world's production of vehicles. A. the three weight of B. three times the weight of C. as three times heavy as D. three times as heavier as
3.With the help of the German experts，the factory produced ______ cars in 1993 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
4. This ship measures ________ that one. A. as twice as long B. as twice long asC. twice long as D. twice as long as
5. After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced _______ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many as C. as twice as many D. twice as man1、综合使用：这件外套花费了我100元。几种不同的表达方式。
2. They spend too much timethe report
A. writingB. to writeC. on writingD. write
3. --What beautiful shoes you’re wearing! They must be expensive.
--No，they only——l0 yuan．
A．spentB．tookC．paidD．cost
4. --Will you pleasefor my dinner Peter?
--Sure!
A. spendB. payC. costD.take
5. It willme too much time to read this book.
A. takeB. costC. spendD.pay
6.This science book ____ me a great amount of money.
A. tookB. costC. usedD. spent
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