Overview of intercultural communication
Fred E. Jandt
The 20th century human science and technology has been a breakthrough development,which has greatly changed the world pattern and human way of life. Modern transportation high-speed development, high speed road crisscross, family car at a faster speed, in wider range popularization, this makes the companionship unprecedented frequently. Modern communications technology is highly developed and the rapid popularization of mobile phone, which makes the communication between people absolutely clear. Especially the popularization of the computer and the Internet, make the birth of human life form enters a new era, breaking the previous life function space restrictions. These great change a core is between person and person, time and space is pulled close distance, the huge earth be compressed into a small "global village", intercultural communication become each nation ingapore life part. However, cultural differences are cross-cultural communication barriers, cultural differences to overcome communication barriers has become the common problems facing the world. Today we mainly to discuss the differences between eastern and western etiquette culture appearance and deep reasons.
Eastern rite refers mainly to China, Japan, Korea, Thailand, Singapore, etc, as a representative of the Asian countries represent with the east
Square the characteristics of the nationalities etiquette culture. Western etiquette refers mainly to spread in Europe, North America countries culture etiquette.
1.Communicative language etiquette difference
Overall, the etiquette of western emphasis on practical, express blunt, frank. In “ let ” for orientals rite, all thingses all manners
Make three points, compared with westerners, often appear humility and implicative. For example
Daily greetings
In a typical representative of China Oriental culture, daily acquaintances greet the most commonly used is to eat? "" go where?" and so on, this is our common and be willing to accept it, being such inquiries, we feel each other for their concerns, but in the west, this greeting will make them feel suddenly, embarrassed, even unhappy, because westerners will put this question to understand become a "questioned", they used mode is "hello" or "good morning" and so on, in Britain, "it is a fine day today" is the most commonly used sentence structures.
2. Appellation,
In China, general is very familiar with close to each other between will use first names, an western "use first names" range wants than China broad
In China's family, we cultured is degress trenchant, long young orderly, and call is must be made clear, otherwise it will be considered rude, but in western families, you can even call parents name, to the male elders are called "uncle", can be called "women elder aunt".
3. Hospitality and guest
We are getting along with people, always habits from his perspective for others. This shows up in hospitality and guest, conscientious guest always try not to bother master, don't let host cost money, thus to host hospitality always politely to decline. So, qualified master will not directly asked guests want something, but active ponder the customer's needs, and actively give satisfaction. On the table and hospitality of the host always give a guest good or not advised dishes. Therefore, Chinese hospitality and guest scenes often atmosphere: party kept telling, the other side is kept me.
Foreigners are especially westerners, whether master or guest, everyone very frank, without formal. When the guest calls, master meeting flatly ask each other "anything to drink;" If the guest would like to have something to drink, can directly ask each other "what do you have to drink", and choose a favorite drink; If the guest is really don't want to drink, the guest will say "thank you! I don't want to drink". In table, the host asks the guest will not come again point, if the guests say enough, host general won't again to guest advised being wined and dined drink.
Dining etiquette difference
We have something called "saying", thus diet in the Chinese will eat as is a top priority. Chinese food notice well-balanced -- even than on nutrition attention. Western diet is more exquisite, are nutritional collocation and absorption, is formed subject diet conception.
Dining atmosphere
Chinese eat like lively, many people round into 1 table eating laughing, have dinner atmosphere warmer place, except in very formal banquets, the Chinese people in table rarely have special etiquette. While the westerners when eating like quiet, they think in table must pay attention to your manners, such as eating cannot emit loud very unpleasant sound.
Table manners
China avers are user-friendly and fete guest left when position the honored guests arrangement on the left of the box-office, which in turn and row. Western is right for honour, men and women interval and sit, female guest seats than male guest tallish, man has to open for free right lady chair in order to show respect.
4.Treat praise
We have always regarded modesty as a virtue. Whether for own ability or achievements, always like their modesty. If no such may be accused of "not condescension", "arrogance". For instance, Chinese scholars in speech before, usually say: "I am learning is not deep, preparations are not fully, everyone please give us your advice;" At the party, hospitable host face a full table of food said: "without what dish, please literally eat"; When a boss entrusts with an important task, usually modestly said: "I'm afraid I can't do the job."
Foreigners are especially westerners without modesty habit. They think that a person want to be granted, must first assertiveness. So, with their own ability and grades always realistically to evaluation. Dinner, the host will detail to the guest's employment order of characteristic, and the hope guests like, By boss entrusts with an important task, they will thank boss and said he must do well
5.gifts
China will give gifts as reciprocity, pay attention to interpersonal bridge, and the gifts of numerous, weddings and funerals, birthday, a raise, moving etc can serve as gifts for reason.
The etiquette of western emphasizes communicative practice, on the basis of the exquisite manners concise, generally not easily giving gifts to others, even give gifts, also won't too much on the gift itself value, cultured is gift of cultural style and artistic quality.
Gifts and accept gifts, also exist differences between east and west. Westerners give gifts, always to accepting the person directly
Local explanation: this is my “ carefully chosen gifts for you, hope you like ”, or “ this is the best gift ”
Kind words, Westerners generally not refuse the other people's gift, accept gifts first to express gratitude, took the gift giver after always
Face to face down to see gifts, and presents a praise. And Oriental is different, the Chinese and Japanese people in gifts also music.then,
Well-chosen before, but in receiving always hides said courteously “ the meager ritual no respect, please take it ”, or words to that effect.
Oriental in receiving, and usually politely refuse xing. After received gifts, generally does not face to face down, lest each other because of the offering
Gift underweight or unsitisfatory embarrassed, or appear yourself each light righteousness, impolite.
From intercultural communication（March 2006）
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