阅读理解
In today's throwaway society，dealing with the city's growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council(市议会)．
Recently, Edinburgh is faced with
the problem of disposing of(处理)about 250,000 million tons of waste a year. Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner—largely through encouraging recycling—its aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.
The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils (Edinburgh，East Lothian, West Lothian，Midlothian and Borders) face fines around ￡18 million a year from 2013 if they don't increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the city's waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.
After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the city's waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.
Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But soon they turned it down—after 700 local objections reached them—because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.
That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2013，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.
回收利用曾是最绿色的垃圾处理方式。 但是，这种处理方法却不能短时间内满足欧盟对于及时解决废物的政策需求，因此，在回收利用的同时，他们还是得重建一所大型的垃圾焚烧厂。
1．The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is ________.
A．recycling B．restoring
C．burying D．burning
答案：A。细节判断题。第二段中的信息词“largely through encouraging recycling”可以断定选项A的说法是与原文保持一致的。
2．The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to ________.
A．reduce the cost of burying waste B．meet the EU requirements
C．speed up waste recycling D．replace landfill sites
答案：B。细节判断题。在第三个段落的开头提到了“The EU has issued a new policy...”便可以断定他们制定这个处理垃圾的计划也正是这个政策的出台，所以与选项B的说法是相符合的。
3．The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because ________.
A．it came from a private company B．the council was not interested in it
C．it was not supported by EU D．the local people were against it
答案：D。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“...700 local objections reached them...”，可以断定市民是反对的。
4．What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils?
A．To open a new landfill nearby.
B．To close the Powderhall landfill in 2015.
C．To set up a plant for burning waste.
D．To persuade people to reduce their waste.
答案：C。细节判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的“set up an incenerator plant”，即：建一个垃圾焚烧厂，就可以断定，选项C与本信息句是相吻合的。
【由安徽省合肥市2014高考模拟题改编】
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
When I decided to quit my job as a wedding photographer, I was in my late twenties, fresh from my divorce from Bob who had left me empty and confused. I decided to leave the US and travel. I had no savings, plus more than $5,000 in debt. What I did have were two sponsored tasks as a travel photographer- and with that along, I thought, it would be easy.
My first experience was a road trip from Toronto to Las Vegas, paid for by a car delivery service. Other trips followed and then I started a travel blog (博客). It was intended to be my calling card for assignment travel photography. Yet even with my blog and past experience, email after email I sent to publications, trying to get work, went unanswered. When they did get in touch, editors told me that I had no chance of making a career with travel photography. While I struggled to get on the path that I wanted, and as I expanded my blog to help get me there, I found myself wearing the hat of a full-time blogger.
Luckily, I got in at the right time. It was 2010，and the travel industry was just starting to turn its attention to bloggers. As I never could have predicted, my blogging-not my photography-did take me around the world successfully. At first，I thought it was for personal reasons, but I realized later that it was for free marketing for my blogging.
Within two years, I was being asked to speak at travel blogging conferences, which helped me to raise a network of friends around the world. Even more meaningful, however, was when I saw that my travels were also helping other people. My blog and social media followers saw that I chased my dreams and told me over and over again how they needed that kind of example, which was absent in their lives elsewhere.
51 After the author quit her job, she decided to ______.
A. divorce her husband B. be a wedding photographer
C. pay off all her debt D. go travelling abroad
2. What can we learn about the author from the 2nd paragraph?
A. She paid money to a car delivery agency for a road trip.
B. She realised his dream of becoming a travel photographer.
C. She got a job as an editor in a publishing house.
D. She finally became a professional blogger unintentionally.
3. The author believed her success mainly resulted from ______.
A. her personal reasons B. her photographing skills
C. free marketing for blogging D. booming of travel industry
4. What did the author think of her two years' work?
A. Inspiring. B. Appealing. C. Interesting. D. Challenging.
【参考答案】1—4、DDCA
【由广东省广州市2014模拟改编】
阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Stage fright or performance anxiety is the anxiety, or fear which may occur in an individual by the requirement to perform in front of an audience. It is most commonly seen in school situations, like stand-up projects and class speeches. It has numerous forms: heart beating fast, trembling hands and legs, sweaty hands, dry mouth etc.
In fact, most of the fear occurs before you step on stage. Once you’re up there, it usually goes away. Thus, it is a phenomenon that you must learn to control. Try to think of stage fright in a positive way. It heightens your energy, adds color to your cheeks. With these good side effects you will actually look healthier and more physically attractive.
Many of the top performers in the world get stage fright so you are in good company. Stage fright may come and go or decrease, but it usually does not disappear permanently. You must concentrate on getting the feeling out and present what you have prepared calmly.
Remember “Nobody” ever died from stage fright. But, according to surveys, many people would rather die than give a speech. If that applies to you, and you are an unlucky guy who is with stage fright the whole time, try out some of the strategies(策略) as follows to help get yourself under control. Realize that you may never overcome stage fright, but you can learn to control it, and use it to your advantage.
Strategies are as follows when the program begins:
1) If legs are trembling, lean on table or shift legs or move.
2) Don’t hold notes. The audience can see them shake. Use three-by-five cards instead.
3) Use eye contact. Look at the friendliest faces in the audience.
Remember nervousness doesn’t show one-tenth as much as it feels. Before each presentation, make a short list of the items you think will make you feel better. Don’t be afraid to experiment with different combinations. You never know which ones will work best until you try. Use these steps to control stage fright so it doesn’t control you. Once you are used to stage fright, you will find you on the road to a great speech-maker.
1. Someone may be most likely to suffer from stage fright when he/she is ______.
A. attending an English class
B. standing in a classroom
C. watching a performance
D. talking in front of people
2. By thinking of stage fright in a positive way, one could ______.
A. learn to control stage fright
B. get rid of stage fright
C. calm down before stepping on stage
D. become more physically attractive
3. Which of the following is true?
A. Top performers usually suffer from stage fright.
B. Stage fright may stay with a person for a life time.
C. Nobody would rather die than give a speech.
D. No one can overcome or control stage fright.
4. The author advises people with stage fright to ______.
A. show one-tenth of their nervousness
B. experiment with different kinds of stage fright
C. refer to the strategies whenever they feel the need
D. use one of the strategies each time
5. The passage mainly talks about ______.
A. how to deal with stage fright B. what stage fright is like
C. when stage fright occurs D. why people have stage fright
【参考答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A
【由湖南省2014高考十三校联考第二次考试改编】
阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
WASHINGTON The head of the World Bank says for the first time in human history, it is possible to end poverty around the world．Jim Yong Kim told a Washington audience Tuesday, he wants to make ending world poverty by 2030 a top goal for the bank and governments around the world．
World Bank President Jim Yong Kim says that the problems of poverty, hunger and inequality are wide, urgent and a matter of survival of millions．
"We know that despite the great successes of the last decade, there are still about 1．3 billion people living in extreme poverty, 870 million who go hungry every day, and 6．9 million children under five dying every year," he said．
But Kim told a Washington audience that the previous successful efforts to cut the number of people living in extreme poverty by half give them hope．
"We are at an auspicious moment in history, when the successes of past decades and an increasingly favourable economic outlook （前景:） combine to give developing countries a chance-for the first time ever-to end extreme poverty within a generation," he said in a speech at Georgetown University．"Our duty now must be to ensure that these favourable circumstances are matched with deliberate decisions to realize this historic opportunity．"
Kim says success will require increasing the speed of economic growth, particularly in South Africa and South Asia．
But he warned that civil unrest （动乱） could happen if economic growth does not help people at all income levels, and also include women and youth．
Kim says that the World Bank and other development agencies will have more resources to get this job done right．"Meeting this 2030 goal will take extraordinary effort," he said．
However, Kim warned that all the progress in fighting poverty could be destroyed by climate disasters unless the nations of the world do more to prevent climate change．
1．In the opinion of Jim Yong Kim, world poverty _____．
A．is not quite hard to end by 2030
B．exists only in Africa and Asia
C．is difficult but hopeful to end by 2030
D．will be sure to disappear by 2030
2．Which of the following gives Jim Yong Kim the hope to end world poverty?
A．A decreasing number of people are living in poverty．
B．Great successes have been achieved in science and technology．
C．Economic growth is increasing in developing countries．
D．All countries have started to fight poverty．
3．The underlined word "auspicious" in Paragraph 5 most probably means "_____"．
A．unforgettable B．lucky
C．disappearing D．important
4．According to Jim Yong Kim, in order to end world poverty, _____．
A．we must prevent civil unrest from happening
B．we can't ignore the needs of women and youth
C．we must make more people realize the importance of fighting poverty
D．the countries across the world must work together to stop climate change
5．What s the passage mainly about?
A．The key of ending world poverty is preventing climate change
B．A top goal - ending world poverty will possibly be achieved by 2030
C．The success of ending poverty - economic growth
D．The progress in fighting poverty
【参考答案】1--5、CABDB
1.下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词的下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分。
This morning on my way to school I was deep moved by what I saw outside a bank. An old man was counting his money in the front of the bank. Suddenly a young man came running and knocked him down. To make things bad, his money was lying in all direction. At once the people around rush to pick the money up, while the old man stood there, not know what to do. Surprisingly, everyone gave back the money they had just picked. The old man counted the money again and found that not a single bill was missed. To my great joy, there are now a lot of nice people in your life. It’s true what honesty is more important than money!
【参考答案】1.
This morning on my way to school I was deep moved by what I saw outside a bank. An old
deeply
man was counting his money in the front of the bank. Suddenly a young man came running and
knocked him down. To make things bad, his money was lying in all direction. At once the people
worse directions/all 改any
around rush to pick the money up when the old man stood there, not know what to do.
rushed knowing
Surprisingly, everyone gave back the money they had just picked∧. The old man counted the
up
money again and found that not a single bill was missed. To my great joy, there are now a lot of
missing /lost
nice people in your life. It’s true what honesty is more important than money!
our that
2.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The way of communication in people’s life has changed a lot of in recent years. In the past, people keep in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or use the public telephone. But now almost everyone have a mobile phone. People can communicate with each other almost at any place and at any time. What’s more, people have easy access the Internet, it enables them to send and accept e-mails whenever they like. With these changes, people’s pace of life has been quickened and people’s work has been made more efficiently. It used to take them several days to hear from each other, and now it takes only several minutes, even if we are in two different continents.
【参考答案】2.
1. a lot of中的of去掉 2. keep—kept
3. use—using 4. have—has
5. access后加to 6. it—which
7. accept—receive 8. efficiently—efficient
9. and—but 10. we—they
3.短文改错
I went to the Summer Palace last week. At the gate I happen to meet some America tourists. I greeted him in English and then we began to chat. I got to know that they were college students travel in China. They were busy with taking pictures and were much impressed with the changes that had been taken place in the past few years. After that, we went boating in a lake and had a good time. We exchanged our email address so that we could write each other in the future. They thanked me again and again. I was very gladly to have a chance to practice my oral English.
【参考答案】3.
1. happen—happened 2. America—American
3. him—them 4. travel—travelling
5. with去掉 6. been去掉
7. in—on 8. address—addresses
9. wirte后加to 10. gladly—glad
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