科技英语读写课后练习答案(部分,自译)
发布时间：2011-11-13 来源：文档文库
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Unit 2 近年来，西方国家的传统工业日趋萎缩，而以新兴技术为基础的工业蓬勃发展。人们普遍认为，目前世界正在经历着一场新的技术革命，而新技术革命的物质基础是新兴技术群。
In recent years, traditional industries in Western countries increasingly shrinking, and the emerging technology-based industries to flourish. People generally believe that the world is experiencing a new technological revolution, and the material basis of the new 光纤通信改变了传统的通信条件，并将成为未来社会的“动脉”， 加快信息社会的进步。
Optical fiber communication has changed the traditional communication conditions, and will be the future society "artery" to speed up the progress of the information society.
一句话，新兴技术对社会经济和生活产生的意义和影响是以往任何技术都有无法比拟的。
technological revolution is the emerging technology group.
而新技术革命的物质基础是新技术群。
The material basis of the new technological revolution is a new technology group
它是以电子技术、生物工程、空间技术、海洋开发、光纤通讯、材料技术等等到为主导技术，所构成的新兴技术体系
t is based on electronic technology, biological engineering, space technology, ocean development, optical fiber communications, materials technology, and to the leading technology, which constitute the system of emerging technologies
新兴技术群体以微电子技术为中心，构成了深刻影响社会产业和经济结构的技术因素。第五代电子计算机的研制，标志着技术发展进入了一个新的历史阶段，即可以用技术手段减轻和部分地代替人的脑力劳动。
Emerging technologies in microelectronics technology as the central group, constitutes a profound impact on social and economic structure of industrial technical factors.Development of the fifth generation computer, marking the technology has entered a new historical phase, the technical means can be used in part to reduce and replace human mental work.
海洋工程将开发所谓的第四资源，解决世界资源危机。
Ocean Engineering will develop the so-called fourth resources to solve the world crisis of resources.
In short, emerging technologies and social and economic lives of the meaning and impact of any previous technology has none.
Unit3 爱因斯坦理论所提出的基本观点是，宇宙间最大的速度是光速，质量似乎随着速度 增加而增加；在空间移动的钟表的速率将随其速度的增加而减慢，而能量和质量则是相等而又可以互相转换的。
Einstein proposed the theory of the basic point is that the universe is the maximum speed of light, the quality seems to increase with speed; clocks in space move with the speed the rate of increase will be slowed down, while energy and mass are are equal to each other but can be converted.
这后一论点基于这样一个公式·····（能量等于质量乘以光速的平方），
This latter argument is based on a formula • • • • • (energy equals mass times the speed of light squared,
它后来被原子分裂现象所证实，并成为制造原子弹的依据。
It was later confirmed by the phenomenon of splitting of the atom and become the basis for an atomic bomb.
在他晚年时，当爱因斯坦应邀向一群青年学生解释相对论时，曾这样说： In his later years, when Einstein was invited to explain the theory of relativity to a group of young students when he said:
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当你和一个漂亮的女孩子坐在一起两个小时，你会以为才过去一分钟；而当你坐在坐在酷热的火炉上哪怕只有一分钟，你会以为已经两个小时，这就是相对论 When you sit with a pretty girl for two hours, you would think only the last one minute; and when you sit on a hot stove sitting even if only for a minute, you will think I have To 80 years, the computer began to use a large scale integrated circuit VLSI, they are often called the fourth generation of computers, although they are compared with the third generation of computers, the difference is not very obvious.
two hours, this is the theory of relativity
Unit4 人们有时候用“代”来为现在计算机分类，每一代都以某种重要技术为特征。 People sometimes use the "generation" to the current computer classification, each generation technology in some important features.
第一代计算机使用真空电子管作为逻辑门。著名的第二代计算机中包括UNIVAC 1，建成于1951年。第二代计算机于1962年前后开始出现。当时CDC和IBM公司成功的推出第一台采用晶体管的商业性的计算机。
The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes for logic gates. The famous second-generation computers, including UNIVAC 1, was built in 1951. The second generation of computers began to appear around 1962. IBM, CDC, and the success was the launch of the first commercial use of transistor computer.
60年代后期到70年代，集成电路的使用标志着第三代计算机的诞生。它使以较低成本建造速度更高、性能更可靠的计算机成为可能。
60 to 70 years late, the use of integrated circuits marked the birth of the third generation of computers. It enables the construction of higher speed at lower cost, more reliable performance of the computer possible.
到了80年代，计算机开始采用大规模集成电路个超大规模集成电路，它们通常被称为第四代计算机，尽管它们与第三代计算机相比，差别并不十分明显。
第五代计算机突出了人工智能，着重研究机器推理及逻辑编程语言等。它与前几代计算机不同，因为，到目前为止，其研究成果尚未对商业性的计算机市场产生任何直接的重大影响。
Highlights the fifth generation computer artificial intelligence, focuses on reasoning and logic programming machine language. It is different from previous generations of computers, because, so far, their research has not yet produced the commercial computer market, any direct significant impact.
Sometimes people divide computers by "generation",and each generation take some important techniques as a characteristic.Vacuum tube is used for logic door in the first generation.The second generation included UNIVAC which setted up in 1951,appeared about 1962.The CDC and IBM company released the first transistor computer successfully .Between late 60's and 70's , the usage of the integrated circuit symbolized birth of the third generation .It maked lower in cost, higher in speed and more dependable in function computer possible.Till 80's, the computer made of large scale integration and super large scale integration. They usually called the fourth generation, though there were little difference between the thirth generation and the fourth .The fifth generation's advantage is artificial intelligence, and that's differents arelogical machine and assemble language . So far, its research hasn't brought any direct important influence on business computer market.
Unit 5 我们可以制造出比其他设计更轻的探险卫星。
We can create designs and lighter than other adventure satellites.
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这种卫星的形状能产生极大的空气动力升力。当这种轻型飞行器在返回大气层过程中开始减速时，可以在相对高的高度上徘徊。在此高度，稀薄的空气使飞行器加热较慢。
The shape of the satellite can produce a great aerodynamic lift. When this light aircraft in the process returns to the atmosphere began to slow, you can at a relatively high altitude hovering. In this altitude, thin air that vehicle heating slowly
因此，与航天飞机这类致密的飞行器相比，它从轨道返回时所产生的突发热量较少。 They also point out that no one knows for sure, that the future of these plants and animals which may be useful to us.
Unit 8 根据光射线电话的设想，著名发明家贝尔通过实验，开创了现代光通信技术。 According to phone-ray vision, the famous inventor Bell experiment, and created a modern optical communication technology. Thus, these compact vehicles than the space shuttle, which returned from orbit less heat generated by the burst
当重返大气层时，在机身周围会形成冲击波，其形状有助于将承受极度高温的表面面积减至最低。这样就减少了对覆盖机身所需的保护性绝缘体的需求，使工程师们得以开发寿命更长、重量更轻的绝热材料。
When the re-entry, in the formation of shock waves around the fuselage, and its shape helps to bear the extreme heat of the surface area to a minimum. This reduces the need for protective cover insulator body needs, enables engineers to develop a longer life, lighter weight insulation.
Unit 6 环境科学家们说，如果地球要继续供养人类，最重要的就是要保护野生生物和生态环境。
Environmental scientists say that if the Earth to 