马术运动常用英语词汇

马术运动常用英语词汇 马术运动 障碍赛花式骑术

Equestrian

人员  障碍赛   花式骑术   赛马 马球运动 赌马 步法  马匹 场地 旗手装备 饲养与调教

马术运动：equestrian sport

马术比赛：equestrian competition event

障碍赛：hurdle race; (steeple) chase

超越障碍赛： show jumping

盛装舞步；花式骑术：dressage

三日赛；综合全能马术比赛：three-day event; complete competitive examination of horsemanship

花式骑术测验：dressage test

越野耐力测验：endurance test

超越障碍测验：jumping test

跳跃障碍测验：Puissance

马场超越障碍赛：Stadium jumping competition

放牧人竞技会：Rodeo

马上技巧：Mounted gymnastics

马术学校：Riding school [academy]

人员

马术运动员；骑手：equestrian; equestrienne (女); horseman; horsewoman (女); rider; jockey

障碍赛骑手：Show jumper

盛装舞步骑手：Dressage rider

驯马师：horse-breaker [-master; -trainer]; bronco-buster

障碍赛裁判员：Obstacle judge

检查员：Patrol judge

跑道检查员：Clerk of the course

赛马工作人员：Steward

饲养员：groom；Stableman

马掌工：Blacksmith; Farrier

障碍赛

越过障碍：Jump

起跳：Take off

飞跃：Fly

飞越：Leap

轻触障碍：Tick

漏跳：Omit an obstacle

拒跳：Ba(u)lk

踌躇（跳障碍前收住脚步）：Dwell

碰撞障碍：Knock down an obstacle

绊跌：Stumble

时间限制：Time limit

障碍赛平分决胜：jump-off

障碍：Obstacle; fence

障碍宽度：Spread

固定障碍：Solid obstacle

简单障碍：Simple obstacle

双重障碍：Double obstacles; in-and-out

直立障碍：Vertical [straight] obstacle

高宽混合障碍 high and broad obstacle

平行杆障碍：Parallel poles

双重平行杆障碍：Double parallel poles

三重障碍：Triple bars

平行三重障碍：Triple parallel bars

木栅障碍：Railing; paling; Oxer; bars; post and rail obstacles

单栏障碍：Simple oxer

蛇形木栅障碍：Snake fence

宽围栏障碍：Spread fence

屋顶形障碍：Chicken coop

低墙障碍；土堤：Bank; knoll

石墙障碍：Stone wall

树篱障碍：Hedge; bullfinch

窄篱[墙]障碍：Narrow stile

篱沟障碍：Ditch and hedge

树篱与木栅障碍：Brush and rails

沟：Ditch; pit

水沟障碍：Water-jump

水沟带树篱障碍：Water jump with hedge

花式骑术

初级花式骑术：Elementary training; Campagne

高级花式骑术：grand dressage; high school; haut ecole

立定：Attention

前肢起扬：Levade; pesade

后肢直立：Rear

昂首跳步：Jigging

原地快步：Trot in place

斜横步：Two-track; half-pass; appuyer

巴沙基；高级快报：Passage

西班牙舞步；高级慢步：Spanish walk

琵阿斐；原地高级步：Piaffe

跳跃：Gambado

原地腾跃：Capriole

直立腾跃：Curvet; courbette

旋转：Pivot

后肢旋转：Pivot on the quarters; pirouette

前肢旋转：Pivot on the forehand

半旋转：Caracole

后肢半旋转：Half-pirouette

环骑：Volt(e)

转圈（直径超过6米）：Circle

8字形：Eight; school figures

赛马

赛马：Horse race [racing]

大赛马：Derby

平地赛马（无障碍物）：Flat race

有奖赛马：Stakes race

让步赛马：Handicap; allowance race

负重减量：Alloance

附加重量：Impost

根据马匹年龄和赛程而附加的重量：Weight-for-age

轻驾车赛：Hharness racing

同时到达终点：dead heat

领先一头的距离：head

落选的马：also-ran

马球运动：polo

马球运动员：polo player; poloist

马球队：quartet

局：chukker

前锋：forward

前卫：halfback

后卫：back

球门裁判：goal umpire

判胜一球：penalty goal

原地罚球：free hit

得球：right of way

球行线：line of ball

挤出球行线：ride off the ball

向前击球：forestroke

向后击球：backstroke

右侧向前击球：offside forehand

右侧向后击球：offside backhand

左侧向前击球：nearside forehand

左侧向后击球：nearside backhand

马球杆：mallet; polo-stick

赌马：gamble [bet] on horses

赌博者：gambler; bettor; horse player

登记赌注者：bookmaker; bookie

赌注：bet; stake

赔率：odds

同注分彩赌博：parimutuel

赛马内情简报：dope-[tip-]-sheet

骑术

骑术：art of riding; horsemanship; equestrianism; equestrian skill; equitation; jockeyship

无鞍骑乘：ride bareback

上马：get up; mount

帮助上马：leg up

下马：dismount

骑坐姿势：riding posture; seat

身体重心居中的骑坐姿势：park seat

前倾骑坐：forward [balanced; hunting; modern; military] seat

极度前倾骑坐：jockey seat

古典骑坐姿势：academic [classical] seat

顺随马的动作：go with the horse

扶助指挥：aid

自然扶助：natural aid; authorized assistance

人工扶助：artificial aid; unauthorized assistance

控缰：draw the rein

开控缰：leading [opening] rein

颈上控缰：bearing [neck] rein

反向直控缰：direct rein of opposition

强力控缰：heavy-handed; mutton-fisted

轻控缰绳：light-handed

控马：collect a horse

控马后退：rein back

停住：halt

控缰主导腿：active leg

控缰支撑腿：passive leg

落马：fall from the horse; come a cropper

步法 [态]：gait

自然步法：collected [natural] gait

人工步（包括慢跑步、侧对步、破侧对步）：artificial gait

侧[横]步：sidestep

慢步：walk; short pace; jog trot

自由慢步：free walk

短慢步：short walk

跑慢步：running walk

侧对步：amble; pace; on the diagonal

慢侧对步：slow gait; stepping pace

破[花]侧对步：broken amble; rack; single foot

快步：trot

狐[小快]步：foxtrot

骑手稳坐马鞍的小跑：sitting trot

骑手随马起伏的小跑：rising trot

慢快步：collected trot

平稳快步：square trot

缩短快步：slow trot

慢跑步：canter; slow pace; hand gallop

普通慢快跑：ordinary canter

大步慢跑：lope

反常跑步：counter canter; false lead

飞奔；疾驰：gallop

袭步：full [running] gallop

狂奔：bolt; take the bit

伸长步法：extended gait

缩短步法：shortened gait

碎步：choppy stride

乱步：disunited gait

两个蹄音的步法：two-beat gait

三个蹄音的步法：three-beat gait

四个蹄音的步法：four-beat gait

善于五种步法的：five-gaited

简单换步：simple change of legs

空中换腿：flying change of legs

马匹

马：horse

额毛：forelock

马体前部：forequarters; front quarters

马鬃：mane; crest

马肩隆：withers

马背：horseback

颈础：base of neck

脊背：back

腹部：belly; abdomen; barrel

胁：blank

臀部：haunch; hind quarters; rump; croup(e); crump; crupper

前肢：forefoot; front foot; arm

左前肢：left fore

右前肢：right fore

后肢：hind leg

左后肢：left fore

右前肢：right hind

斜对肢：diagonal pair of legs

飞[跗关]节：hock

胫：shank; gaskin; second thigh

距毛；球节：fetlock

系部：pastern

蹄：hoof; foot

品种：breed

谱系：pedigree

纯种马：purebred; bloodstock

英纯种马：thoroughbred

阿拉伯马：Arab (horse); Arabian horse

非纯种的：cold-blooded

混血马：half-bred

母马：mare; dam

母驹（5岁以下）：filly

公驹（5岁以下）：colt

1-2岁的幼驹：yearling

2-4岁的马：futurity

种马：stud horse

骟马：castrated horse; gelding

比赛用马：race horse; racer; bangtail; oat-burner

盛装舞步马：dressage horse

障碍赛用马：(show) jumper

越野障碍赛用马：chaser; hunter

球赛马：polo pony

轻挽马：harness horse

骑乘马：riding [saddle] horse; hackney; saddler

体形：conformation; quality

受衔姿势：collection

特征：marking; peculiarity

性格：disposition; temperament

敏感性：responsiveness

易惊的：shy; flighty; skittish

见人受惊的：manshy

易受惊的马：shyer

驯服性：obedience; suppleness; acceptance to the bridle

受衔的：light-mouthed

不让装勒的：headshy

不服马嚼子的马：puller

易于驾驭的：light in hand

难驾驭的：reative

不驯从的：disobedient

难驯的马：bucking bronco; outlaw

弓背跳起（企图摔下骑手）：buck jump

将骑手摔下来：throw [unseat] the rider

马具：harness; tackle; horse gear

口套；鼻笼：muzzle

嚼子；口衔：bit

马眼罩：blinders; blinkers; winkers

头勒：halter; headstall

顶革：headpiece; head strap

低头革：martingale

颊革：cheek piece [strap]

颈革：neck strap

鼻革：noseband

马肚带：girth; cinch; surcingle

缰绳：rein

控制缰：checkrein

鞍具：saddlery

马鞍：saddle

花式骑术马鞍：dressage saddle

鞍座：seat

前鞍桥：saddle bow; pommel

后鞍桥：high bow; cantle

鞍垫：saddle blanket [pad]

鞍布：saddle cloth

马刺：spur

马镫：stirrup

马蹄铁：horseshoe

烙印：brand

跑[赛]马场：(race) course; turf

大跑马场：park

马球场：polo field

赛马跑道：race track; racing strip

障碍赛马跑道：steeplechase course

8字形障碍赛跑道：figure-of-eight track

花式骑术赛场：arena for dressage competition

赛前鞍具着装场：paddock

准备活动区：warming-up area

出发门：(starting) gate

起跑位置：post position

起跑线：starting line

起跑屏障：barrier

起跑柱：starting post

终点线：finish line

终点柱：finish post

裁判台：judge box

标志旗：marking flag

骑手装备

骑装：jockey dress [suit]; riding costume

女骑装：riding habit

骑马裤：(riding) breeches; jodhpurs

轻便鸭舌帽：jockey cap

骑手手套：riding glove

长[防护]手套：gauntlet

马靴：riding [high] boot

马鞭：(riding) whip; horsewhip; crop

赛马鞭子：racing bat

饲养与调教

养马场：breeding farm

种马饲养场：stud(farm)

马房[厩]：stable

单间马房：stall; box

牲口棚：shed

草荐：litter

饲料：fodder; forage

饲槽：feed box; feeding trough

刷马：curry

马刷：body [horse] brush

兽医检查：veterinary examination

调教：break; school

未经调教的马：unbroken horse; bronco

经过调教的马：broken horse

调教场：lunge; longe

调教竿：rapping pole

halt：立定

pony：矮马

stallon ：公马

mare：母马

gelding：骟马

foal:马驹

colt：公驹

filly：母驹

siting trot：快步

rising trot：轻快步

Canter：跑步

袭步gollop   

後退rein back   

 姿势position   

白星white star   

教练员instructor

唇白snip    

细流星stripe   

广流星blaze   

比赛competition   

白脸white face   

鞍垫numnah  

蹄冠白ermine  

调教索lunge rein   

球节白sock   

马靴boots  

管白stocking   

马裤breeches   

表色马grey   

调教笼头cavesson     

场地骑乘working on the flat  

骝毛马bay   

场障碍jumping   

银鬃palomino   

盛装舞步dressage   

金栗chestnut   

斜换里怀chang the flat  

转一圈turn a circle   

兔褐dun   

脱蹬your feets out of the stirrups  

断流星snip and star   

蛇形骑乘serpentingloops   

项部poll   

马刺spurs   

冠状部颈上有鬃毛处crest   

鞭子whip 　   

耆甲withers　   

鞍具tack   

水勒bridle   

腰角lions   

马鞍saddle   

後腿（后三肌）quarters   

缰绳reins 

臀部croup   

衔铁bit  

马尾tail  

咽喉革throatlash   

唇（上、下）muzzli  

顶革headpiece   

肩point of shoulder   

额革browband  

胸brest   

颊革cheek piece

肘（前）elbow   

鼻革nose band   

前臂forearm   

膝knee

脚後跟向下   heels down   

球节（生距毛处）fetlock joint   

飞结chestnut   

半减却half halt   

胫部cannon bone     

蹄冠coronet   

内方inside   

蹄hoof  

外方outside  

腰腹部（肚带部位）girth

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