2013年12月： 段落翻译： 试卷一：中餐【真题原文】许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中nutrition感和营养（） 餐既味美又健康。
Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art. The 【翻译答案】vary and food ingredient delicious and good-looking. Although cooking well-prepared methods Chinese food is both
wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account.
Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and
accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy.
试卷二：信息技术，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚Technology)【真题原文】信息技术(Information
学生就应该学习传统对这一现象大家持不同观点。至将信息技术作为必修课程，一部分人认为这是没有必要的，的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好 事。
As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology, some 【翻译答案】college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views. Some people
think it is not necessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a need,
because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public
concern.
试卷三：茶文化是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，【真题原文】你要茶还是咖啡？）期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在dynastiesthe qing 中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清（）之一，茶是中国的beverage六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料（ 瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。
【翻译答案】Would you like tea or coffee? That's a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners
will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese
emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses
were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it
spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the
treasure of China but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.
试卷四：中国结
【真题原文】中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。10
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中国结,在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情，婚姻和团聚现在已经在中国和世界各地越来越这种形式的手工艺代代相传，常常作为礼物交换或作为饰品祈求好运和辟邪。 受欢迎。
continuous years of by the craftsmen. After hundreds of Chinese 【翻译答案】The knot was originally invented
people used it to record ，it has become a kind of elegant and colorful arts and crafts. In the ancient timesimprovement，but now it was used mainly for decorative purposes. In Chinese, the knot means love, marriage and reunion, the events，of spirits. This form luck and warding off evil exchange is often a jewelry used for gift or praying for good and
handicrafts pass down from generation to generation, and then it has become increasingly popular in China and around
the world.
英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国历史与文化Peking opera 京剧Qin opera 秦腔
Kungfo 功夫
Tai Chi
太极
ventriloquism 技 口puppet show 木偶戏
shadowplay 皮影戏
opera highlights 折子戏
acrobatics
杂技
witty dialogue comedy 相声
embroidery
刺绣
Suzhou embroidery 苏绣
clay figure 泥人
calligraphy
书法traditional Chinese painting 中国画Chinese brush painting 水墨画Chinese knot
中国结
the four great inventions of ancient China 中国古代四大发明
gunpowder 火药
printing
印刷术
paper-making 造纸术
the compass 指南针
bronze ware 青铜器porcelain; china
瓷器tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 唐三彩
cloisonne 景泰蓝
swing
秋千
martial arts
武术
Confucianism 儒家思想
Confucian culture 儒家文化
Taoism 道教Mohism
墨家
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Legalism 法家
Buddhism 佛教
Confucius 孔子
Mencius 孟子
Lao Tzu 老子
Chuang Tzu 庄子
Mo Tzu 墨子
Sun Tzu
孙子
pictographic characters
象形文字the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone) 文房四宝（笔墨纸观）The Great Learning
《大学》
The Doctrine of the Mean 《中庸》
The Analects of Confucius 《论语》
The Mencius
《孟子》
The Art of War 《孙子兵法》
Three Kingdoms 《三国演义》
Journey to the West
《西游爷己》
Dream of the Red Mansions 《红楼梦》
Heroes of the Marshes
《水浒传》
The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《山海经》
History as a Mirror
《资治通鉴》
The Spring and Autumn Annals 《春秋》
Historical Records 《史记》
The Book of Songs
《诗经》
The I Ching; The Book of Changes 《易经》
The Book of Rites
《礼记》
Three-character Scriptures 《三字经》
eight-part essay
八股文
five-character quatrain 五言绝句seven-character octave 七言律诗cheongsam
旗袍Chinese tunic suit 中山装Tang suit
唐装
Fengshui; geomantic omen 风水
Solar calendar 阳历
Lunar calendar 阴历
leap year 闰年
zodiac
十二生肖
the Spring Festival 春节the Lantern Festival
元宵节the Tomb-sweeping Day 清明节
the Dragon-boat Festival 端午节
the Mid-autumn Day 中秋节
the Double-ninth Day 重阳节the Double-seventh Day 七夕节
spring couplets 春联temple fair
庙会
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firecracker
爆竹traditional) New Year pictures 年画（
New Year gift-money 压岁钱
dragon dance
舞龙
sweet sticky rice dumplings 元宵
festival lantern 花灯
lantern riddle 灯谜
lion dance 舞狮
stilt walking 踩高跷
dragon boat race 赛龙舟
hutong
胡同Shandong cuisine 山东菜
Sichuan cuisine 川菜
Canton cuisine
粤菜
Yangzhou cuisine 扬州菜
moon cake 月饼rice cake
年糕deep-fried dough sticks 油条
soybean milk 豆浆steamed buns
馒头steamed twisted rolls 花卷
steamed stuffed buns 包子Beijing roast duck 北京烤鸭hand-stretched noodles 拉面
wonton (dumplings in soup) 馄饨tofu? bean curd 豆腐
fried dough twist 麻花
clay oven rolls
烧饼
100-year egg; century egg 皮蛋
fried rice with egg 蛋炒饭
tomatoes on sticks 糖葫芦
hot pot
火锅the Great Wall of China 长城
beacon tower
烽火台the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 秦士台皇陵
Terracotta Warriors and Horses 兵马俑Big Wild Goose Pagoda 大雁塔
the Silk Road
丝绸之路
Mogao Grottoes 敦煌莫高窟Huaqing Hot Springs 华清池
Wutai Mountain 五台山Jiuhua Mountain 九华山Mount Emei 蛾眉山Mount Tai
泰山
Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain 黄山the Imperial Palace 故宫the Temple of Heaven
天坛10
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Meridian Gate 午门Grand Canal 大运河the Moat 护城河
Echo Wall
回音壁Juyongguan Pass 居庸关
the Nine Dragon Wall
九龙壁the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 黄帝陵the Ming Tombs 十三陵
Suzhou gardens 苏州园林West Lake
西湖Jiuzhaigou Valley 九寨沟
Sun Moon Lake 日月潭Potala Palace 布达拉宫
drum tower
鼓楼quadrangle; courtyard complex 四合院Confucius Temple
孔庙Leshan Giant Buddha
乐山大佛
the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha 十八罗汉
Lama
喇嘛
英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国社会cultural pluralism 多元文化论
acculturation 文化适应
social security 社会保障
shuttle bus
班车
a relocated unit or household
相定迁户
single youth above the normal matrimonial age 大龄青年the only child in a family 独生子女single parent
单亲welfare lotteries
福利彩票
household management service 家政服务
migrant laborers 民工
celebrity
名人
surplus rural labor/laborers 农村剩余劳动力
puberty
青春期
nationwide fitness campaign 全民健身运动nationwide census 全国人口普查social insurance
社会保险
temporary residence permit/card 暂住证
juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪
sexual harassment 性骚扰smuggling
走私
gender/sexual discrimination * 性另歧视age discrimination
年龄歧视
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job discrimination 工作歧视
hedonism 享乐主义
illiteracy
文盲disparity between the rich and the poor 贫富分化
pirated/illegal copies
盗版
One Country, Two Systems 一国两制
the Three Represents Theory
三个代表
Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会（人大、政协）South-South Cooperation 南南合作
North-South Dialog
南北对话
s Congress Standing Committee People' 人大常委会
awareness of law
法制观念
a country with an adequate legal system 法制国家
reform and opening-up 改革开放
civil servants
公务员
the bureaucratic style of work 官僚主义作风
harmonious coexistence 和谐并存
family planning
计划生育
the basic state policy of family planning 计划生育基本国策
the construction of spiritual civilization 4青才申文明建设neighborhood committee
居委会national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国
sustainable development 可持续发展honesty and high efficiency 廉洁高效cross-straits relations 两岸关系
cross-straits negotiations 两岸谈判territorial integrity 土完整领
national spirit
民族精神
general election system
普选制
seek common ground while shelving differences 求同存异
NPC member
人大代表material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明
a well-off society 小康社会
a well-off standard
小康水平the one-China principle 一个中国原则
keep pace with the times 与时俱进overall national strength 综合国力
common desire 共同愿望
going global （战略） “走出去”non-alignment 不结盟
unilateralism 单边主义
multilateralism 多边政策multipolar world
多极世界aging of population 老龄化 口人
birth rate
人口出生率
community service 社区月服务court of ethics
道德法庭10
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embezzlement
盗用公款night school for adults 成人夜校
on-job training courses
在职进修班
political and ideological education
政治思想教育graduate placement; assignment of graduate 毕业生分酉己
s knowledge update one' 充电
elementary education 初等教育
college town
大学城
college community 大学社区
higher education
高等教育
for higher education ” the “211 Project高等教育“211 工程”
institution of higher education 高等学府
comprehensive university 综合性大学colleges of (liberal) arts
文科院校
college / university of science and engineering 理工科大学college; normal college teachers'师范学院high scores and low abilities
高分低能(university/college) entrance examination 高考
the college expansion plan 高校扩招education circle 教育界input in education
教育投入
nine-year compulsory education
九年义务教育take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 考研
extracurricular activities 课外活动
required/compulsory course 必修课
elective/optional course 选修课
basic courses
基础课
specialized courses 专业课
school schedule
课程表
teaching program; syllabus 教学大纲period of schooling 学习年限record of formal schooling 学历credit
学分
heuristic teaching 启发式教学
talent exchange
人才交流
competition for talented people
人才战
Business English Certificate (BEC)
商务英语证书enrollment rate for children of school age
适龄儿重入学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate
升学率
英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国经济aggregate demand 总需求aggregate supply
总供给
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corporate/entrepreneurial culture
企业文化corporate image (Cl); enterprise image 企业形象cross-national corporation
跨国公司enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 创业精神
foreign-funded enterprise 外资企业
head-hunter
猎头公司holiday economy 假日经济
human capital
人力资本
aerospace industry 航空和航天工业aircraft industry 飞机制造工业
electronic industry 电子工业
car industry 汽车制造工业
entertainment industry 娱乐业
information industry
信息产业
knowledge-intensive industry
知识密集型产业
large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 国有大中型企业light industry 轻工业lottery industry
博彩业manufacturing industry 制造业
monopoly industries 垄断行业
market diversification 市场多元化market economy 市场经济
market supervision 市场监管
purchasing power 购买力bear market 熊市
bull market 牛市
urbanization 城镇化
real estate 房地产
down-payment 首付
home owner
业主
individual housing loan 个人购房贷款
economic globalization 经济全球化
special economic zones (SEZ) 经济特区economic growth
经济增长tariff 关税 bubble economy 泡沫经济tax payer
纳税人macro economy
宏观经济
the size of money supply 货币投放量
excess liquidity 流动性过剩
overheated economy 经济过热
inflation
通货膨胀curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀
to inject liquidity 注入流动性discount rate
贴现率
reserve requirement ratio (RRR) 存款准备金率open market operation (OMO)
公开市场业务reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo
逆回购10
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to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 引导降低市场借贷成本prudent monetary policy 稳健的货币政策to fine-tune monetary policy 微调货币政策hard landing 硬着陆
soft landing
软着陆
Group of Twenty (G2O) 二十国集团
Finance Minister
财政部长the expected growth target for the whole year 全年预期经济增长目标
economic vitality
经济活力
a massive economic stimulus package 大规模经济刺激计划
structural reform 结构改革hard assets 硬资产soft assets
软资产tangible assets 有形资产economic corridor
经济走廊to rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序
antitrust; anti-monopoly 反垄断price fluctuations
定价浮动
to maximize profit 谋求利益最大化
audit of debt
债务审计
local government debt/liability
地方性政府债务
an overhaul of the public finance system 公共财政体制改革
debt management 债务管理credit support 信用支持
模拟题：
在明朝和清朝时千五百多年的历史，中国剪纸有_(paper cutting)剪纸是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。
剪纸被用来春节和婚庆期间，人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在 期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)特别流行。很受剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地 装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。 欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
参考译文s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has Paper cutting is one of China'Dynasties. Qing the Ming and years. It was widespread particularly during 1,500 history a of more than
wedding Festival and cuttings. During the Spring homes People often beautify their with paper
windows and rooms in order ，celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doorsto enhance the joyous atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which
symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is
often given as a present to foreign friends.
更好的治病方法。因为中医的效果和医治方 (Chinese medicine) 中医是世界医学的遗产。中医有比西方医学集了治疗不同疾病的 越来越流行了。中医起源于古代，巳经发展了很长一段时间，它收式，在世界上中医现在
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旦人的身体系统平衡，疾病就会消失。身体系统的损_各种方法。传统中医讲究人们身体系统的平衡。 这是说， 是疾病的根源。害
参考译文
Chinese medicine is a heritage of world medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine has a power to heal people better
than the western ones. China medicine now is more and more popular in the world due to its effect and its way to heal
collected has a long time and it people. Originated ，from the ancient timethe Chinese medicine has developed in
ous ways to treat different illness. The traditional Chinese medicine pays attention to the balance the body system vari?body The damage of illness the It is said that once system of people is in balance, the will disappear. the of people.
system is the source of disease.
国大熊猫主要生活在中国中西部和西南部，是(Giant Pandas),作为中国的国宝，被认为是活化石。中 大熊猫Panda 换句话说，中国大熊猫的故乡是四川。四川成都大熊猫繁育和研究中心(Chengdu 目前濒临灭绝的物种。
Breeding and Research Centre) 大熊猫的家，是市区附近最大的大熊猫基地。
Giant Pandas, regarded as a national treasure of China, are considered a living fossil. Chinese Pandas mainly lives
of In and is currently an endangered species. other words, the hometown Chinain central-western and southwest ，home of the Panda is the Chinese panda is Sichuan. And Chengdu Panda Breeding and Research Centre in Suchuan —
biggest panda base near the urban district.
6在中国，小学教育需要花费125年或年的时间来完成，分为小学、初中和高中三个阶段。小学教育持续％的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学和年。在初中阶段，大多数学生上3年制初中，极少数上4年制。几乎98学生要求在每学期未参加期年时间，在整个义务教育阶段，初中的9年教育属于义务教育。普通高中教育持续3 末考试。
参考译文In China, primary and secondary education takes 12 years to complete, divided into primary, junior secondary and
senior secondary stages. Primary education lasts either five or six years. At junior secondary stage, most have three-year
schooling with any part of four-year. Almost 98 percent of students are enrolled in the former schools. The nine-year
schooling in primary and junior secondary schools belongs to compulsory education. General senior secondary education
final to take required students compulsory process the three lasts for years. Throughout whole of education, are
examinations at the end of each semester.
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