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新广州版英语初二上U4 inventions教案

发布时间：2013-10-23 17:17:59 来源：文档文库

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U4 inventions

一．学科特色：

HALLOWEEN万圣节

万圣节（HALLOWEEN）为每年的10月31日，源自古代凯尔特民族(Celtic)的新年节庆，此时也是祭祀亡魂的时刻，在避免恶灵干扰的同时，也以食物祭拜祖灵及善灵以祈平安渡过严冬，是西方传统节日。当晚小孩会穿上化妆服，戴上面具，挨家挨户收集糖果。主要流行于英语世界，如不列颠群岛和北美，其次是澳大利亚和新西兰。现在，一些亚洲国家的年轻一辈，也开始倾向于过“洋节”，到了万圣节前夕，一些大型外资超市都会摆出专柜卖万圣节的玩具，小商贩也会出售一些跟万圣节相关的玩偶或模型，吸引了年轻人的眼光。

“Trick or treat”

这习俗却并非源自爱尔兰，而是始于公元九世纪的欧洲基督教会。那时的11月2日，被基督徒们称为 “ALL SOULS DAY”（万灵之日）。在这一天，信徒们跋涉于僻壤乡间，挨村挨户乞讨用面粉及葡萄干制成的“灵魂之饼”。据说捐赠糕饼的人家都相信教会僧人的祈祷，期待由此得到上帝的佑护，让死去的亲人早日进入天堂。这种挨家乞讨的传统传至当今竟演变成了孩子们提着南瓜灯笼挨家讨糖吃的游戏。见面时，打扮成鬼精灵模样的孩子们千篇一律地都要发出“不请吃就捣乱”的威胁，而主人自然不敢怠慢，连声说“请吃！请吃！”同时把糖果放进孩子们随身携带的大口袋里。

二．回顾测评：

Mark lived in a village far away. One day he became very ill and everyone thought he would 1 soon. They sent for a doctor. Two days 2 the doctor came and looked over the sick man. 3 asked for a pen and some paper to write down the name of the medicine. But there was no pen 4 paper in the village, because no one could write.

The doctor 5 up a piece of burnt wood from the fire and wrote the name of the medicine on the 6 of the house. “ Get this medicine for him.” he said, “and he will soon get 7 .” Mark’s family and friends did not know 8 to do. They could not read the strange words. Then a young man 9 an idea. He took off the door of the house, put it on his carriage(马车) and drove to the nearest 10 . He bought the medicine there, and Mark was soon well again.

( )1.A. wake B.cry C.moved D.die

( )2.A. late B.later C.ago D.before

( )3A. The sick man B.Mark C.The doctor D.The farmer

( )4.A.and B.or C.then D.also

( )5.A.picked B.held C.made D.looked

( )6.A.wall B.window C.ground D.door

( )7.A.well B.worse C.bad D.good

( )8.A.when B.what C.where D.whick

( )9.A.thought B.hit C.caught D.had

( )10. A.shop B.farm C.hospital D.village

答案：1 DBCBADABDC

三．内容呈现：

1. 教学重点：能熟练运用U4的短语，并熟记U4单词的拼写和意思。

2. 教学难点：掌握比较级和最高级的用法。

3. 教学内容：

(1) 课内知识：

1、advertisement 广告 ad 缩写

Miss White recently placed an in the local newspaper.

怀特小姐最近在当地报纸上刊登了一则广告。

2、funny 可笑的；滑稽的 adj

You’re an extremely funny man. 你是一个非常滑稽的人。

*区分fun 与 funny

1）fun 与 funny都是形容词。

2）fun 有趣的；令人愉快的。近义词：interesting。

Jane is . 简是一个很有意思的人。

3）funny 滑稽的、古怪的。

Jane is . 简是一个很滑稽的人。

3、create 创作；创造 v

拓展： creation 创造 n

creator 创造者 n

creative 有创造力的adj

creativity 创造力 n

4、telephone 电话 n 给……打电话v

I felt so bad that I Owen to say I was sorry.

我心里实在难受，于是打电话给欧文向他道歉。

5、wheel 车轮；轮子n

His favourite toy is a dog on the . 他最喜爱的玩具是一只带轮子的狗。

6、comfortable 舒适的 adj

comfortably 舒适地 adv

uncomfortable 使人不舒服的 adj

A home should be and friendly. 家应该让人感觉到舒适、亲切的。

7、carriage 四轮马车 n

The President follow in an open . 总统乘坐一辆敞篷马车紧随其后。

8、century 世纪 n

in the early 19th century = at the start of the 19th century. 在19世纪初

in the late 19th century = at the end of the 19th century. 在19世纪末

He was the most famous writer in 19th . 他是19世纪最著名的作家。

9、passenger 乘客 n

All passengers must arrive at the airport two hours before the departure time.

所有乘客都必须在飞机起飞两个小时抵达机场。

10、invent 发明 v

发明家 n ：发明 n ：

11、practical 有用的 adj

Our clothes are lightweight, fashionable and for holidays.

我们的服装轻便、时尚，并且很适合度假穿。

拓展：practice 练习 n practise 练习 v

12、since 从……以后 prep （常用于现在完成时，表示“从过去某个时间点到现在为止。）

I haven’t seen him last Tuesday.

我从上周二开始就没有见过他。

13、distance 距离 n over long distances 远距离

It’s no . = It’s no far. 路不远。

14、mobile phone 手机 n （简称 mobile 或 cellphone）

15、lamp 灯 n candle 蜡烛 n bright 明亮的adj

turn off 关灯 turn on 开灯

16、daytime 白天；日间

in the daytime 在日间；在白天

17、anytime 在任何时候 adv（前面一般不加介词）

The college accepts students during the year. 该学院一年中随时招生。

18、develop v 开发、研发（与invent发明不同，是在原有基础上进一步提高、改进）

Edison the first light bulb. 爱迪生发明了第一只灯泡。

拓展：development 发展 n developed 发达的 adj developing 发展中的 adj

发达国家：a country 发展中国家：a country

19、help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事

I his wallet. 我帮助他找到了钱包。

20、live a/an …life 过着……的生活

过更美好的生活：

21、speak to sb 同……人说话

speak to each other 互相通话

别和陌生人说话：

22、across the world 全世界近义词：all over the world ; throughout the world

23、allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事

他们允许孩子们去公园：

24、keep in touch （with） sb 与……保持联系（当联系对象明确时，with可以省略）

Do you still keep in touch with your parents regularly after you leave them?

你离开父母以后还经常与他们保持联系吗？

Keep in touch. 要保持联系。

25、With sunlight, air and water, we can be alive on Earth. 有了阳光、空气和水，我们才能在地球上生存。

with 有 without 没有

26、imagine doing 想象做……

I can’t imagine (walk) all the way to the North Pole. 我无法想象如何一路走到北极去。

27、in a short time 在短时间内

top speed 最高速度

Grammar

大部分形容词的比较级和最高级是通过变化词尾来实现的，属于规则变化，但也有少数是不规则变化。

1. 比较级和最高级的构成

（1）规则变化

单音节和少数双音节形容词规则变化如下：

注：

1 双写形容词词尾字母加-er，-est的常用形容词归纳如下：

big fat glad hot red thin

2 变词尾字母y为i再加-er，-est的常用形容词归纳如下：

angry busy dirty early happy hungry lazy lonely lucky noisy unhappy

（2）不规则变化

原级比较级最高级

good better best

bad worse worst

little less least

much/many more most

far farther/further farthest/furthest

old older/elder oldest/eldest

2. 原级、比较级的用法

（1）两者程度相同的比较

① as+ adj.原级+as …和…一样…

② 否定句中，用not as……as或者not so ……as 不及……

3 若第一个as后的adj.作定语修饰n.，应将该n.及有关修饰语都放在第一个as之后

My sister doesn’t make as much money as my brother does.

（2）高于或低于另一方的比较

比较级+than

（3）两者程度不同的其他形式

more than (多于)， not more than (不多于)， less than (少于)

not less than （不少于）， less adj.+ than

（4）比较级+and+比较级 “越来越……”

（5） the+比较级……，the +比较级…… “越……，（就）越……”

注意：比较级的修饰语

much, even 甚至, (by) far 大大地, a little 有点, a bit 有点, still, yet, a lot 很, a great deal 大大地, twice, five times, many times, two-fifths, 20%

3. 最高级的用法

（1）最高级是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比较方式。此时运用adj.的最高级，句式为：

the+ adj.最高级+n.+表示范围的短语或从句（in/of+范围）

如：Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her class.

Jim is the thinnest of the three boys.

特别注意：

介词in和of引导的短语用于比较结构时所表达的范围有所不同：

如果在一定的地域空间内进行比较用in

如果是在同一类事物范围内进行比较用of

（2） “最……“的其他表达方法

1 运用比较级表达最高级概念

Ann is taller than any other girl in her class.

Ann is taller than the other girl in her class.

Ann is taller than the rest of girl in her class.

2 否定句中用“a/an+比较级”表示最高级概念

I have never read a better book than this.

注: 最高级的修饰语

序数词，（by）far，nearly 几乎，almost 几乎

Africa is the second largest continent.

Of all the students, Amy’s writing is almost the best.

Yaoming is by far the most active member in their team.

语法专练

一、写出下列词语的比较级和最高级

1. good____________ _____________ 2. well _____________ ________________

3. bad____________ ______________ 4.badly______________ _______________

5. far _____________ _____________ 6. little _______________ _______________

7. many ___________ _____________

二、单项选择

( )1. You must eat ________ meat and take _______ exercise if you want to be healthier.

A. less, less B. more, more C. less, more D. more, less

( )2. –Who did it just ________ Nancy? -I think Susan did just _______ Nancy.

A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. more badly than

( )3. _________ animals are in danger and there will be ________ space for them if we don’t protect them.

A. More and more, more and more B. Less and less, less and less

C. More and more, less and less D. Less and less, more and more

( )4. Guangzhou is ________ Beijing.

A. as not large as B. not as large as C. as not larger as D. not as larger as

( )5.-Which do you want to choose? -If I had to choose, the larger one would be _____ choice.

A. good B. better C. the better D. the best

( )6. John jumped ________ of all, so he won the game.

A. far B. farther C. the farthest D. farer

三、完成句子

1. 我的电脑不如你的贵重。

My computer is __________ ___________ ____________ ___________ yours.

2.医生对他说：“你要尽可能地多喝水。”

“Drink __________ ___________ __________ ___________ you can,” the doctor said to him.

3. 这本书和那本书一样有趣。

This book is ___________ ___________ ___________ that one.

4.我们种树越多，我们的环境就变得越好。

__________ __________ trees we plant, ____________ ___________ our environment will be.

5. 我的书你想要借多久就多久。

You can keep my book ___________ ___________ ___________ you like.

(2) 初考题/中考题/高考题链接：

Unit 4 单元测验

一、单项选择

1. I’m fourteen. My friends is sixteen. Son I’m _________ him.

A. as old as B. not younger than C. not so young as D. two years younger than

2. The experts think India’s population may be __________ than China’s by 2020.

A. more B. less C. larger D. small

3. It’s __________ to teach a man fishing than to give him fish.

A. more B. better C. good D. best

4. Tom is terribly ill. We’d better send him to hospital as __________ as we can.

A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. easily

5. It is raining. So I have to read at home instead of __________.

A. playing outside B. play outside C. to play outside D. played outside

6. I do __________ in physics of all the subjects.

A. badly B. most badly C. worse D. worst

7. –Which dress do you prefer, the blue one or the pink one?

–The pink one. It feels __________.

A. comfortable B. as comfortable C. more comfortable D. most comfortable

8. We brought some flowers __________ a comfortable house.

A. create B. created C. to create D. creating

9. Your invention is not __________. It is not useful for people.

A. funny B. comfortable C. popular D. practical

10. –Thank you so much for the book you sent me.

–__________.

A. No, thanks B. I’m glad you like it.

C. Please don’t say so. D. No, it is not so.

二、语法选择

There are popular programs about the work of the police on TV. People like them because they are ___1___ and useful.

In London there’s a TV program ____2___ Police Five. It last for five months ___3____ a week. A TV reporter talks about crime (犯罪) in London. He asked people ____4____ information.

During the program the TV reporter shows pictures of ____5___ paintings, lost cars, lost bikes, lost wallets and ____6___ lost things. When people see pictures of ____7____ things on TV, they may recall (回想起) something. If they see someone ____8____ something bad, they can tell the police about it. With their ____9___, the police may catch more thieves.

Sometimes the police finds ____10___ car or something expensive that has been lost, and the TV reporter shows it on TV. Then the public may see it and can get it back.

( )1.A.interest B.interests C.interested D.interesting

( )2. A.call B. calls C.called D.calling

( )3. A. one B.once C. one time D.first

( )4. A.to B.on C.of D.for

( )5. A. lost B. losing C. lose D.to lose

( )6. A.some B.another C.other D.others

( )7. A.so B.such C.such a D.so a

( )8. A.do B.to do C.does D.did

( )9. A.help B.helps C.helping D.helpings

( )10. A.an B.a C.the D./

三、完形填空

Thomas, a businessman, arrives in a foreign airport. He doesn’t ___1___ his passport. Instead, a machine in the wall reads the computer chip in his arm. This has the ___2___ about him: his name, age, and ID number. He exits the airport, and a car ___3___ opens. When it “sees” him. The car takes him to the ____4___. His room “knows” he has entered the hotel and “reads” his body. He is cold, so the room becomes ___5____. When he goes to bed, the room plays music to help him sleep. It ____6___ the music when it “sees” him asleep.

____7____ , this machine doesn’t exist. But it might be ____8___ soon. In five to ten years, computing and communications are going to be ____9___ and everywhere, in your walls, in your car, on your body. Scientists has this big idea: to create (创造) better relationship between machines and people. The dream is that computers ____10___ will learn to understand what people want.

( )1.A.give B.show C.get D.look

( )2. A.news B. things C.meaasge D.information

( )3. A. window B.door C. curtain D.light

( )4. A.hotel B.school C.hospital D.company

( )5. A. hotter B. cooler C. colder D.warmer

( )6. A.gets off B.goes off C.turns off D.takes off

( )7. A.In surprise B.At first C.In addition D.In fact

( )8. A.great B.new C.real D.false

( )9. A.expensive B.helps C. lively D.free

( )10. A.finally B.usually C.never D.always

四、写作运用

第一节单词拼写

1. Can you tell me who i_________ the telephone?

2. The l___________ was set on my desk for me to study at night.

3. We have quite a long d___________ to walk.

4. Did you realize something s___________ of him?

5. Do you like watching TV a___________?

第二节完成句子

6. 我怎样才能和你保持联系？

How can I _________ ___________ __________ ___________ you.

7. 他们一边工作一边学习。

They work and study __________ ___________ ____________ ____________.

8. 在20世纪初，汽车变得流行起来。

__________ __________ __________ __________ ____________, cars became popular.

9. 你可以想象得到没有电的生活吗？

Can you ____________ __________ ____________ electricity.

10. 让孩子远离火。否则，太危险了。

____________ the children ___________ fire. Or, it will be too dangerous.

五、阅读理解

A

Long long ago, there were only a few thousand people in the world. These people moved from place to place over the land, hunting animals for food.

No one knows how or when these people learned about growing food. But when they did, their lives changed. They did not have to look for food any more. They could stay in one place and grow it.

People began to live near one another. And so the first village grew. Many people came to work in the villages. These villages grew very big. When machines appeared, life in the villages changed again. Factories were built. More and more people lived near the factories. The villages grew vey big. And cities came into being.

Today some people are moving back to small towns. Can you tell why?

1. The best title of the passage should be __________.

A. Cities or Villages B. Back to Town

C. How Cities Grew D. People and Animals

2. The underline word “They” in the second paragraph refers to (指的是) __________.

A. villages B. animals C. cities D. people

3. When factories were built, ____________

A. more people lived near the factories B. people began to live in the factories

C. many people began to work in villages D. many machines appeared in big factories

4. We can learn from the passage that ___________

A. people like to work only in big cities B. some people don’t like to live in big cities

C. there will be no small towns in the future D. it is better to live in cities than in village

5. In what order did people do the following things?

a. Worked in villages. b. Lived near the factories. c. Learned to grow food.

c. Built factories. d. Began to live near each other.

A. d, b, a, e, c B. e, a, c, d, b C. c, e, a, d, b D. a, c, d, e, b

B

The first robots were invented in the 1920s. Robots have been in many American films. In some films, they are strong, faster and cleverer than people. In real life, robots are mainly used in factories. They do some dangerous and difficult jobs for humans.

Robots also helped disabled people, for example, blind people. Today many blind people have a guide(向导) dog to help them. In the future, guide dogs might be robot dogs. One kind of robot guide dog has wheels. It moves in front of the owner. It is very clever. It knows how fast its owner walks. The owner wears a special belt (带子). This belt sends instructions to the owner from the dog, such as “Stop here” “Turn left” and “Turn right”.

Robots are also used in American hospitals. They can do simple jobs. In one hospital, for example, a robot takes meals from the kitchen to patients’ room. It never gets lost because this robot has a map of the hospital in its electronic brain.

Through robots can help people in many different ways, they will take the place of humans.

1. From the passage, we know robots cannot be _________.

A. factory workers B. dangerous animals C. guide dogs D. hospital helpers

2. The underline word “disable” in Paragraph 2 means “__________”

A. 不能的 B. 有害的 C. 失灵的 D. 残疾的

3. A robot guide dog __________.

A. carries a map when it walks B. walks side by side with blind people

C. goes in front of blind people D. do dangerous jobs

4. Some disabled people need robots’ help to __________.

A. take care of themselves B. talk to other people

C. become scientists D. do dangerous jobs

5. In the passage, the writer wants to tell us that ____________.

A. robots are stronger and cleverer than humans

B. disabled people cannot look after themselves without the robots

C. robots can help humans in many different ways

D. robots will take the place of humans in the future

C

The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means(通讯设备). Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.

The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. In the past, when the land was used up, or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.

Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.

Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal (煤) in the houses and factories in the city, and from letting dirty smoke into the air.

The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time.

1. Our world is becoming much smaller __________.

A. because the earth is being polluted day and night

B. because of the science development

C. because of the rise in population

D. because the earth is blown away by the every year

2. Thousands of years ago, life was _________ it is today.

A. much easier than B. as easy as

C. as hard as D. much harder than

3. The underline word “it” in Paragraph 1 means _________.

A. water pollution B. air pollution

C. noise pollution D. rubbish

4. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because ___________.