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NO3.2-

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1 There are simply no ---- for buying stock in certain industries since rapidly changing environmental restrictions will make a profitable return on any investment very unlikely.
A incentives B arrangements C explanations D conditions E procedures
2 He was widely regarded as a ---- man because he revealed daily his distrust of human nature and human motives.
A disrespectful B cynical C confused D misinformed E fanatical
3 Suspicious of too powerful a President, Americans nonetheless are ---- when a President does not act decisively.
A unified B indifferent C content D uneasy E adamant
4 For those Puritans who believed that ---- obligations were imposed by divine will, the correct course of action was not withdrawal from the world but conscientious ---- of the duties of business.
A practical.. mystification B inherent.. manipulation C secular.. discharge D earthly.. disavowal E trying.. moderation

1
5 Many philosophers agree that the verbal aggression of profanity in certain radical newspapers is not ---- or childish, but an assault on ---- essential to the revolutionaries purpose.
A belligerent.. fallibility B serious.. propriety C insolent.. sociability D deliberate.. affectation E trivial.. decorum
6 Plants store a ---- of water in their leaves, stems, or understock to provide themselves with a form of ---- that will carry them through the inevitable drought they must suffer in the wild.
A supply.. tolerance B hoard.. insurance C reservoir.. accommodation D provision.. restoration E contribution.. support
7 Although ---- in her own responses to the plays she reviewed, the theatre critic was, paradoxically, ---- those who would deny that a reviewer must have a single method of interpretation.
A dogmatic.. impatient with B eclectic.. suspicious of C partisan.. hostile toward D capricious.. intrigued by E indulgent.. indebted by
8 ANESTHETIC: NUMBNESS::
A meditation: happiness B antibiotic: illness C food: hunger D fear: alertness E intoxicant: drunkenness
9 DRUMMER: MUSICIAN:

2
A tragedian: actor B prop: stage C comedienne: audience D camera: movie E hero: drama
10 ARCHIVE: MANUSCRIPT::
A jail: custodian B school: principal C courtyard: fountain D arsenal: weapon E treasury: vault
11 RAMPART: INVASION::
A cellar: tornado B tinder: fire C plough: snowdrift D levee: flood E ration: drought
12 RETICENT: TALK:
A bland: savor B probable: guess C cranky: whine D contumacious: rebel E abstemious: gorge
13 MENTOR: GUIDANCE::
A oracle: prophecy B pundit: diplomacy C sage: criticism D prodigy: youth E scholar: wisdom
14 LIGNEOUS：WOOD::
A osseous: bone B igneous: rock C cellular: microbe D fossilized: plant
3
E nautical: water
15 IRREVOCABLE: REPEAL::
A uncharted: survey B unwieldy: lift C inscrutable: mention D immutable: anchor E ineluctable: avoid
16 LITERATE: ERUDITE::
A garrulous: loquacious B abstruse: recondite C prosaic: subtle D sober: informed E agitated: frenetic

The making of classifications be literary historians can be a somewhat risky enterprise. When Black poets are discussed separately as a group, (5 for instance, the extent to which their work reflects the development of poetry in general should not be forgotten, or a distortion of literary history may result. This caution (10 is particularly relevant in an assessment of the differences between Black poets at the turn of the century (1900-1909 and those of the generation of the 1920's. These (15 differences include the bolder and more forthright speech of the later generation and its technical
inventiveness. It should be remembered, though, that comparable (20 differences also existed for similar
generations of White poets. When poets of the 1910's and 1920's are considered together, however, the distinctions that literary historians (25 might make between "conservative"
and "experimental' would be of little
4
significance in a discussion of Black poets, although these remain helpful classifications for White poets of (30 these decades. Certainly differences can be noted between "conservative" Black poets such as Countee Cullen and Claude McKay and "experimental" one such as Jean loomer and Langston (35 Hughes. But Black poets were not battling over old or new styles; rather, one accomplished Black poet was ready to welcome another, whatever his her style, for what (40 mattered was racial pride.
However, in the 1920's Black poets did debate whether they should deal
with specifically racial subjects. They asked whether they should only (45 write about Black experience for a Black audience or whether such demands were restrictive. It may be said, though, that virtually all these poets wrote their best poems when they spoke (50 out of racial feeling, race being, as James Weldon Johnson rightly put in. "perforce the thing the Negro poet
knows best" At the turn of the century, by (55 contrast, most Black poets generally wrote in the conventional manner of the age and expressed noble, if vague, emotions in their poetry. These poets were not unusually (60 gifted, though Boscoe Jamison and G, M, McClellen may be mentioned as exceptions. They chose not to write in dialect, which, as Sterling Brown bas suggested, "meant a rejection of (65 stereotypes of Negro life," and they refused to write only about racial subjects. This refusal had both a positive and a negative consequence. As Brown observes. "Valuably insisting (70 that Negro poets should not be
5
confined to is " sues of race, these poets committed [an] error… they refused to look into their hearts and write." These are important insights, (75 but one must stress that this refusal to look within was also typical of most White poets of the United States at the time. They, too often turned from their own experience and (80 consequently produced not very memorable poems about vague topics, such as the peace of nature.
17 According to the passage, most turn-of-the-century Black poets generally did which of the following? A Wrote in ways that did not challenge accepted literary practice. B Described scenes from their own lives. C Aroused patriotic feelings by expressing devotion to the land. D Expressed complex feeling in the words of ordinary people. E Interpreted the frustrations of Blacks to an audience of Whites.
18 According to the passage, an issue facing Black poets in the 1920's was whether they should A seek a consensus on new techniques of poetry B write exclusively about and for Blacks C withdraw their support from a repressive society D turn away from social questions to recollect the tranquillity of nature E identify themselves with an international movement of Black writers
19 It can be inferred from the passage that classifying a poet as either conservative or experimental would
6
be of "little significance" (lines 26-27 when discussing Black poets of the 1910's and the 1920's because A these poets wrote in very similar styles B these poets all wrote about nature in the same way C these poets were fundamentally united by a sense of racial achievement despite differences in poetic style. D such a method of classification would fail to take account of the influence of general poetic practice E such a method of classification would be relevant only in a discussion of poet's separated in time by more than three decades
20 The author quotes Sterling Brown in line 63 in order to A present an interpretation of some Black poets that contradicts the author's own assertion about their acceptance of various poetic styles B Introduce a distinction between Black poets who used dialect and White poets who did not C disprove James Weldon Johnson's claim that race is what "the Negro poet knows best " D suggest what were the effects of some Black poets decision not to write only about racial subjects E prove that Black poets at the turn of the century wrote less conventionally than did their White counterparts
21 It can be inferred from the passage that the author finds the work of the majority of the Black poets at the turn of the century to be A unexciting B calming C confusing
7
D delightful E inspiring
22 The author would be most likely to agree that poets tend to produce better poems when they A express a love of nature B declaim noble emotions
C avoid technical questions about style' D emulate the best work of their predecessors E write from personal experience
23 Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author toward classification as a technique in literary history? A Enthusiastic B Indifferent C Wary D Derisive E Defensive
" The primary method previously used by paleontologists to estimate climatic changes that occurred during Pleistocene glacial cycles was the (5 determination of 18/O16/O ratios in calcareous fossils. However, because this ratio is influenced by a number of factors, the absolute magnitude of the temperature difference between (10 Pleistocene glacial and interglacial cycles could not be unequivocally ascertained. For example, both temperature fluctuations and isotopic
changes in seawater affect the (15 18O/16O ratio. And. since both factors influence the ratio in the same direction, the contribution of each to the 18O/16O ratio cannot be
determined. (20
Fortunately, recent studies indicate
8
that the racemization reaction of amino acids can be used to determine more accurately temperatures that occurred during Pleistocene glacial (25 cycles. Only L-amino acids are usually found in the proteins of living organisms, but over long periods of geological time these acids undergo racemization, producing D-amino acids, (30 which are not found in proteins. This reaction depends on both time and temperature thus, if one variable is known, the reaction can be used to
calculate the other.
24 It can be inferred from the passage that determination of the temperatures mentioned in line 18 through 18O/16O ratios and determination through racemization reactions both require which of the following? A Calcium deposits known to be from Pleistocene seas B Proteins containing both L-amino acids and D-amino acids C Glacial debris from both before and after the Pleistocene period D Fossil material from organisms living during the Pleistocene period E Proteins containing both amino acids and 18O
25 The passage suggests that the 18O/ 16O/ ratio A determine the 18O/ 16O ratio in living animals as well as in fossil remains B locate a greater number of calcareous fossils from the Pleistocene glacial and interglacial cycles C locate the factors other than temperature fluctuations and isotopic changes in seawater that affect the 18O/16O ratio D arrive at more exact determinations of which amino acids are found in the
9
proteins of living organisms E isolate the relative effects of temperature fluctuations and isotopic changes in seawater on 18O/16O ratios
26 The information in the passage can be used to answer which of the following questions? Ⅰ Do temperature variations and isotopic changes in seawater cause the 18O/16O ratio to shift in the same direction? Ⅱ What are the methods used to determine the18 O/16O ratio? Ⅲ Is the study of raceminzation reactions useful in estimating climatic changes that occurred during Pleistocene glacial cycles if only one of the two important variables is known? A Ⅰonly B Ⅰand Ⅱ only C Ⅰand Ⅲ only D Ⅱand Ⅲ only E Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ

———————————————————————— 答案：(C
27 According to the passage, before the recent experiments described in the passage were completed, scientists could A determine temperatures only for Pleistocene seas B determine temperatures that occurred during Pleistocene glacial cycles only by examining fossil remains C measure changes in temperatures that occurred during Pleistocene glacial cycles with only questionable accuracy D only partially identify factors tending to lower Pleistocene temperatures E accurately determine temperatures only for land masses affected by glaciating

10
28 VULNERABLE:
A empty B sullen C modest D safe E severe
29 DECREPIT:
A popular B sturdy C sterile D partially complete E sketchily detailed
30 BALM:
A irritant B imperfection C dizzying sensation D burdensome task E extraordinary substance
31 INSOLVENCY:
A ability to pay one's debts B ability to sustain growth C concentration D coherence E compatibility
32 HONE: A shorten B blunt C fuse D bend E delay
33 SINUOUS:
A vacant B direct
11
C wet D round E numerous
34 EVINCE: A perturb B incriminate C forbid D subjugate E conceal
35 EPHEMERAL: A garish B harsh C enduring D grasping E stubborn
36 INSALUBRITY:
A neatness B sobriety C confidence D healthfulness E satisfaction
37 TRUCULENCE:
A benevolence B exigence C exuberance D protuberance E perseverance
38 TURPITUDE:
A probity B determinedness C pragmatism D animation E judiciousness

12
1 Faraday does not ---- any particular theory; she believes that each theory increases our understanding of some dreams but that no single theory can ---- them all.
A endorse.. explain B discuss.. simplify C mention.. replace D evaluate.. identify E criticize.. eradicate
2 Although his outnumbered troops fought bravely, the general felt he had no choice but to ---- defeat and ---- a retreat.
A hasten.. suggest B seek.. try C oversee.. reject D overcome.. request E acknowledge.. order
3 Despite some allowances for occupational mobility, the normal expectation of seventeenth- century English society was that the child's vocation would develop along familial lines; ---- the career of one's parents was therefore ----.
A disagreement with .. forbidden B divergence from .. limited C preparation for .. difficult D reliance on .. unanticipated E assumption of .. premature
4 The little-known but rapidly expanding use of computers in mapmaking is technologically similar to the more ---- uses in designing everything from bolts to satellites.
A recent B impromptu C publicized D ingenuous E secure

13
5 The impact of a recently published collection of essays, written during and about the last presidential campaign, is lessened by its timing; it comes too late to affect us with its ---- and too soon for us to read it out of historical----.
A foresight.. anxiety B research .. consistency C assuredness.. skepticism D immediacy.. curiosity E veracity.. respect
6 It would be misleading to use a published play to generalize about fifteenth-century drama: the very fact of publication should serve as a ---- of the play's ---- character.
A qualification.. unusual B manifestation.. unsophisticated C restatement.. untraditional D warning.. unrepresentative E demonstration.. unliterary
7 The Neoplatonists' conception of a deity, in which perfection was measured by abundant fecundity, was contradicted by that of the Aristotelians, in which perfection was displayed in the ---- of creation.
A profusion B precision C variety D clarity E economy
8 TUITION: INSTRUCTION::
A salary: increment B fare: transportation C ransom: imprisonment D collateral: mortgage E stipend: charity

14
9 ARBITRATOR: DISPUTANTS::
A salesperson: clients B waiter: chefs C commander: adjutants D judge: litigants E artist: critics
10 ARBORETUM: TREES::
A zoo: range B greenhouse: garden C aviary: birds D grove: forest E museum: painters
11 WINNOW: WHEAT::
A refine: oil B burn: coal C grind: flour D bake: bread E mow: grass
12 IDYLL: CAREFREE::
A ordeal: difficult B lark: regrettable C interlude: nostalgic D trial: tragic E respite: spontaneous
13 RELAPSE: CONVALESCENCE::
A repetition: monotony B impasse: debate C dissonance: harmony D recidivism: rehabilitation E feudalism: industrialization
14 ANACHRONISM: CHRONOLOGY::
A fallacy: logic B tradition: custom
15
C debauchery: appetites D archetype: paradigm E variations: incongruity
15 DEFAULT: PAY::
A evict: reside B slouch: stand C yield: resist D sue: convict E argue: win
16 FIRM: INTRANSIGENT::
A vague: inattentive B faithful: resolute C malleable: tractable D concerned: obsessed E improvident: industrious
Chimps and children, gulls and Greeks—the ethnologists to their merry way, comparing bits of human cultural behavior with bits of (5 genetically programmed animal behavior. True, humans are animals; they share certain anatomical features
with other animals, and some items of human behavior may seem analogous (10 to the behavior of other animal But such analogies can seriously mislead if we fail to look at the context of a particular item of behavior. Thus one ethnologist compares the presentation (15 of a twig by a cormorant with gift-giving in humans. Yet the cormorant's twig-presentation simply inhibits attack and is comparable to other appeasement rituals found in (20 many species. Human gift-giving differs in form and purpose not only from culture to culture. but within the same culture in various social
contexts Everything significant about
16
(25 it derives from its social context. Thus, ethnologists can accomplish little—beyond reminding us that we are animals—until they study humans as cultural beings.
17 The author is primarily concerned with A demonstrating the usefulness of ethnology in discovering the behavioral limits within which humans operate B objecting to the degradation of humanity implicit in the ethnologists' equation of humans and animals C pointing out the dangers inherent in comparing highly dissimilar species, such as humans and cormorants, rather than similar ones, such as humans and apes D refuting the idea that the appeasement rituals in human cultural behavior can be profitably subjected to ethnological analysis E arguing that the ethologists' assumption that human behavior can be straight- forwardly compared with animal behavior is invalid
18 The author believes that gift-giving in humans A is instinctive behavior B is analogous to appeasement rituals in other animals C is not an appropriate subject of study for ethologists D must be considered within its social context to be properly understood E may be a cultural remnant of behavior originally designed to inhibit attack
19 The author's attitude toward contemporary ethologists can best be described as A puzzled
17
B conciliatory C defensive D amused E disparaging
20 Which of the following statements from a report on a cross-cultural study of gift-giving would, if true, most strongly support the author's assertions concerning human gift-giving? A In every culture studied, it was found that some forms of gift-giving are acts of aggression that place the receiver under obligation to the giver. B Most governmental taxation systems differentiate between gifts of property given to children during a parent's lifetime, and a child's inheritance of the same property from a parent dying without a will. C Some gift-giving customs have analogous forms in nearly every culture, as in the almost universal custom of welcoming strangers with gifts of food. D In North America, generally speaking, money is an acceptable holiday gift to one's letter carrier or garbage collector, but is often considered an insult if given to one's employer, friends, or relatives. E Some gifts, being conciliatory in nature, indicate by their costliness the degree of hostility they must appease in the recipient.

Few areas of neurobehavioral research seemed more promising in the early sixties than that investigating
the relationship between protein (5 synthesis and learning. The conceptual
framework for this research was
18
derived directly from molecular biology, which had shown that genetic information is stored in nucleic acids (10 and expressed in proteins. Why not acquired information as well? The first step toward establishing a connection between protein synthesis
and learning seemed to be to block (15 memory (cause amnesia by interrupting the production of proteins. We were fortunate in finding a nonlethal dosage of puromycin that could, it first appeared, thoroughly inhibit (20 brain protein synthesis as well as
reliably produce amnesia. Before the actual connection between protein synthesis and learning could be established, however, we began to (25 have doubts about whether inhibition of protein synthesis was in fact the method by which puromycin produced
amnesia. First other drugs, glutarimides—themselves potent (30 protein-synthesis inhibitors—either failed to cause amnesia in some situations where it could easily be induced by puromycin or produced an amnesia with a different time course (35 from that of puromycin. Second puromycin was found to inhibit protein
synthesis by breaking certain amino-acid chains, and the resulting fragments were suspected of being the (40 actual cause of amnesia in some cases. Third, puromycin was reported to cause abnormalities in the brain including seizures. Thus, not only were decreased protein synthesis and (45 amnesia dissociated, but alternative mechanisms for the amnestic action of puromycin were readily suggested So, puromycin turned out of be a disappointment. It came to be regarded (50 as a poor agent for amnesia studies,
19
although, of course, it was poor only in the context of our original paradigm of protein-synthesis inhibition. In our frustration, our (55 initial response was simply to change drugs rather than cur conceptual orientation. After many such disappointments, however, it now appears unlikely that we will make (60 a firm connection between protein synthesis and learning merely by pursuing the approaches of the past. Our experience with drugs has shown that all the amnestic agents often (65 interfere with memory in ways that seem unrelated to their inhibition of protein synthesis, More importantly, the notion that the interruption or intensification of protein production (70 in the brain can be related in cause-and-effect fashion to learning now seems simplistic and unproductive. Remove the battery from a car and the car will not go. Drive the car a long (75 distance at high speed and the battery will become more highly charged. Neither of these facts proves that the battery powers the car only a knowledge of the overall automotive (80 system will reveal its mechanism of locomotion and the role of the battery within that system.
21 This passage was most likely excerpted from A a diary kept by a practicing neurobehavioral researcher B a newspaper article on recent advances in the biochemistry of learning C a technical article on experimental techniques in the field of molecular biology D an article summarizing a series of
20
scientific investigations in neurobehavioral research E a book review in a leading journal devoted to genetic research
22 The primary porpoise of the passage is to show that extensive experimentation has A demonstrated the importance of amino- acid fragmentation in the induction of amnesia B cast doubt on the value of puromycin in the neurobehavioral investigation of learning C revealed the importance of amnesia in the neurobehavioral study of learning D not yet demonstrated the applicability of molecular biology to neurobehavioral research E not supported the hypothesis that learning is directly dependent on protein synthesis
23 According to the passage, neurobehaviorists initially based their that protein synthesis was related to learning on which of the following? A Traditional theories about learning B New techniques in protein synthesis C Previous discoveries in molecular biology D Specific research into learning and amnesia E Historic experiments on the effects of puromycin
24 The passage mentions all of the following as effects of puromycin EXCEPT A brain seizures B memory loss C inhibition of protein synthesis D destruction of genetic information E fragmentation of amino-acid chains
21

25 It can be inferred from the passage that, after puromycin was perceived to be a disappointment, researchers did which of the following? A They ceased to experiment with puromycin, and shifted to other promising protein-synthesis inhibitions. B They ceased to experiment with puromycin, and reexamined through experiments the relationship between genetic information and acquired information. C They continued to experiment with puromycin, but applied their results to other facets of memory research. D They continued to experiment with puromycin, but also tried other protein-synthesis inhibitors. E They continued to experiment with purpomycin until a new neuroanatomical framework was developed.
26 In the example of the car (lines 73-82, the battery is meant to represent which of the following elements in the neurobehavioral research program? A Puromycin B Amnesia C Glutarimides D Protein synthesis E Acquired information
27 Which of the following statements would be most likely to come alter the last sentence of the passage? A The failures of the past, however, must not impede further research into the amnestic action of protein-synthesis inhibitors. B It is a legacy of this research, therefore, that molecular biology's genetic models have led to
22
disagreements among neuro- behaviorists. C The ambivalent status of current research, however, should not deter neurobe-haviorists from exploring the deeper connections between protein production and learning. D It is important in the future,therefore,for behavioral biochemists to emphasize more strongly the place of their specific finding within the overall protein synthe- sis model of learning. E It is important in the future, therefore, for behavioral biochemists to focus on the several components of the total learning system.
28 EXAGGERATE:
A minimize B relate C disclose D delegate E condone
29 INCARCERATE:
A anticipate B liberate C summon D confide E assist
30 CAUTIOUS:
A restless B unwise C petulant D disastrous E rash
31 VACILLATE:
A turn on
23
B pry open C walk fast D send away E stand firm
32 ANALGESIA:
A capability to change B sensitivity to pain C synthesis D recollection E difference
33 VACUITY:
A certainty B stability C incontinence D quality E plenitude
34 INVECTIVE:
A restoration B normality C fertility D willing compliance E laudatory words
35 FASTIDIOUS:
A detached B laconic C indiscriminate D sluggish E helpless
36 UNTOWARD:
A industrious B favorable C experienced D straightforward E inevitable
24
37 BROOK:
A refuse to tolerate B demolish C debate D detain E incite to act
38 PILLORY: A foster B lament C forgive D enjoy E exalt
25

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