课时训练(二十二)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Research has long backed the therapeutic(治疗的) value of diary­keeping for teenage girls and boys.But according to a new study，when teenagers detail their sadness onto a blog，the therapeutic value is even greater.Blogging，it seems，can be good for you.

The study，published in the journal Psychological Services and conducted by Meyran Boniel­Nissim and Azy Barak，psychology professors at the University of Haifa，Israel，found the contact with an online community through a blog made it more effective in relieving(解除) the writer's social anxiety than a private diary would be.

To track teenagers' experiences with blogging，the researchers randomly surveyed high school students in Israel and selected 161 of them who exhibited some level of social anxiety or stress.The teenagers，who averaged 15 years old，said they had difficulty making new friends or relating to their existing friends.

The teenagers were divided into six groups.The first two groups were asked to blog about their social difficulties，with one group asked to open their posts to comments.The second two groups were asked to blog about whatever struck their adolescent fancy；again，with one group allowing comments.All four groups were told to write in their blogs at least twice a week.As a control，two more groups were told to keep either an old­fashioned print diary or to do nothing at all.

All of their blog records were then read through by four psychologists to determine the authors' relative social and emotional state.In all the groups，the greatest improvement in mood occurred among those bloggers who wrote about their problems and allowed commenters to respond.

Interestingly，the commenters on the blogs were quite supportive.“The only kind of surprise we had was that almost all comments made by readers were very positive and constructive in trying to offer support for anxious bloggers，”Dr.Barak wrote in an e­mail.

1．Compared with the traditional diary，the main advantage of blogging is that you can________.

A．write almost anything in a blog

B．make complaints in a blog

C．keep in touch with others through your blog

D．improve your emotional state through your blog

2．The researchers surveyed the students in Israel in order to________.

A．make us believe that blogging is a must for teenagers

B．prove blogging is more effective in solving teens'

emotional problems

C．find out their social and emotional state and help them out

D．check if blogging can help improve teens' emotional state

3．In the most improved group，the bloggers________.

A．wrote at most twice a week

B．told others whatever they wanted about themselves

C．communicated with readers about their troubles

D．made their social difficulties known to researchers only

4．The main idea of the last paragraph is that bloggers can________.

A．support anything they like

B．make new friends with anyone

C．turn to the psychology experts for help

D．receive beneficial messages from readers

B

Scientists may have found a way to reduce shortages of type O blood.Type O is the kind of blood that hospitals most often need.What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.

There are four main kinds of blood.Most people are born with one of these four：type A，type B，type AB or type O．Type O can be safely given to anyone.So it is commonly used when a person is injured or sick and has to have blood.

Type O is the most common blood group.But the supplies of it available in hospitals and blood banks are usually limited.This is because of high demand.Type O blood is used in emergencies when there is no time to identify the patient's blood type.

Giving A，B or AB to someone with a different blood type，including O，can cause a bad reaction by the person's defense system.Their immune system can reject the blood.This immune reaction can be deadly.

The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules.These molecules are found on the surface of the cells.They are known as antigens(抗原)．These antigens are found with type A，B and AB blood but not with type O.

More than twenty­five years ago，scientists found that the antigens could be removed to create what they called universal­type cells.They could be removed with chemicals called enzymes(酶)．But large amounts of enzymes were required to make the change.

Doctor Henrik Clausen of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark led the study.The next step，he says，is to complete safety tests.The team is working with the American company ZymeQuest to test the new method.If it meets safety requirements and is not too costly，it could become a widely used life­saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood.

5．The new way scientists use to reduce shortages of type O blood is________.

A．to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood

B．to give birth to more babies with type O blood

C．to use other kinds of blood to replace type O blood

D．to appeal to more people to donate type O blood

6．People have different kinds of blood types because________.

A．people's red blood cells contain different kinds of sugar molecules

B．the areas where people live have an influence on their blood types

C．they have different races，cultures and origins

D．they are born with different kinds of blood types

7．What can be inferred from the passage?

A．One person's antigens could easily be removed to another person.

B．A Denmark company sponsored the study led by Doctor Henrik Clausen.

C．Type O blood can be given to anybody regardless of his own blood type.

D．The new method is too costly to be put into use in hospitals.

8．What is the main idea of the passage?

A．People in the world have four different kinds of blood.

B．A new way to reduce the shortage of Type O blood.

C．Doctor Henrik Clausen and his research into blood type.

D．People's immune system can reject the wrong type of blood.

Ⅱ.七选五补缺题

Involving the whole family is the best way to promote better eating habits and healthy activities for your kids.A whole family approach simply means that everyone－parents and kids alike－works together as a team to achieve good health and well­being.__1__

●Lead by example.

__2__Talk about why you eat fruit as a snack，take an exercise class，or go for walks.

●Start them young.

Don't wait until your child is at an unhealthy weight to consider good eating and activity habits.It's much easier to maintain a healthy weight than to lose pounds later.

●__3__

Make it usual for the family to be active，not sedentary(久坐的)．Being active as a family allows kids to expend energy in a positive way，and adults reap(取得)health benefits，too.

●Cook together.

Invite kids into the process of preparing food.Little kids can learn math skills by measuring and they'll begin to understand the chemistry of cooking.They'll also gain an understanding of healthy ingredients.Older kids will enjoy having the authority to select and prepare foods they like.__4__It might even inspire them to make healthy choices on their own.

●Eat together.

Eating a meal as a family sends the right messages about nutrition.__5__They will also come to see mealtime as a time for socializing and sharing.Parents get a chance to offer nutritious food，note their child's likes and dislikes，and tune in to their child's successes and troubles through conversation.

A．Kids will see their parents eating healthy food and may be inspired to try new foods.

B．Adult family members are important role models for healthy eating and exercise.

C．Keep track of who meets their goals，and praise those who do.

D．As within any team，there's a leader or coach and that's you!

E．And they will be more likely to eat what they've made.

F．Make family goals.

G．Be active together.

Ⅲ.短文改错

Once a professor at Glasgow University put up a notice，which was read：“Professor Brown will meet his class tomorrow.” This means that he was going to give his student a lecture next day.One naughty boy of the class saw the notice but wiped away the first letter of the word “class” in the notice.Then the sentence becomes “Professor Brown will meet his lass tomorrow.”，that means the professor would meet his girlfriend.When the professor saw this，he didn't take it serious.He，then，simply left out other letter of the word.Finally，the word “class” was turned in “ass”，which mean，as we all know，“a stupid donkey”．

详解答案

课时训练(二十二)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

【语篇解读】　传统上认为日记能够帮助青少年缓解社会焦虑感，但最新研究表明青少年用博客记录下自己的问题或伤感能更好地减缓压力。

1．选D　事实细节题。由文章第二段中的the contact with an online community through a blog made it more effective in relieving(解除)the writer's social anxiety(通过博客和其他人进行网上联系能更加有效地解除写博客的人的社会痛苦)可知选D。

2．选B　推理判断题。文章第一、二段已指出博客能够缓解青少年的压力，而研究者对以色列学生的实验是为了track teenagers' experiences with blogging(追踪青少年使用博客的体验)，进一步证实博客的作用，故选B。

3．选C　事实细节题。由文章倒数第二段最后一句可知，改善最明显的那个组是bloggers who wrote about their problems and allowed commenters to respond(写出自己的问题并允许大家评论的那些博客作者)，故选C。

4．选D　主旨大意题。由最后一段that almost all comments made by readers were very positive and constructive(读者的评论几乎都是非常积极并且有建设性的)可知，博客作者能够从读者那里得到有益的(beneficial)信息，故选D。

B

【语篇解读】　本文介绍了目前科学家正在检测一种新的O型血的制造方法来解决现在医院和血库中O型血的匮乏问题。

5．选A　细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句话What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.可知答案为A。

6．选A　细节理解题。由文章第五段第一句话The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules.可知答案为A。

7．选C　推理判断题。由文章第二段中的Type O can be safely given to anyone.和第三段中的Type O blood is used in emergencies when there is no time to identify the patient's blood type.可知答案为C。

8．选B　主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段可知本文主要介绍科学家发现了一种新的O型血的制造方法，所以答案为B。

Ⅱ.七选五补缺题

【语篇解读】　要想拥有良好的饮食习惯、健康的身体，那就要全家一起行动，父母要起表率作用。

1．选D　上句中的“team”为线索词，此处起承上启下的作用，说就像任何一个团队一样，家庭这个团队中父母应是领军人物。

2．选B　这里讲述的是家长在健康饮食和锻炼上的表率作用，B项符合题意。

3．选G　结合本段叙述可知，G项正确，“to be active”是关键信息。

4．选E　大点儿的孩子愿意挑选和准备他们喜欢的食物，他们更可能会吃自己做的食物，E项中的第一个“they”指“Older kids”。

5．选A　此处与下句并列，说的是全家一起就餐对孩子的好处。下句中的“They”指代A项中的“Kids”，“also”为信息词。

Ⅲ.短文改错

Once a professor at Glasgow University put up a notice，which　 read：“Professor Brown will meet his class tomorrow.” This means that he was going to give his a lecture next day.One naughty boy of the class saw the notice wiped away the first letter of the word “class” in the notice.Then the sentence “Professor Brown will meet his lass tomorrow.”， means the professor would meet his girlfriend.When the professor saw this，he didn't take it.He，then，simply left out letter of the word.Finally，the word “class” was turned “ass”，which，as we all know，“a stupid donkey”．

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