对于平行展开法的提升

对于平行展开法的提升：

1.more than 结构 （对肯定的强调） “不只是”

The world wide web is more than a form to get up-to-date,concrete,accurate and vivid information , but an instructive mode of entertainment as well.

2.anything but （对否定的强调）

Nothing but （对肯定的强调）

3.far from being（对否定的强调） “远不是”

Contrary to a popular assumption/Contrary to the common belief,

Contrary to the common belief,with our sustainable development facing many drastic threats,environmental preservation should have priority over economic growth.（用于第二段第一/二句).

4.双重否定的使用

These days,it is not uncommon that many graduates will elect being a civil servant （公务员）as their top choice when hunting a job for many clear advantages(e.g.,secured position,stable income or better social welfare).

Not surprisingly（不足为奇）,students who are under constant stress in their studies may suffer from psychology problems or even commit crimes.

5.be 动词被替换

Be = has been well considered/seen/regarded/deemed as.....

文艺复兴：Renaissance 旦丁：Dentin

leonardo da vinci 达芬奇

leonardo da vinci has been well seen as a great artist in the times of renaissance.

6.not the least（最高级）

Not the least of the factors that make for success in any field of endeavor is +主题 （个人成长成功主题句）

主题是获得成功最重要的品质

7.并列动词的使用

Physical exercise can shield us from damaging effects brought by sedentary lifestyle,and stressful working conditions and prevent us from collapsing in front of a screen every night.

连接三个以上的动词：

Do A,doing B and thus doing C

With confidence,we can accumulate wealth,establishing our career and thus fitting into society.

8.Not only....,but also....（连接动词）

Not only will they accumulate wealth,but they also will fit into the society.

Not only 置于句首引起倒装，they 置于but also之间

9.连接三个以上名词的方法

Not only A ,nut B ,and such benefits（problems）/上义词 as C and D

10.in terms of ...就....而言 = when it comes to ....

The world will be changing constantly in terms of technology and the internet is the key to all the knowledge and information available in the world today.

主题具体表达：主题 + will give them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of student life.

11.Admittedly....。Nevertheless .....。

Admittedly ,as a source of entertainment,advertisements are very popular among children. Nevertheless ,they may give young viewer some misleading impression.

12.While/Whereas

13.even though (作为插入语，放在主谓之间，制造隔离)

14.something is not restricted to ....,but is also evident among ....

“ something 不仅局限于...,在....方面也很明显”

The benefits of being independent are not restricted to improving

one’s academic performance,but are also evident among promoting

one’s energy,enthusiasm and charm.（第二段第二句）

15.Be it....or .... 无论是...还是....

Traveling can not only enhance your understanding of different customs but also rid of many damaging effects brought by sedentary lifestyle,be it physical diseases or lack of mental courage.

“Sedentary lifestyle 宅男宅女”

16.状语结尾

Time should be cherished by everyone,especially in the times of knowledge explosion.

Traffic and pollution from vehicles have become huge problems,both in cities and on motorways.

17.状语前置

To do this ,By doing so , In many ways, In some cases,

Obviously, Fortunately, Surely, Specifically(具体的讲），undeniably （不可否认）

18.进一步解释

Put it another way,（换句话说）=In other words,

,that is to say,

....which means...

....which suggests that....

,with the underlying assumption that.... = which means...

第五句（结尾句）：虚拟语气法；利弊句型

虚拟语气法：（用来强调论点）

Were there no +主题，sb would never do sth （正面主题的描述）

Were there situation to continue as it is ,our generation would not bother to think of excuses of us.（负面主题的描述）

利弊句型：

The side-effects outweigh the benefits 弊大于利

The benefits are in large measure canceled out by the problems

弊大于利

The problems seem to be pale compared with the benefits.

利大于弊

第三段：（P58页） 评论：正面话题or 负面话题

正面话题：

第一句：（取其精华，去其糟粕）

第二句：（如何面对）

第三句：（展望未来）

第一句：It is imperative that the essence be absorbed and the drawbacks be neglected,+万能时间状语（during this process, especially in the times of knowledge explosion,when the news,facts,opinions even rumors bombarding us from every corner of the world.）

PS：用 it is imperative that替换 we should

第二句：in view of the complexity of such an issue,we must treat it socially,economically and culturally.

第三句：only in a reasonable,prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which (people can enjoy their life to the uttermost). 括号内换成相应的内容

负面话题：

第一句：the situation being so serious，

第二句：背诵句4+学者想办法+大众提升意识

it is imperative that laws and regulations be introduced and enforced to curb and harness this urgent problem.in this issue,

experts,researchers and scholars are expected to work out up-to-date solutions to sth. for another thing,the general public is supposed to enhance their awareness that+ 主题很有害。

第三句：with a proper law and an alert public,it will only be a matter of time before the problem becomes things of the past.（伴随一个恰当的法律和警觉的民众，这个问题迟早会被解决）.

段落展开的其他方法：科学论据法；举例法；

1.科学论据法：（积累国际组织的名字）

UNESCO 联合国教科文组织：

the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization

WTO 世贸组织： World Trade Organization

WHO 世界卫生组织： World Health Organization

APEC亚太经济合作组织: Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation

（1）数据 ，suggests a survey conducted by a +国际组织名称，which can

PS：列举数字，后加上一个定语从句补充说明该数据.

The organization for economic co-operation and development(OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this.the report to the effect that +主题很重要/有害

例：According to the latest surveys ,money spent on pets dog in the city of Beijing is as much as $100000000 , which can feed all Japanese in the world for a whole year.

PS: money spent on sth is as much as .....

money spent on sth has reached as much as ......

money earned/collected/raised is as much as.....

科学论据法的扩展：

⑴ China Daily interviewed four people from four professions-a surgeon,a lawyer,a civil servant(公务员) and a steel work,the survey discovers that all of them are of the idea that+主题很重要/有害.According to a survey conducted by China Academy of Science（CAS）/China Academy of Social Science（CASS）,those who +动词 are more likely to +动词 ，compared with those who do(are) not.

2.举例法：（积累个人信息）

1.如果题干中要求举例就一定举例

2.可以只举例不展开，也可以举例加评论

⑴Numerous cases exist to illustrate this point ,take sb for example,but for +主题，sb could not have done something ,let alone doing something.

(2)this point can be confirmed by the examples of .....

3.举例常用句型：

.....,for example/instance ,....

someone+个人信息 perfectly exemplifies +主题 ,I argue.

将特殊例子变成普遍例子的方法

(1)our society has been filled with a variety of examples of ...., with the following one being the foremost.

(2)Numerous examples can be given ,but this will suffice.

例：Barack Obama ,US president , the excellent embodiment of American dream ,who went through unusual growth history ,

achieved his own glorious accomplishment and gained

far-ranging support perfectly exemplifies the characteristic demonstrated above-independence ,I argue.

4.举例的时候可以只举例而不展开

例：These days,the college has been filled with a variety of examples of such things,with Majiajue being the foremost.

第二段写作练习(举例法和科学论据法)

PS：1.being = seeming = remaining

5.可以使用指示性的词表达主体词，多用指示性的词以增加句子间的

关联性.（代词：such,one,the one,the mentioned above).

1.希望工程

Our society has been filled with a variety of examples of love,with the Hope Project being the foremost.

In the west of china exist some families,being so poor that hardly can they support their child’s education. Pathetic as they are,people coming from all walks of life began to help them ,which is so-called Pope Project.

money collected annually has reached as much as about $10000000,which can help three million children to finish their primary school,suggests a survey.

Were there no the Hope Project,those children would never taste the precious knowledge.

重要性主题的表达：

1.主题 has become indispensable to the health of the economy,the stability of the polity and the pursuit of private happiness.

2.主题 boost the efficiency and brings the explosion of business or career.

3.主题 is notable for its contribution to the doing of sth

4.主题 has also being greatly responsible for the rapid development of society.

5.主题 can add much to the excitement and enjoyment of your life.

6.主题 has a dramatically beneficial effect on sth

7.We work diligently as to add to the comfort and convenience of the community.

个人成长：

1.make study serve the practical purpose 学以致用

2.Be buried in study 埋头苦学

3.Study assiduously

4.Genuine talent

5.Have a wide range of experience 见多识广

6.See sth through 善始善终

7.Earnest and dom-to-earth 脚踏实地

8.Persevere in one’s long term studies in spite of hardships

十年寒窗

9.just as Mahatma Gandhi said,”Live as if you were to die tomorrow,Learn as if you were to live forever”

10.Sb be of+名词（优点） 某人具备某种优点

11.Cherish the same ideals and follow the path to ..志同道合

12.主题+share weal and woe and make concreted efforts to ...

同甘共苦，同心协力

Aspire to inspire until i expire. 生命不息，奋斗不止

1.Just as an old chinese proverb says

正如一句古老的中国谚语所说

2.He situation being so serious,it is high time that we took

effective measures to tackle this problem.

问题如此严重，是马上采取有效措施解决这个问题的时候了

3.It is imperative that corresponding laws and regulations be

introduced and enforced to curb and harness this urgent

problem. 我们必须制定并执行一些法律法规来解决这个问题。

4.In no country other than china,it has been said that,is the

problem of environment more serious.

在中国环境问题是最严重的

5.There has been a heated discussion about a picture on the

Weibo-the most influential social media in china.

微博上有一张图画引起了人们广泛的关注

6.the past decade has witnessed a huge development in economy

owing to the reform and opening-up policy being carried

out ,bringing some problems at the same time ,with the above（following）

one being the foremost.

PS:witness 和 bring 可以用时间做主语

Just as an old chinese proverb says,+谚语

Life is not all roses. 人生并不是康庄大道

Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧

It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老

It's never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢

A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲

A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半

No pains and plans , no gains. 没有付出就没有收获

Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩

One today is worth two tomorrows. 一个今天胜似两个明天

Diligence is the mother of success. 勤奋是成功之母

Where there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。

Success belongs to the persevering. 坚持就是胜利。

Nothing is impossible for a willing heart. 心之所愿，无所不成

He who does not advance loses ground. 逆水行舟，不进则退

From small beginning come great things. 伟大始于渺小

Genius is nothing but labor and diligence. 天才不过是勤奋而已

Fortune favors those who use their judgment. 机遇偏爱善断之人

Every man is the architect of his own fortune. 自己的命运自己掌握

Don‘t put off till tomorrow what should be done today.

今日事，今日毕

Keep good men company and you shall be of the number.

近朱者赤，近墨者黑

By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it.

读书使人充实，交谈使人精明

Sharpening your axe will not delay your job of cutting wood. 　　

磨刀不误砍柴功

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