部编六年级小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧
（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。
1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。
这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等
2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the Spring Festival .等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案.
同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.
1.Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).
Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast this morning.”
“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.
“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”
“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”
( )(1).Who is Sam?
A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.
( )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”?
A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的” C It’s “坏的 “ D It’s “好的”
( )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth?
A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread
( )(4) Which of these is not wrong?
A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day.
B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.
C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all.
D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle.
2.Hen(母鸡): There is some rice here. Eat it like this,my children.
Chickens: Like this, Mother?
Hen: Yes,that’s right, good.
Eagle(鹰): There are some chickens here. I want to eat them.
Hen: Don’t worry, my children . Let me do with it.
Eagle:Can you let me eat some chickens,Mrs.Hen?
Hen:No, you can’t. There is a hunter(猎人)near here.
Eagle: I must go now.
Hen: Let’s go home, my children.
Chickens: All right.
( )(1) The chicken likes to eat the ____.
A hen B rice C chicken D his children
( )(2) The hen _____look after her children.
A can B can’t C is D isn’t
( )(3)______saves the chickens.
A The hunter. B The hen C The eagle D A man
( )(4)The eagle can’t eat_____ at last.
A the chickens B go. C the hunter D the hen
（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：
（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。
（2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。
（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。
（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。
（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？
１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。
２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按"总-分-总"这一思路来写的。因此，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。
３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。
４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。
5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，解题时要"带着问题读查短文"分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。
6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解并判断句子的正误。
I have a cousin. He is only four years old. Today I go to a library with him. He doesn't know the signs. I tell him about the signs. This sign means "Be quiet". We should not shout in the library. That sign means "No eating or drinking". We can't eat or drink here. My cousin knows a lot about the signs in the signs in the library after I tell him.
（1）My cousin is five years old.
（2）We are in the supermarket.
（3）My cousin knows a lot about the signs in the signs in the library after I tell him.
（4）We can eat and drink in the library.
（5）We shouldn't shout in the library.
【答案】（1）0
（2）0
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍主人公给堂弟介绍布告牌的事情。
（1）句意：我堂弟5岁。根据He is only four years old.可知他四岁，故答案为：错误。
（2）句意：我们在超市。根据Today I go to a library with him.可知他们在图书馆，故答案为：错误。
（3）句意：我告诉他之后我堂弟知道了很多关于布告牌里的布告。根据My cousin knows a lot about the signs in the signs in the library after I tell him.可知我告诉他之后我堂弟知道了很多关于布告牌里的布告。，故答案为：正确。
（4）句意：在图书馆里我们能吃喝。根据We can't eat or drink here. 可知在图书馆里我们不能吃喝，故答案为：错误。
（5）句意：在图书馆我们不应该喊叫。根据We should not shout in the library.可知在图书馆我们不应该喊叫。故答案为：正确。
【点评】考查阅读理解，浏览文章大意，把握细节。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确判断。
3．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。 This is my home. We have three bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen and a bathroom. In the kitchen, there is a fridge. The vegetables and fruit are in the fridge. The juice is in it, too. In my bedroom, there is a bed, a chair and a computer. Now I'm watching TV in the living room. Mum is cooking in the kitchen. My sister is taking a shower in the bathroom. Our cat is under my bed.
（1）We have two bedrooms.
（2）There is a computer in my bedroom.
（3）My sister is watching TV in the living room.
（4）Mum is cooking in the kitchen.
（5）Our cat is on my bed.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】短文描述了作者的家，有几间房，厨房的冰箱里都有什么东西，卧室里有什么东西，及家人正在做什么。
（1）根据所给的短文， We have three bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen and a bathroom.我们有三间卧室，一间客厅，一间厨房和一间浴室。可知卧室不是两间，故答案为错误。
（2）根据所给的短文，In my bedroom, there is a bed, a chair and a computer.在我的卧室里有一张床，一张椅子和一台电脑。可知我的房间里有一台电脑，故答案为正确。
（3）根据所给的短文，My sister is taking a shower in the bathroom.我妹妹正在浴室里洗澡。可知我妹妹并不是在客厅看电视，故答案为错误。
（4）根据所给的短文，Mum is cooking in the kitchen. 妈妈正在厨房做饭。可知我妈妈是在厨房做饭，故答案为正确。
（5）根据所给的短文， Our cat is under my bed.我们的猫在我的床下。可知我们的猫不是在床上，故答案为错误。【点评】理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题，看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项的一致的内容，就可以轻松的判断句子是否正确。
4．阅读理解阅读短文，完成表格。 There are four seasons in a year in Canada. They are spring, summer, autumn and winter. In spring, the weather is warm and sunny. I like to fly kites. In summer, it's hot. I like to swim. I often wear a pair of glasses and a hat. In autumn, it's always cool. I like to go to the park and ride down the street with my friends. In winter, it's cold and snowy. I like to go outside to skate and ski with my friends. Sometimes we make a big snowman, and then we dance and sing around it.
【答案】
【解析】【分析】该短文杰克介绍了四个季节的天气情况及主人公喜欢做的事情。
（1）Spring细节阅读，根据. In spring, the weather is warm and sunny. I like to fly kites.得知天气情况及喜欢干的事情，故答案为：warm and sunny；fly kites。
（2）Summer细节阅读，根据句子In summer, it's hot. I like to swim.得知天气情况及喜欢干的事情，故答案为：hot；swim。
（3）Autumn细节阅读，根据句子In autumn, it's always cool. I like to go to the park and ride down the street with my friends.得知天气情况及喜欢干的事情，故答案为cool；go to the park and ride down the street。
（4）Winter细节阅读，根据句子In winter, it's cold and snowy. I like to go outside to skate and ski with my friends.得知天气情况及喜欢干的事情，故答案为：cold and snow；go outside to skate and ski。
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确回答。
5．阅读理解根据短文内容，完成以下选择。
(B)
A forest is a large area of trees．Forests are very important because they provide shelter and food for birds and insects．Birds make their nests in trees．Small animals and insects build their homes in the hollows of trees．Leaves，flowers and fruits are their food．In the past，People got wood from forests．Some people cooked food with wood．People cut down trees to make houses，furniture and paper．Now，Many animals in the forests die because they lose their homes and their food．We must stop cutting down forest．
（1）A is a large area of trees．
A. ocean B. sky C. forest
（2）Forests are important for ．
A. birds B. insects
C. both A and B
（3）Small animals can eat ．
A. Leaves，flowers and fruit B. vegetables only
C. both A and B
（4）—What does“hollows” mean in the passage?
—
A. Holes in the tree B. Homes for some animals．
C. A large area of trees．
（5）—Why many animals in the forest die?
—Because ．
A. they don't want to live any more
B. they have no homes or food
C. people kill them
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】大意：讲诉森林的作用。
（1）根据A forest is a large area of trees可知，故选C。
（2）根据Forests are very important because they provide shelter and food for birds and insects可知，故选C。
（3）根据Small animals and insects build their homes in the hollows of trees．Leaves，flowers and fruits are their food可知，故选A。
（4）根据Small animals and insects build their homes in the hollows of trees．Leaves，flowers and fruits are their food中关键词build their homes可以推测，应该是树洞holes in the tree。故选A。
（5）根据Many animals in the forests die because they lose their homes and their food可知，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，理解大意。其次阅读问题，根据题干找出相关信息进行正确的选择。
6．阅读理解阅读短文并判断正误
Mr Jones was very angry with his wife．And Mrs Jones was very angry with her husband．For a few days，they didn't speak to each other．One evening，Mr Jones was very tired when he came back from work，so he went to bed soon after he had dinner．Mrs Jones washed the dishes and did some sewing．When she went to bed much later than her husband，she found a piece of paper on the small table near her bed．On it was the words：“Mother，wake me rup at 7 a．m．tomorrow． 一Father．”The next morning， Mr Jones found a piece of paper on the table，too．On it was the words：“Father，wake up．It is 7 a．m．一Mother．”
（1）Mr Jones and Mrs Jones were angry with each other．
（2）They talked a lot with each other．
（3）One evening Mr Jones was very tired and he went to bed soon after supper．
（4）Before Mr Jones went to bed，he said to his wife，“Please wake me up at seven tomorrow morning．”
（5）Mrs Jones woke up her husband at seven the next morning．
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）1
（4）0
（5）0
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了琼斯先生和和琼斯夫人，彼此互相生气，并且几天都没有说话，有一天晚上两人之间发生了一件趣事。
(1)句意:琼斯先生和琼斯彼此互相生气.课文中提到了此句,所以答案选正确.
(2)句意:他们彼此说话了.通读短文可知并没有说话.所以答案选错误.
(3)句意:有天晚上琼斯先生非常累,吃完晚饭很快就睡了.课文中提及了此句,故答案选正确.
(4)句意:在琼斯先生睡觉前，他对他的妻子说:"请明天早上七点叫醒我."根据课文可知,他们之间没有说话,故答案选错误.
(5)句意:琼斯太太第二天早上七点叫醒了琼斯先生.根据课文琼斯太太没有叫醒琼斯先生,而是写了张纸条.故答案选错误.
【点评】考查对课文的理解和对细节的识别能力.仔细阅读课文,紧扣问题中的关键字,在文章中寻找答案
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