应用型大学英语综合教程四（1-6章）课后习题答案（上海交通大学出版）

第一单元

Part 1

4. Working with words and phrases

(b)1. dull a. someone's mind

(c)2. pump b. knife

(e)3. sweep c. water

(a)4. read d. throat

(f)5. turkey e. the floor

(d)6. sore f. Dinner

1. She almost  (choked) to death in the thick fumes.
2. The woman hurried to the bank, only to find that she had left her bankbook at home. She became  (frantic).
3. The situation for the flood victims was quite dangerous.  (Drastic) action had to be taken at once.
4. Fortunately, the drowned boy was  (resuscitated) by first aid.
5. The old lady tripped over a stairway and became  (unconscious). She was rushed to hospital.
6. Many people can have their vision restored by undergoing a  (surgical) operation.
7. Because of government  (intervention) in the mortgage market, interest rates remain near their lowest levels in decades.
8. Last night two burglars  (broke into) my office and stole one of the computers.
9. They have  (taken over) our firm by buying up our shares.
10. Will there be any difference between the mental and the  (manual) laborin the future?

7. Practice: translation

1. After a hectic week treating patients with sore throats and ear infections at his family practice, the 52-year-old physician was ready for a night of home cooking and fellowship at his church's annual fund-raising dinner.

Reference answer： 这位52岁的内科医生在他的家庭诊所忙碌了整整一个星期，治疗那些患有咽喉疼痛或耳朵感染的病人，这时正准备在他所属教会的年度筹款晚宴上享受一些家常烹饪，并和教友相聚。

2. They'd simply heard about the good food and were willing to pay $10 to heap their plates and help pay for the church's new community center.

Reference answer： 许多人甚至不是这个教会的会员，他们只是听说这里有美食，愿意花上10美元饱餐一顿，同时为教会的新活动中心做点贡献。

3. He was relieved to see that his wife had found a clean paring knife.

Reference answer： 当他看到妻子给他找到了一把干净的水果刀才放了心。

4. Fortunately, her family never went anywhere without an emergency kit containing a manual resuscitator bag, just in case Shaun had trouble breathing.

Reference answer： 庆幸的是，她的家人出门总是带着急救箱，里面有手动苏醒气囊，这是以防肖恩出现呼吸困难而准备的。

5. We are so thankful that in this age of lawsuits, Dr. Boll was willing to put himself on the line.

Reference answer： 在这个容易惹上官司的时代，博尔医生敢于冒这样的风险，挺身而出，实在是太让人感激了。

1. Luck does not always   (come into play) (起作用) in examinations. It is your hard work that matters.

2. With the treatment,   (the color returned) (面色恢复) to the woman's cheeks.

3. He got a nice dictionary   (out of nowhere) (不知从哪里). It was really a great help.

4. My car   (wouldn't start) (怎么也发动不起来) this morning.

5. The patient recovered from the surgery with   (no signs of infection) (没有感染的迹象).

Part 2

1. 走私麻醉品  (smuggle narcotics)

2. 最后一道障碍  (the last hurdle)

3. 易变质食品  (perishable food product)

4. 航站大楼  (airport terminal)

5. 记住  (keep in mind)

6. 家用物品  (household item)

第二单元

Part 1

4. Working with words and phrases

(g)1. claw a. to say something loud; shout

(h)2. thrilled b. to keep a particular quality, feature, etc.

(a)3. call out c. to cause to be attracted and interested

(f)4. give away d. a place made or chosen by a bird to lay its eggs in and to live in

(c)5. fascinate e. to fill the dead body of an animal with material and preserve it, so that it keeps its original shape and appearance

(b)6. preserve f. to reveal something that is supposed to be kept secret

(d)7. nest g. one of the sharp curved nails on the end of an animal's or a bird's foot

(e)8. stuff h. very excited, happy, and pleased

1. The splendid parade on the 60th National Day filled the Chinese people with great  (admiration).
2. The  (unsuspecting) giraffe (长颈鹿) was so frightened by the attacking lion that it fell in the water and was drowned.
3. No sooner had Zorro  (whistled) than his black horse appeared and carried him away.
4. Their dialects are  (vastly) different and that's why they can hardly communicate.
5. The officer punished two of his soldiers for  (whispering) while he was speaking at the meeting.
6. After the accident and a major operation on her wounded head, she could only  (vaguely) remember her family members.
7. Her  (slender) figure seemed to prove her workouts had been fruitful.
8. Tom Sawyer was too nervous to feel the rough wall  (scratching) at his face when he was trying to get out of the cave in the dark.
9. The local people claim to have seen manifestations of dead people in the  (haunted) castle.
10. The mother was trying to  (hush) the crying baby to sleep.

7. Practice: translation

1. It was already eight o'clock and Sylvia wondered if her grandmother would be angry with her for being so late.

Reference answer： 已经是晚上八点了，西尔维娅想，这么晚回家，外婆会不会生气呢？

2. The child hurried the cow through the dark forest, toward her grandmother's home.

Reference answer： 小女孩赶着牛，匆匆穿过阴暗的树林，向外婆家走去。

3. She felt her heart tremble every time he shot an unsuspecting bird as it was singing in the trees.

Reference answer： 每当他把一只毫无戒心正在唱歌的小鸟从枝头打落时，她的心都颤抖不已。

4. The white heron smoothed its feathers and called to its mate, sitting on their nest in a nearby tree.

Reference answer： 这只白鹭理了理羽毛，对停在附近一棵树上的鸟巢里的同伴叫了一声。

5. Many a night Sylvia heard the echo of his whistle haunting the forest.

Reference answer： 很多个夜晚，西尔维娅仿佛又听见他的口哨声在树林里回荡。

1. He picked up his bag and   [hurried off along the platform] (急急忙忙地沿着站台走了).

2. He was shaking with fright as if   [he had seen a ghost] (就像见了鬼似的).

3. If you had told me earlier, I   [wouldn't have signed the contract] (不会签合同).

4. The fireman gave a long sigh as he   [caught another flash of red] (又看到一道红光).

5. The businessman spoke so carefully in order not to [give his plan away] (泄露他的计划).

Part 2

4. Working with words

in session fountain permit precaution pull up sit back vendor

1. The  (vendors) will try to sell you their homemade jewelry and house wares.

2. The trails are well marked, but carrying a map is a wise  (precaution).

3. Ancient Greece was a  (fountain) of wisdom and philosophy.

4. We're going to be driving by farmland for the next ten minutes, so just  (sit back) and relax until we're closer to the city.

5. The driving instructor told me to  (pull up) at the post office.

6. The meeting is  (in session), so we need to keep our voices down.

1. You are strictly forbidden from taking photographs inside the museum.

Reference answer： 博物馆内严禁拍照。

2. For your own safety, we ask that you refrain from putting your arms out of the window.

Reference answer： 为了您的自身安全，请不要把手伸出窗外。

3. Please do not stand in front of the white line.

Reference answer： 请站在白线之外。

4. We suggest only carrying small amounts of cash.

Reference answer： 我们建议只带少量现金。

5. It is customary in our country to tip the friendly bus driver.

Reference answer： 给友好的公车司机付小费是我们国家的一种习俗。

第三单元

Part 1

4. Working with words and phrases

(c)1. initiate

(e)2. compromise

(b)3. eliminate

(a)4. explore

(d)5. cast

(h)6. hold back

(f)7. weed out

(g)8. sign up for

a. inquire into

b. do away with

c. start something or cause it to happen

d. throw forcefully

e. reach an agreement with them

f. get rid of

g. register

h. hesitate before you do something

preferably genuine intention initiated eliminate confusion expectation weed out

rush into brush... aside for that matter sign up for

1. If this offer is  (genuine), I will gladly accept it.
2. To  (eliminate) the error message, we must first reduce the possibility of users making errors.
3. It is my  (intention) to remain in my position until a successor is elected.
4. Omissions in my recent article must have caused  (confusion).
5. Perhaps you shouldn't  (brush) the idea  (aside) too hastily.
6. We have to  (weed out) unqualified applicants.
7. The trip was  (initiated) by the manager of the community centre.
8. He doesn't trust his partner.  (For that matter), I can't blame him.
9. We must not  (rush into) anything without careful planning.
10. Do something creative or take exercise,  (preferably) in the fresh air.

7. Practice: translation

1. Everyday I am excited to talk to him via an instant messenger program on the computer, and we talk for about two hours a night.

Reference answer： 我每天都非常兴奋地通过一个计算机内的即时消息程序和他聊天，每个晚上要谈上大概两个小时。

2. You might as well get certain things out in the open sooner rather than later, before you invest a great deal of time and energy into that relationship.

Reference answer： 不妨把话都摊开来说，宜早不宜迟，然后再投入大量的时间和精力来建立这种关系。

3. I find girls, as well as guys, are open books on these online dating sites.

Reference answer： 我发现无论女性还是男性，在这些交友网站上都是极坦率的人。

4. I would start a relationship with the first available guy who happened to walk into my life at a certain moment.

Reference answer： 如果碰巧在某一时刻有个男的走进我的生活，我会开始和他交往。

5. I am very excited to cast out my fishing line every day on the online dating website and see what I reel in.

Reference answer： 我每天很兴奋地在交友网站抛出钓鱼线，然后收线看我钓到什么。

1.[ I didn't have to rush into finding the name of the place](我不必着急去找地名). I had all day.

2. [I find it difficult to hold back my anger](我觉得很难抑制住我的愤怒) when he starts arguing in favor of racial segregation.

3. It is much better to  [ get things out in the open right from the start](从最初便把事情公开).

4. That sounds fantastic.[ Where do I go to sign up for that tour?](我到哪里去报名参加那次旅游呢？)

5. We were sitting on the bridge, [trying to click with a few girls](试图结识几位姑娘).

第四单元

Part 1

4. Working with words and phrases

1. hide in the h (ollow) tree

2. b (rood) over his bad luck

3. speak with a strong a (ccent)

4. miss her boyfriend s (orely)

5. be s (mitten) with grief

6. be j (ealous) of his rich neighbor

7. a g (igantic) statue

8. make out two dim shapes in the g (loom)

stammer sorely shot off revolutionary gigantic dashed bluff

brooded curly monster looked back hollow sprang upon

1. He is kind and friendly despite his rather  (bluff) manner.
2. His left hand was  (shot off) during the war.
3. The wolf rushed out of the grass and  (sprang upon) a young deer.
4. Loch Ness is world famous for the  (monster) that may not even exist.
5. She would smile happily whenever she  (looked back) to those days with him.
6. The shy soldier would  (stammer) when reporting to his officer.
7. The little black boy with his  (curly) hair is quite eye-catching among the white kids.
8. He was shocked when a strange animal  (dashed) through his legs.
9. The farmer made a  (hollow) in the ground to plant a pine tree in.
10. Television is recognized as one of the most  (revolutionary) inventions in the twentith century.

7. Practice: translation

1. He is ever seen hurrying along in the gloom of night, looking for his lost head.

Reference answer： 人们看见他在幽暗的夜色中匆匆前行，寻找他失去的头颅。

2. He always won the horse races in Tarry Town and earned many prizes. Brom was never seen without a horse.

Reference answer： 达里镇的赛马比赛他总是赢家，赢得了许多奖项。而且，布罗姆总是骑着他的马。

3. Such was the enemy Ichabod had to defeat for Katrina's heart.

Reference answer： 伊卡博德要赢得卡特里娜的心，必须打败这样一个敌人。

4. Gone were his clothes and his skin. All that was left was a man with white bones shining in the moonlight.

Reference answer： 他的衣服和皮肤倏然脱落，仅剩一堆白骨，在月光下闪闪发亮。

5. There, in the dark woods on the side of the river where the bushes grew low, stood an ugly thing.

Reference answer： 河边漆黑的树林中，在低矮的灌木丛里，站着一个丑陋的东西。

6. He rained a shower of kicks and blows upon his horse, hoping by a sudden movement to give his companion the slip; but the spectre started full jump with him.

Reference answer： 他对马一阵拳打脚踢，希望能快速甩掉这个跟踪者，但那个幽灵却全速跟着他跑了起来。

1. The old lady had all the lights on all night long because she thought this was the only way [not to have her house broken into] (防止他人闯入她的房间) .

2. [Gone were the buildings and the trees] (房屋和树木不复存在). All that was left was a complete ruin.

3. [Such was the force of the explosion] (爆炸的力量如此之大) that all the windows were broken.

4. Something black and sharp looked like a gigantic  [monster ready to spring upon the girl] (随时准备扑向女孩的怪物).

5. The car hit the rider so hard that it  [knocked him off his bike to the grass five meters away] (把他从自行车上撞下来，落在了五米开外的草地上).

第五单元

Part 1

4. Working with words and phrases

(d)1. expand into a. rules

(c)2. compress b. a goal

(e)3. blow up c. one's lips

(f)4. conceive d. the next room

(b)5. accomplish e. a dangerous bridge

(a)6. lay down f. an idea

energetic intact satellite reverse accuracy bound density

indications mechanism pillar evolution eventual transition microwave

1. Having collected the data and analyzed it thoroughly, we have confidence in the  (accuracy) of the statistics.
2. All of a sudden, the driver put the lorry in  (reverse) to back it into the garage.
3. There are  (bound) to be changes when the new system is introduced.
4. The interviewer tends to prefer those candidates who are young, bright,  (energetic), and with strong ambition.
5. As for music's emotional influence, there are some  (indications) that music can affect the levels of various hormones.
6. Darwin spent more than twenty years working on his theory of  (evolution), and it stirred up heated debate in the Western world.
7. His careless management and unwise investments led to the  (eventual) bankruptcy of his company.
8. China will launch a communications  (satellite) for Pakistan at an "appropriate time" in the coming days, a spokesman said Wednesday.
9. We have a  (microwave) oven, so it shouldn't take a long time to cook the meal.
10. The  (pillar) in the building does not serve as a support, but as an ornament.

7. Practice: translation

1. In the creation of the universe, everything was compressed into an infinitesimally small point in which all physical laws that we know of do not apply.

Reference answer： 宇宙在形成过程中，万物被压缩成无穷小的一个奇点，在这个奇点中，我们所知的所有物理定律一概无效。

2. There must have been some point in time when the universe was half its current size.

Reference answer： 在某个时间点上，宇宙肯定只有现在的一半大。

3. The Big Bang is the leading theory that almost all astrophysicists believe explains the origin of the universe.

Reference answer： 大爆炸是一条重要理论，几乎所有的天体物理学家都认为它解释了宇宙的起源。

4. As something becomes compressed, as matter was when the universe was young, it becomes hot.

Reference answer： 物体受压缩会变热，而这正是宇宙年轻时物质所处的情况。

5. Once the universe had reached 300,000 years old, atoms could form, and electrons were now bound to a nucleus.

Reference answer： 一旦宇宙达到了30万岁，原子就能形成了，而电子和原子核就束缚在一起。

1. After the devastating earthquake struck this region,  [few buildings remained intact](很少有建筑完好无损).

2. [Although this problem has been solved theoretically](虽然这个问题在理论上得到了解决), the solution is hard to put into practice.

3.  [The more you are prepared to give](你准备付出的越多), the more you will get.

4. People are advised to keep away from this metal, as it gives off a kind of  [radiation that can harm the body](对身体有害的辐射).

5. The inscription on the tablet is valuable as it  [records the evolution of Chinese calligraphy](记录着中国书法的演变).

第六单元

Part 1

4. Working with words and phrases

(d)1. penalty a. the part of a gun that you press with your finger to fire it

(g)2. trap b. a sudden movement down or forwards

(h)3. statue c. a state of calm or comfortable rest

(a)4. trigger d. a punishment for breaking a law, rule, or contract

(c)5. repose e. long or longer than usual or expected

(b)6. plunge f. acting or done quickly, and without thinking carefully about the results

(e)7. extended g. an unpleasant situation from which it is difficult to escape

(f)8. impetuous h. an image of a person or an animal that is made in solid material such as stone or metal and is usually large

resting upon carve at full length squeeze spying wide awake soldierly

alive let go of conceal keen ravage got to impetuous colossal

1. Though he is  (alive) to the danger of the work, he has still applied for it.
2. The manager was surprised when he came back and found his secretary sitting in his chair with her feet  (resting upon) his big desk.
3. Under the influence of alcohol it's hard to stay  (wide awake) while driving.
4. A small  (squeeze) of the chemical, and the carrier would blow himself into pieces.
5. The Japanese officer didn't open fire. Instead he  (let go of) his handgun and pulled out his sword.
6. They lay  (at full length) on their backs on the beach after swimming in the sea for about an hour.
7. Tom's adopted parents tried to  (conceal) his birth information.
8. Psychologists talked about the importance of body language, physical appearance and clothing but they were not so  (keen) on what we actually talked about.
9. He  (got to) his feet, as if by standing he meant to begin correcting what could not be corrected.
10. The police have been  (spying) on the gang's movements for two months.

7. Practice: translation

1. One sunny afternoon, a few weeks later, Carter Druse lay at full length upon his stomach.

Reference answer： 几周后一个阳光明媚的下午，卡特?德鲁兹直挺挺地俯卧着。

2. That was why Carter Druse had been sent to the road to make sure that no enemy soldier spied on the valley, where the Union Army was hiding.

Reference answer： 这正是卡特?德鲁兹受命在这条路上放哨的原因，他的职责就是确保没有敌军士兵侦察联邦军藏身的峡谷。

3. Suddenly, as if a messenger of fate came to touch him on the shoulder, the young man opened his eyes.

Reference answer： 突然，仿佛命运信使拍了拍他的肩膀，这位年轻人睁开了眼睛。

4. The rider sat straight, a strong clutch upon the reins to hold his charger from too impetuous a plunge.

Reference answer： 骑手端坐着，勒紧了缰绳，避免战马过于冲动。

5. Why are you making this into a mystery? I order you to report. Was there anyone on the horse?

Reference answer： 不要故弄玄虚。我命令你报告实情。马背上有人吗？

1.  [He rested his head on the pillow] (他头靠在枕上) to make himself more comfortable.

2. [Aiming at the target] (瞄准了靶子), I pulled the trigger but missed it.

3. There he was — [in plain sight] (完全暴露了自己) as he moved out of the cave for water and food.

4. In order to get more juice, he  [gave the orange another squeeze] (又挤了一下橙子)。

5. She sat down beside her husband, clutching his hands to [keep him from too impetuous a cry] (避免他太冲动叫喊起来).

Part 2

4. Working with words

A. Match the words (1―5) in the text with their definitions (a—e).

(c)1. incentive a. a contestant that you are matched against; opponent

(e)2. maximum b. a particular method or plan for achieving something

(b)3. tactic c. something that makes you want to do something or to work harder

(d)4. objective d. something that you plan to achieve, especially in business or work

a)5. opposition e. the greatest quantity or amount possible, allowable, etc

1. pay off the loan  [还清贷款]

2. go beyond your limit  [超出你的底线]

3. price range  [价位]

4. set out your objectives [理清你的目标]

5. gain the best deal  [完成一笔最合算的交易]

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