2019年高考英语一轮巩固达标练题 Unit 2 English around the world（含解析）新人教版必修1

Unit 2 English around the world

李仕才

***阅读理解

The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America, more than 400 years ago. Their descendants(后代) in Ecuador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high as 14，000 feet up in the Andes Mountains. (That’s higher than any other food will grow.) Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.

People eat potatoes in many ways—baked, mashed, and roasted, to name just three. However, in the United States most potatoes are eaten in the form of French fries. One fast­food chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the company pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.

Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaurants，it must pass many separate tests. Fail any one of these tests and the potato is rejected. To start with, only Russet Burbank potatoes are used. These Idaho potatoes have less water content than other kinds, which can have as much as 80 percent water. Once cut into “shoestrings” shapes，the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils, sprayed with liquid sugar to brown them, steam dried at high heat, then flash frozen for shipment to individual restaurants.

Before shipping，every shoestring is measured. Forty percent of a batch must be between two and three inches long. Another 40 percent has to be over three inches. What about the 20 percent that are left in the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bag are okay，it seems.

So，now that you realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop, you can understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”．

【解题导语】　本文介绍了土豆被引进美国的历史及炸薯条在美国食物产业中举足轻重的地位。

1．Potatoes in North America came directly from ．

A．Chile　　　　　　 B．Europe

C．Ecuador D．the Andes Mountains

B　解析：细节理解题。根据文中第一段最后一句可知，北美最早的土豆来自欧洲。故选B项。

2．Why does the company pay special attention to the way the fries are prepared?

A．Because selling fries is a big business.

B．Because fries are not easy to prepare at all.

C．Because Americans are particular about fries.

D．Because the government has a strict rule for that.

A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的One fast­food chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the company pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.可知，在美国，炸薯条是个很大的行业，所以会被特殊关注。故选A项。

3．In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to say ．

A．small potatoes cannot be used for fries

B．potatoes are really important for Americans

C．eating in America is the very first thing

D．fries are really important for food industry

D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”可知，在美国，炸薯条在食品产业中不是“小土豆”(无足轻重的东西)，由此可推测，炸薯条在食品产业中占有重要的地位。故选D项。

4．What is the main idea of this passage?

A．The average American eats 50 pounds of potatoes a year.

B．French fries are made from potatoes.

C．Potato is a key vegetable in America.

D．The various terms for potatoes have a long history.

C　解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，在美国，土豆可以有多种吃法，尤其是炸薯条，深受人们的欢迎，也因此带来了强大的商业利润，在食品产业中占有重要地位。因此，本文的主旨是，在美国土豆是很重要的蔬菜。故选C项。

***语法填空

There's no such thing __1__ living alone. Never mind if you're the only person in your house and have no dog, no cat, or even no fish. You still have got several billion __2__ (roommate) and so do we all. Some of them are harmless, some are __3__ (actual) helpful and some could even kill you. They are, of course, bacteria, fungi (霉菌) and viruses, and whether you like it or not, they're on you, around you, and deeply within you. The fact __4__ bacteria are everywhere is not surprising. It's something you __5__ (learn) from your childhood when your mother told you not to drink water from someone else's glass. There are lots of bacteria __6__ are living in your tea kettle. There are bacteria __7__ (sleep) with you on your bed. Scientists are beginning __8__ (realize) the richness of the microbiome (微生物群系), which is as complex as the ones __9__ (find) in oceans, rainforests, deserts and woodlands. Your house has a microbiome and __10__ do you.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　

6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。世上没有真正独自的生活，即使你单独在家，家里没有狗、猫或者鱼，你身边还是有成千上万的陪伴者——各种细菌、霉菌和病毒。

1．as　考查固定结构。There is no such thing as ... “没有像……这样的事”。

2．roommates　考查名词的复数。roommate为可数名词，由several billion可知，应用复数形式。

3．actually　考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰形容词helpful。

4．that　考查同位语从句的连接词。根据语境可知，本句中含有由that引导的同位语从句，解释说明The fact的具体内容。

5．learned/learnt　考查动词的时态。根据下文中的told可知，应用一般过去时。

6．which/that　考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为bacteria，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用which或that。

7．sleeping　考查非谓语动词。bacteria与sleep存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。

8．to realize　考查非谓语动词。start和begin后跟表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时，如understand和realize等，常用不定式。

9．found　考查非谓语动词。the ones与find是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。

10．so　考查特殊句型。“so＋助动词＋主语”表示“……也如此”。

***完形填空

My daughter(now 18)was born with a hemangioma tumor(血管瘤)by her eye.At first it was small, and hardly __1__.After five months，it became the __2__ of a coin.__3__ I took her out，people could not __4__ their comments to themselves.“Who hit her？”，“Is that a bug bite？” I never could think of a(n) __5__ response for these people.I was __6__ to be kind and understanding，and assumed that other people had also been taught these __7__.One day I was at the __8__，with my 3­year­old son，my daughter，and at this time pregnant with my third child.A woman __9__ me，I thought here we go __10__.

She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to __11__ him，as he left her with a __12__.She went on to say that __13__ with these kisses were always surrounded by angels.I was astonished.What a __14__，more loving approach to someone with a problem!

My daughter will __15__ this year from High School.She is beautiful.Her early years were spent in and out of __16__.Finally the tumor was removed，because it __17__ her vision.It is not noticeable __18__ in the bright sun.She spent this year as the dance scholar for our school.She danced for 4 years on our dance­drill team.She had __19__ many scholarships.Her life is wonderful.The woman in the mall made me a better parent.Perhaps，this __20__ will help make someone else a better parent，too.

1．A.noticeable　　　　B．bearable

C．recognized D．accepted

2．A.colour B．weight

C．size D．width

3．A.One day B．Every time

C．Later D．Recently

4．A.make B．help

C．tell D．hold

5．A.exact B．appropriate

C．rude D．practical

6．A.learned B．brought

C．considered D．taught

7．A.qualities B．principles

C．questions D．opinions

8．A.party B．office

C．mall D．meeting

9．A.approached B．saw

C．appreciated D．called

10．A.now B．later

C．again D．quickly

11．A.understand B．leave

C．hate D．remember

12．A.scar B．kiss

C．mark D．sign

13．A.mothers B．gods

C．faces D．babies

14．A.stranger B．cleverer

C．kinder D．happier

15．A.develop B．succeed

C．graduate D．improve

16．A.hospitals B．schools

C．illness D．sight

17．A.blocked B．stopped

C．injured D．deepened

18．A.despite B．except

C．although D．because

19．A.given B．proved

C．left D．received

20．A.lesson B．story

C．adventure D．tumor

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一个陌生人的暖心话语使作者在女儿的问题上成为了更好的家长，她希望这个故事能够使其他的父母也成为更好的家长。

1．A　考查形容词辨析。根据前面的“At first it was small”可知，此处应指血管瘤刚开始很小，几乎不能被注意到。A项意为“明显的”，符合语境。B项意为“可忍受的”；C项意为“公认的，经过验证的”；D项意为“可接受的”，均与语境不符。故选A项。

2．C　考查名词辨析。上文提到，刚开始，血管瘤很小，几乎不能被注意到；由“After five months”可知，此处与上文形成对比，指五个月后，血管瘤长到硬币那样大。C项意为“大小，尺寸”，符合语境。A项意为“颜色”；B项意为“重量”；D项意为“宽度”，均与语境不符。故选C项。

3．B　考查状语从句。根据语境可知，此处指每次“我”带她出去玩的时候；分析句子结构可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，every time意为“每当……的时候”，可引导时间状语从句，符合题意，而其他三项无此用法。故选B项。

4．D　考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指人们看到“我”的女儿总是无法停下他们的评论。D项意为“停下”，符合语境。故选D项。

5．B　考查形容词辨析。由语境可知，此处指“我”从没想出一个适当的回应给这些人。B项意为“适当的”，符合语境。A项意为“精确的”；C项意为“粗鲁的”；D项意为“实用的”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

6．D　考查动词辨析。根据下文“assumed that other people had also been taught these”中的“taught”可知，“我”被教导要善良，要体谅别人，所以“我”认为其他人也被这样教导。故选D项。

7．A　考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“kind and understanding”可知，此处指他们也被教导这样的品质。A项意为“品质”，符合语境。B项意为“原则”；C项意为“问题”；D项意为“观点”，均与语境不符。故选A项。

8．C　考查名词辨析。根据最后一段倒数第二句“The woman in the mall made me a better parent.”中的“mall”可知，此处指一天怀孕的“我”带着女儿和3岁的儿子在商场买东西。故选C项。

9．A　考查动词辨析。根据下文可知，此处指有一个女人向“我”走来。A项意为“靠近”，符合语境。B项意为“看见”；C项意为“欣赏，感激”；D项意为“给……打电话”，均与语境不符。故选A项。

10．C　考查副词辨析。根据上文人们看见“我”的女儿就会进行评论可知，此处指“我”想在这里“我们”会再次遭遇同样的经历。故选C项。

11．B　考查动词辨析。根据下文内容可知，此处指那个女人说，上帝一定是不想让“我”的女儿离开他。B项意为“离开”，符合语境。A项意为“理解”；C项意为“憎恨”；D项意为“记得”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

12．B　考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“with these kisses were always surrounded by angels”可知，此处指上帝在“我”女儿的脸上留下了一个吻。B项意为“吻”，符合语境。A项意为“疤痕”；C项意为“标记”；D项意为“迹象”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

13．D　考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指有这样吻痕的孩子会永远被天使围绕着。故选D项。

14．C　考查形容词辨析。根据“more loving”可知，此处指这与那些总是进行评论的人相比是更友善、更有爱意的方式。C项意为“更友善的”，符合语境。A项意为“更奇怪的”；B项意为“更聪明的”；D项意为“更快乐的”，均与语境不符。故选C项。

15．C　考查动词辨析。根据“from High School”可知，此处指“我”的女儿今年会高中毕业。C项意为“毕业”，符合语境。A项意为“发展”；B项意为“成功”；D项意为“改善”，均与语境不符。故选C项。

16．A　考查名词辨析。根据上文内容可知，作者的女儿患有血管瘤；由此可推知，为了看病，女儿早些年一定是进进出出于医院。故选A项。

17．A　考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“Finally the tumor was removed”可知，最后，血管瘤被摘除了，因为它阻碍了她的视力。A项意为“阻碍”，符合语境。B项意为“停止”；C项意为“伤害”；D项意为“加深”，均与语境不符。故选A项。

18．B　考查词义辨析。根据语境可知，此处指现在，如果不是在明亮的阳光下，她那小小的伤疤一点也不明显。B项意为“除了”，符合语境。A项意为“不管”；C项意为“尽管”；D项意为“因为”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

19．D　考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“many scholarships”可知，此处指女儿得到了许多奖学金。D项意为“收到，拿到”，符合语境。A项意为“给”；B项意为“证明”；C项意为“离开”，均与语境不符。故选D项。

20．B　考查名词辨析。纵观全文可知，本文作者叙述的是一个关于自己和女儿的故事。故此处表示，那个在商场里遇到的女人让“我”成为一个称职的家长。或许，这个故事也能够使其他人成为更好的家长。B项意为“故事”，符合语境。A项意为“课，教训”；C项意为“冒险经历”；D项意为“肿瘤”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

长难句分析：She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to leave him, as he left her with a kiss.(第二段第一句)

分析：本句是复合句。that引导宾语从句，作said的宾语；must not have done表示对过去事实的否定推测，意为“一定不……”；as引导原因状语从句。

译文：她说上帝一定是舍不得让我的女儿离开他，因为他留给了她一个吻。

词汇积累：tumor n．瘤　pregnant adj.怀孕的

vision n．视力，视线　scholarship n．奖学金

***短文改错

Three years ago I became a student in an ordinary school. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly­equipped classroom, I found the teachers patiently and considerate. Beside, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I decided to make the best of it. I worked hardly and got along well my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they are always available. Soon, I became one of the top student in our class, that greatly increased my confidence and I got more motivated. My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make a use of it what determines who you are.

答案：

Three years ago I became a student in an ordinary school. as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly­equipped classroom, I found the teachers and considerate.， I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I decided to make the best of it. I worked and got along well my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they always available. Soon, I became one of the top in our class, greatly increased my confidence and I got more motivated. My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it determines who you are.

难项分析：

第三处：Beside→Besides　考查副词。根据语境可知，此处表示“此外，而且”。beside为介词，表示“在……旁边”。故把Beside改为Besides。

第八处：that→which　考查定语从句的引导词。根据句子结构来判断，逗号后的句子是一个非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面整个主句的内容，故把that改为which。

第十处：what→that　考查强调句型。根据句子结构来判断，这是一个强调句型“It is＋被强调部分＋that ... ”，句中强调的是主语not what ... use of it(含有not ... but ... 结构)，故把what改为that。

***

本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/f4a85d19793e0912a21614791711cc7931b778ae.html