2019高考英语二轮阅读理解（三月）强化练习18及解析

2019高考英语二轮阅读理解（三月）强化练习18及解析

ManyJapanesenevertaketheirvacationstheyshouldenjoy,butwiththecomingof“GoldenWeek”,aseries(系列)ofholidaysfollowingoneafteranotherinlateAprilandearlyMay,theypouroutofthecountrybytensofthousands.ThemostpopularplacetheygotoisHawaii,butHongKong,Singapore,SouthKoreaandTaiwanarealsofavoured.ThetypicalJapaneseabroad,asitisreported,travelforaboutaweekandspends,asaverage,$2,800onairlinetickets,hotelsandgiftsforfriendsandrelatives.Itmayseemhigh,butit’scheapfortheJapanese,whowouldhavetospendalotmoreiftheyspendaweektouring(makingajourney)theirowncountry.

1.ManyJapanese_______.

A.don’tenjoytakingvacations B.enjoytouringinGoldenWeek

C.don’thavevacations D.enjoystayingathome

2.TheperiodinlateAprilandearlyMayiscalledGoldenWeekbecause_______.

A.theweekismadeofgolddays

B.itiswarmforpeopletotour

C.holidayscomeoneafteranotherinthisperiod

D.itisstillspringthen

3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.TheJapaneseneverenjoytravellingmorethanoneweek.

B.TheJapaneselikebesttotraveltosomepartintheU.S.byair.

C.TravellingathomecostlessthanabroadfortheJapanese.

D.HawaiiisthemostbeautifulplacetovisitinAsia.

4.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.VacationsfortheJapanese

B.CostsofTravellinginJapan

C.PlacestheJapaneseEnjoyTravellingto

D.JapaneseinGoldenWeek

【答案与解析】本文报道了日本人黄金周的活动情况。

1.B。细节题。根据第1句后面的并列分句…theypouroutofthecountrybytensofthousands可推知此题答案为B。

2.C。细节题。根据第1句后面的并列分句aseries(系列)ofholidaysfollowingoneafteranother可推知此题答案为C。

3.B。细节题。根据第2句ThemostpopularplacetheygotoisHawaii及后面的$2,800onairlinetickets可推知此题答案为B。

4.D。主旨题。根据文章内容，就可以很容易推出答案为D。

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Scientistsaredevelopinganewkindofmachinetotaketheplaceofhumans.Thesemachinescandojobsinplacesthataretoodangerousforhumans.Forexample,theyarebeingdevelopedtoworkinnuclearpowercenter,deepundertheoceansandinouterspace.

JohnMarrit,apsychologist(心理学家)inWilliamsburgMassachusetts,helpeddevelopthenewmachine.Thisishowtheywork.Amachineisplacedinanareafarawayfromthepersonwhooperatesit.Thepersonwearsspecialhardhatwithtelevisionscreensandsoundequipment.Thescreensandsoundequipmentletthepersonseeandhearexactlywhatthemachineisseeingandhearing.Mr.Marritsaysthisgivesthepersonthefeelingofbeinginthesameplaceasthemachine.Theidea,hesays,isbeingtherewithoutgoingthere.Thepersonusesanelectroniccontroltomakethemachinemove.Themachinecopiestheperson’smovementsexactly.Ifthepersonraiseshisrightarm,themachineraisestherightarm,too.Thismeansanexpertcandoadangerousjobwhilestayinginthesafeplace.Forexample,apersoncandirectthemachinetodestroyabombwithoutgoingnearthebombhimself.

1.Thenewkindofmachinebeingintroducedinthepassageis_______.

A.inexistence           B.onlyanidea

C.beingtriedout          D.beingresearchedanddeveloped

2.Themachine_______.

A.followstheperson’sorder      

B.iscontrolledbyacomputer

C.doesexactlywhatthepersondoes  

D.iscontrolledbyatelevisionontheperson’shead

3.Thedifferencebetweensuchanewmachineandarobotisthat_______.

A.thenewmachineismoredifficulttomakethanarobot

      B.thenewmachineismoredifficulttobecontrolled

      C.arobotiscontrolledbymanindirectly

D.arobotcan’tbeusedinplacestoodangerousorfaraway

【答案与解析】科学家正在开发一种代替人的机器，这种机器能代替人们从事一些危险的工作。

1.D。判断题。从第1句话Scientistsaredevelopinganewkindofmachinetotaketheplaceofhumans可以看出，既然是正在开发当中，那肯定还未形成。

2.C。语义理解题。从第2段中的Themachinecopiestheperson’smovementsexactly可以明显看出为什么选C的原因。A项有一定的干扰性，但这种机器是人通过电控开关控制的，所以应排除。

3.A。判断题。这种机器还在开发当中，而机器人那么有几十年历史了，由此可以肯定答案应该选A。

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Honeybees

Honeybeescandothreekindsofjobs.

Thehoneybeeisoneofthemostunusualinsectsintheworld.Beesarespecialbecausetheydivideuptheirwork.Eachbeehasacertainjobtodo.

Thebusiestbeeistheworker.Workersbuildthenest,calledahive.Insidethehive,workersmakeahoneycombfromwax(蜂蜡).Theystorehoneythereforfood.Workersarealwayscleaningandfixingthehive.Theyevenstandattheopeningandfantheirwingstocoolthehive.Workerbeeswillattackanything—evenpeople—tokeeptheirhivesafe.

Anotherkindofbeeisthedrone(雄蜂).Dronesaremalebees,andtheirjobistoflywiththequeenbeeandmatewithher.Afterthequeenmates,theworkerbeesdrivethedronesaway.Thedronesthenstarvetodeath.

Thethirdkindofbeeisthequeen.Eachhiveneedsonlyonequeen,andherjobislayingeggs.Shecanlayasmanyas2,000eggsaday.

1.Thebee’snestiscalleda_______.

A.drone B.honeycomb C.hive D.wax

2.Waxisusedtomakethe_______.

A.nest B.honeycomb C.fan D.hive

3.Whichjobsdoworkersdo?

A.Theylay2,000eggseachdayandbuildanest.

B.Theymatewiththequeenbeeandthenstarve.

C.Theycleanthehiveandkeepitcool.

D.Theyattackthequeenbee.

4.Accordingtothestory,bees_______.

A.areverydangerousinsects

B.willattackanythingoranyonetoprotectthehive,ifnecessary

C.arelikeanyotherinsectthatflies

D.eateachotherasfood

5.Thedroneisdrivenawaywhenitsjobisfinished,because_______.

A.itattackedtheworkers

B.itisnolongerneededinthehive

C.thequeenbeehasdied

D.itatethequeenbee

【答案与解析】本文介绍了蜜蜂社会的分工及生活情况。

1.C。细节题。根据句子Workersbuildthenest,calledahive可推知此题答案为C。

2.B。细节题。根据句子Insidethehive,workersmakeahoneycombfromwax可推知此题答案为B。

3.C。细节题。根据第3段第3句和第4两句工蜂总是打扫蜂房，用翅膀扇凉蜂房可推知此题答案为C。

4.B。细节题。根据文章第3段最后一句：工蜂为了保护蜂房的安全会对包括人类在内的任何东西进行攻击。由此可推知此题答案为B。

5.B。推断题。根据文章第4段所说雄蜂的工作就是跟蜂后交配，任务完成后，它已无存在的必要，于是，就被工蜂赶走饿死。由此可推知此题答案为B。

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Americandoctorssaythatmotherswhosmokecigarettesbeforetheirbabiesarebornmayslowthegrowthoftheirbabies’lungs.Theysayreducedlunggrowthcouldcausethebabiestosufferbreathingproblemsandlungdiseaselaterinlife.DoctorsinBoston,Massachusettsstudied1100children.Themothersofsomeofthechildrensmoked,theothermothersdidnot.Doctorsfoundthatthelungsofthechildrenwhosemotherssmokedwere8%lessdevelopedthanthelungsofthechildrenwhosemothersdidnotsmoke,andthatthechildrenwhosemotherssmokeddeveloped20%morecoldandbreathingdiseasesthanotherchildrenlaterinlife.

Anotherrecentstudyfoundthatchildrenhadagreaterchanceofdevelopinglungcanceriftheirmotherssmoked.Thestudyalsoshowedthatthedangeroflungcancerincreasedonlyforsonsandnotfordaughters,andthatthefather’ssmokingdidnotaffectachild’schanceofdevelopinglungcancer

1.Motherwhosmokesbeforeherchildisbornmay_______.

A.slowthegrowthofherbaby’slung

B.causeherbabytosufferbreathingproblemsandlungdiseaselaterinlife

C.makeherchilddeveloplungcancer

D.Allofaboveareright

2.DoctorsinBostonstudied1100childrento_______.

A.examinewhetherthesechildrenwerehealthy

B.findoutwhethertheirmothershadsmoked

C.findwhythesechildrensufferedbreathingproblemsandlungdisease

D.lookintotheeffectthatmother’ssmokinghadontheirchildren

3.SupposeJohn’sfatherwasaheavysmoker,sowasMary’smother.Accordingthispassage,_______.

A.Johnismorelikelytodeveloplungcancer

B.Maryismorelikelytodeveloplungcancer

C.JohnandMaryhavethesamechancetodevelopcancer

D.neitherJohnnorMaryhasthechancetodevelopcancer

4.Thispassageisto_______.

A.warnusofthedangerofsmokingbeforechildren

B.warnpeoplewithbreathingproblemsnottosmoke

C.warnusthatmotherswhosmokemayaffecttheirchildren’shealth

D.warnusthatfatherswhosmokemayaffecttheirchildrenasmothers

(1—4DDAC)

【答案与解析】本文介绍了母亲吸烟对孩子身体健康的影响。

1.D。推断题。根据文章第1段第【一】二句及第2段第1句可推知此题答案为D。

2.D。推断题。根据文章第1段中介绍DoctorsinBoston的实验结果，可推知此题答案为D。

3.B。推断题。文章第2段说：最近另一项研究发现，如果母亲吸烟，那么孩子得肺癌打骂能性会增大。研究还说明：儿子得肺癌的危险性增加，而女儿没有；父亲吸烟对小孩得肺癌的可能性无影响，从而可推知此题答案为B。

4.C。主旨题。根据文章第1句、最后一句及全文内容可推知此题答案为C。

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