英语课外阅读三
（一）
Almost every woman knows about Gabrielle Chanel. She was a famous fashion designer. Chanel's perfume and fashion has been popular among women all over the world. Let's learn about Gabrielle Chanel.
Gabrielle Chanel was born in France in 1883. She was born in a very poor family. Her mother died when Chanel was six years old. Later on, her father abandoned(抛弃) her. Chanel was brought up by her aunt.
Chanel took the name Coco when she worked as a cafe singer in 1905. She opened her first store in Paris in 1910.Coco designed some smart hats and the hats soon became popular among some rich women
In the 1920s, Chanel became a top fashion designer in Paris she designed some modern and simple clothes that were often based on menswear. The clothes were comfortable and elegant(优雅的) and they were in fashion all over Europe. Later on, people in other countries learned about her clothes and fell in love with them .
In 1922 Chanel introduced her perfume, Chanel No 5. Lots of women loved the perfume. Now it is still loved by women all over the world.
一、全文翻译
几乎每个女人都认识加布里埃·香奈儿。她是一位著名的时装设计师。香奈儿的香水和时装一直受到全世界女人的欢迎。让我们了解一下加布里埃·香奈儿吧。
加布里埃·香奈儿于1883年生于巴黎。她出生在一个很贫困的家庭。香奈儿的妈妈在她6岁时去世了。后来，她的爸爸也抛弃了她。香奈儿是由她的姨妈养大的。在1905年，香奈儿在咖啡厅当歌手的时候取名Coco她于1910年在巴黎开了第一家店铺。Coco设计了许多时髦的帽子，这些帽子很快在一些富有的女人中变得很受欢迎。
在20世纪20年代，香奈儿成了巴黎的一名顶尖级的时装设计师。她设计了许多以男装为基础的现代而简洁的衣服。那些衣服很舒适，也很优雅，它们很快在欧洲流行起来。后来，其他国家的人们也知道了她的服装，并且爱上了它们。
在1922年，香奈儿引人了香奈几5号香水。许多女人都爱这种香水。现在，它仍然倍受世界各地女人的喜爱。
二、词汇收藏
1. bring up养育；养大
The poor girl was brought up by her grandma.这个可怜的女孩是由她的奶奶养大的
2.base/beis/v.以……为基础This song is based on an old folk tune.这首歌是以一首民间小调为基础的。
3. later on过后；以后
Later on he got a job as a clerk in a bank.后来他找到了一份做银行职员的工作。
4. introduce/ ˌɪntrəˈdju:s/n。介绍；引进；传入
He introduced his brother to us.他把他的弟弟介绍给我们。
Buddhism was introduced into China about A D. 67.佛教大约是在公元六十七年传入中国的。
三、长难句分析
She designed modern and simple clothes that were often based on menswear。
她设计了许多以男装为基础的现代而简洁的衣服。本句中的 that were often based on menswear是定语从句，修饰先行词 clothes，that是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）
Andrew Carnegie was a successful businessman and he was one of the richest Americans. However, lots of people didn't believe that he was born in a very poor family. Let' s learn about his early life.
Andrew Carnegie had to make a living when he was very young. Little Andrew found a job in a factory at the age of 12. He had to work from six in the morning until six at night. He earned only $1. 20 a week. Then he found a new job as a boiler fireman and earned $1.65 a week. He had worked for a few months. The job was dangerous because the boiler(锅炉) might explode and kill him if he was not careful. Later on, Carnegie found a new job again. He worked as a messenger boy for $2.50 a week. Messenger boys could earn more if they ran faster. Although he was younger than the others, he was the fastest of all. Soon he earned $3.00 a week. In his spare time, he had the chance to learn how to send messages by telegraph. Finally, he studied well enough to become a telegraph operator, earning $25 a month. His life got better and better as he earned more and more money.
一、全文翻译
安德鲁·卡内基是一位成功的商人，他是最富有的美国人之一。然而，许多人不相信他出生于一个贫困的家庭。让我们了解一下他早年的生活吧。
安德鲁·卡内基很小的时候就开始谋生。小安德鲁12岁的时候在一家工厂找了一份工作。他不得不从早上6点工作到晚上6点。他一周只能赚1.2美元。然后，他又找到了一个当锅炉工的工作，一周可以赚1.65美元。他工作了几个月的时间。那份工作很危险，因为如果他不小心的话，锅炉可能会爆炸而杀死他。
后来，卡内基又找了一份新工作。他当信差一周可以赚2.5美元。信差如果跑得更快就可以赚得更多。尽管他比其他人年龄小，但他跑得最快。他很快一周就可以赚3美元了。在空闲时间，他有机会学习用电报发信息。最后他学得足够好可以当电报员了，一个月可以赚25美元。随着他赚的钱越来越多，他的生活也变得越来越好。
二、词汇收藏
1.believe v.相信；认为If I believe in myself, I will be successful.如果我相信自己，我一定能成功。
2. make a living谋生 He made a living by repairing bikes.他靠修理自行车谋生
3.earn/ə：n/v.赚；挣钱 He earned some money by selling vegetables.他通过卖蔬莱赚了一些钱。
4. careful adj.小心的；认真的 Be careful when you walk across the street 你过马路的时候要小心。
5. in one’s spare time在某人闲暇时间
Do you like reading in your spare time? 你在课余时间喜欢读书吗?
三、长难句分析
The job was dangerous because the boiler might explode and kill him if he was not careful.那份工作很危险，因为如果他不小心的话，锅炉可能会爆炸而杀死他。
本句中 because引导的原因状语从句，主句是 The job was dangerous,从句是the boiler might explode and kill him if he was not care该从句中的 he was not careful是if引导的条件状语从句。 (三)
The black widow spider is one of the most frightening spiders in the world. It's venom(毒液)is very poisonous and is said to be at least 15 times more poisonous than the venom of a rattlesnake(响尾蛇)。
Black widow spiders are found in many parts of the world. but in the United States they only lived in warm areas in the southern and western parts of the country. Black widow spiders are fond of dark places such as under rocks or logs. In houses, they may live in cl
osets, furniture ,pipes or basements.
The female black widow spiders can grow to lengths of about 1.5 inches. Males are smaller but have longer leg. After a female and a male mate(交配)，the female often kills and eats the male. That's why they get the name black“ widow" spiders.
Black widow spiders usually use their webs to catch some insects and eat them. They also bite humans when they feel threatened. Their venom is not toxic(有毒的)enough to normally cause death, but
it is very painful to be bitten by them. It's best to go to hospital at once if you are bitten by them. Headaches, chest pain, muscle cramps(痉挛)and trouble breathing are the most common "symptoms".
一、全文翻译
黑寡妇蜘蛛是世界上最令人恐惧的蜘蛛之一。它的毒液毒性很大，据说比响尾蛇的毒液毒性大至少15倍。黑寡妇蜘蛛在世界的许多地方都可以找到，但是在美国，它们只居住在该国南部和西部暖和的地区。黑寡妇蜘蛛喜欢岩石或木头下方的黑暗地方。在房子里，它们可
能居住在壁橱、家具、水管或地下室里。
雌性的黑寡妇蜘蛛能长到大约1.5英寸长。雄性的较小，但是拥有更长的腿。在雌性和雄性交配之后，雌性经常杀死并吃了雄性。那就是它们得到黑“寡妇”蜘蛛这个名字的原因。
黑寡妇蜘蛛通常用网捕捉一些昆虫，并且吃掉它们。当它们觉得受到威胁的时候，它们也会叮咬人类。它们的毒液毒性还不够大，不足以致人死亡，但是，被它们叮咬也是很疼的。如果你被它们咬了，最好马上去医院。头疼胸部疼痛肌肉疼和呼吸困难是最常见的症状
二、词汇收藏
2. furniture/ ˈfɜ:nɪtʃə(r) /n.家具
They went to the shopping mall and bought some furniture。他们去购物中心买了一些家具。
3. length [leŋθ] n.长度 What is the length of the car?这辆汽车有多长?
4. normally/ˈnɔ:məli/adv..通常 Hilda normally goes to bed at nine o'clock 希尔达通常9点睡觉。
normal adj.正常的
5. at once立即；马上
When people are in need of help, he will appear at once.当人们需要帮助的时候，他马上就会出现。
6. common/kɔmən/adj.普通的；常见的
We have a lot in common.我们有很多相似之处.
common sense常识
三、长难句分析
It's venom is very poisonous and is said to be at least 15times more poisonous than the venom
of a rattlesnake.它的毒液毒性很大，据说比响尾蛇的毒液毒性大至少15倍。
本句中 is said是一般现在时的被动语态；“基数词+times+比较级+than”是描述倍数的结构。
(四)
A solar-powered(大阳能动力的) plane has passed an important test on the way to travel around the world. The plane took off from an airport in Switzerland at 45km an hour. It slowly rose above the fields and into the sky. During the 90-minute flight ,the plane did several turns. It climbed nearly 1.6 km above the countryside.
"There has never been an airplane of that kind that could fly---- never an airplane so big, so light, using so little energy, " said Bertrand Piccard, a leader of the project.
Engineers planned to test a night flight soon. They planned to travel around the world in that plane in two years." We want to fly it day and night with no fuel(燃料),” Piccard said.
Piccard and pilot Andre Borschberg will take the plane around the world. They will make a few stops to change places and rest after a long time in the air and to show off their aircraft
The plane flies at 70 kilometers per hour on average. The pilots will keep the plane in the air for up to five days at a time
一． 全文翻译
一架太阳能飞机已经通过了一项迈向环行世界之旅的重要考核。这架飞机从瑞士一个机场以每小时45公里的速度起飞，徐徐上升离开地面，然后冲入空中。在这90分钟的飞行中，飞机转了好几圈，它上升到离地面1.6公里的高空。
一位名叫伯特兰·皮卡尔的项目负责人说：“从来没有这种类型的飞机可以起飞，它这么大，这么轻，飞行能耗又这么低。”
工程师们计划近期安排夜间飞行试验。他们计划两年后用这架飞机环行世界。皮卡尔说：“我们想让它从早到晚不用燃料都能飞。”
皮卡尔和飞行员安德烈·波尔施博格要乘坐这架飞机环行世界。他们会停靠几站，转换地方，长时间飞行后休息一下，并且展示一下他们的飞机。这架飞机以平均每小时70公里的速度飞行。飞行员将驾驶飞机在天空中一次连续飞行5天以上。
二．词汇收藏
1. take off起飞 I felt excited as the plane took off.飞机起飞时，我感到兴奋。
2.rise/raiz/".上升 Temperatures rarely rise above freezing here. 这儿的气温很少升到零度以上。
3.fight/flait/n.飞行
Many people have trouble sleeping after a long flight.许多人在长途飞行之后都会出现入睡困难的情况
4. engineer/ ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r) /n.工程师 He trained as an engineer.他接受过工程师的培训。
5. show off炫耀；卖弄
Tom showed off his new iPad in the classroom.汤姆在教室里炫耀他的新iPad
6. on average平均来看On average, men still earn more than women.平均来看，男性仍比女性挣得多。
三、长难句分析
There has never been an airplane of that kind that could fly- -never an airplane so big, so light, using so little energy…从来没有这种类型的飞机可以起飞，它这么大这么轻，飞行能耗又这么低
句中“ There has…been…”是 there be句型的现在完成时形式， never
是现在完成时的标志。句中第一个that是指示代词，表示“那”， an airplane of that kind指代太阳能飞机，第二个that是引导定语从句的关系代词。
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