2018年高考英语模拟试题
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Australians really know how to have a good time. Any type of hobby that you can think of can be found in Australia. The following are four top Australian pastimes.
Fishing
Fishing is probably one of the most popular free-time activities in Australia and many people love spending their free time waiting at the end of a rod for a fish to bite on their line. There is free public access to almost all beaches， canals and coasts， which means there are plenty of great places to fish.
Surfing
Another popular pastime of the Australians is surfing. Australia has a lot of beautiful surf spots， especially in Queensland. Queensland has some of the best surf beaches in the country such as Noosa Heads， Stradbroke Island， and Burleigh Heads， with the Gold Coast being the best known.
Boating
What else does an Australian do for fun on the weekend？ They might go for a ride on their boat！Plenty of Australians live on the coast and are boat owners. Boat owners might take their craft out to go fishing， or they might just want to sail around the waters slowly.
Barbecues
Australians will also typically host barbecues with their friends and family. They really know how to barbecue. The standard of meat that is cooked and the quality of the cooking is second to none. With New Zealand being so close， the lamb is fresh and absolutely remarkable. But the lamb is not all that is cooked. Any one barbecue in Australia can expect upwards of 7 types of meat， from shrimps （?r） to kangaroos.
21. Which of the following surf spots is the most famous in Queensland？
A. Noosa Heads. B. the Gold Coast.
C. Burleigh Heads. D. Stradbroke Island.
22. What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A. Tourists can hire boats to go for a ride.
B. Tourists prefer fishing to other pastimes.
C. The lamb is imported from New Zealand.
D. People in New Zealand have better cooking skills.
23. What are most of the four top Australian pastimes related to？
A. Water. B. Sightseeing. C. Food. D. Deserts.
B
It’s a rainy， cold winter afternoon. The boys are playing in their rooms， so it’s the perfect time to do some baking， just enjoying the peaceful moment as I knead（揉）bread dough（生面团）. Suddenly， there is the sound of shouting， tears， a door slam， followed one of them calling，“Mom！ He hurt me！”and footsteps running up the stairs. I sigh. My younger son is standing in front of me in tears. I go to hug him as my elder son comes up too， ready to defend his position. All hope of some quiet time has disappeared， but I just don’t feel like playing judge today.
“So， who wants to help me bake some bread？”I ask brightly， ignoring their angry looks at not being able to tell me their tales of bitterness. No takers.
“Bread is boring，”Tristan finally admits.“Okay， what would you like to make？”I ask.“Chocolate！”Sawyer yells， breaking free of my embrace.“Chocolate chip cookies！”Tristan agrees happily.
As I watch Sawyer practice breaking eggs and Tristan reading on his own and patiently instructing his brother on how to measure brown sugar and see their excitement as they use the mixer to grind oats， I know there’s nothing else I’d rather be doing.
The kitchen is a disaster. There is egg juice on the counter， flour on the floor， and a mountain of dishes to clean up. But peering through the mess are two happy faces―covered in chocolate， of course， but， smiling ear to ear---and the mess， and their previous fight， is forgotten.
As we close the curtains， we sit together on the sofa， and dig into the big plate of cookies， fresh from the oven， baked with love and more than a dash of silliness.
24. Why did the writer sigh？
A. Her two sons fought again.
B. She couldn’t do any baking.
C. She had to play with naughty sons.
D. Rain ruined a good winter afternoon.
25. Why do the writer’s two sons look angry？
A. They have to do some housework
B. They can’t play referee today
C. They have no chance to complain
D. They consider themselves treated unfairly
26. While baking chocolate， the two boys ______.
A. asked the writer to go for a rest
B. got along well with each other
C. did everything as the writer asked
D. planned everything carefully in advance
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？
A. Everything Is a Disaster
B. Baking Is Terrible
C. Sons Can Cook
D. Chocolate Cookies End a Fight
C
What is the most common cause for people in the UK to ask for leave due to illness？The answer is not the common cold or flu， but back pain. Back pain affects one in three British adults， costs the country over 5 billion pounds every year and is very difficult to treat. But now Britain's National Health Service（NHS） will be offering a new solution： acupuncture. The ancient Chinese needle treatment has been around in the UK for many years， but this is the first time it has been officially approved by the NHS. Traditionally， doctors in the UK have advised back pain sufferers to stay active， do stretching exercises and take painkillers when necessary. In more serious cases some people are given X-ray treatment or injections with medicines.
However， there is evidence that acupuncture may be more effective than expensive X-rays or injections， so patients who have been suffering for over six weeks should be given a choice. As an alternative to acupuncture， patients will be able to choose either a course of spinal manipulation（脊柱推拿）， or a series of special exercise sessions. In the UK， acupuncture is regarded as an aiding treatment， which means medical procedure hasn’t experienced serious experiments by which scientists prove some treatments work. While many experts have welcomed the policy to make acupuncture available on the NHS， some are still skeptical about its effectiveness.
Research from the US earlier this month found that similar acupuncture using toothpicks（牙签）which do not stick into the skin could be as good as using real needles. So while some are yet to be convinced， back pain sufferers will be hoping that acupuncture helps get them feeling healthy again.
28. According to the passage， which is the best way to treat back pain？
A. To stay active.
B. To be acupunctured.
C. To do stretching exercises
D. To take X-ray treatment or injections.
29. Why are some people still doubtful about the effectiveness of acupuncture？
A. Because they have other choices.
B. Because acupuncture is just an aiding treatment.
C. Because using toothpicks is as good as using real needles.
D. Because acupuncture hasn’t been tested by scientists strictly.
30. What does the author want to prove in the last paragraph？
A. Acupuncture can be an effective treatment for back pain.
B. Toothpicks is a useful tool for acupuncture.
C. Needles are no better than toothpicks.
D. Toothpicks will take place of needles in the future.
31. What does the passage mainly talk about？
A. The magic needles.
B. Acupuncture in the UK.
C. The ways to treat back pain.
D. The reasons for people to ask for leave.
D
Young children often“read”picture books. They’re attracted by the colorful scenery and the realistic characters that contribute to fascinating plots.
Unfortunately， some children can’t use these resources， even if they do know how to read. Take three-year old Elodie Bateson， for example. Elodie was born with under-developed eyes and has retinal detachments（?网膜脱落），making her visually impaired. It is because of people like Elodie that Tom Yeh， head of the Tactile Picture Books Project， has started printing 3D books， so they can feel the illustrations in picture books.
The first book Tom Yeh printed was Goodnight Moon， a popular children’s book about a rabbit going to sleep and wishing good night to his surroundings. In the 3D version of this book， children can feel each thing that the rabbit says good night to， whether it is a cow jumping over the moon， a balloon， or a dollhouse.
Generally， when children grow older， they read by using Braille， a language that was invented by Louis Braille in 1824. It uses different patterns of raised dots representing different letters. Readers can then feel the dots and mentally translate the patterns they feel into words. The only problem is that many blind children do not start learning Braille until they are about six years old.
Another reason why 3D printed books are such a valuable resource is that children don’t have to know how to read to understand them. However， without these， visually impaired kids are losing six developmental years vital to their growth since they can’t take advantage of picture books.
When 3D picture books are printed， plastic is layered（分层放置）repeatedly over a single shape： the shape of the illustration. These raised pictures created through layered plastic serve as substitutes for the Braille letters that little children have no knowledge of.
32. What does the underlined word“impaired”in paragraph 2 mean？
A. Unmatched. B. Disappeared.
C. Defeated. D. Damaged.
33. What can we know about Braille from Paragraph 5？
A. The blind at any age can read by using Braille.
B. Most people can translate Braille into words.
C. Blind kids begin learning Braille at about six years old.
D. Braille uses similar patterns of raised dots to stand for different letters.
34. We can know that the illustrations in 3D books are raised ______.
A. dots B. pictures C. letters D. plastic
35. What is the aim of the Tactile Picture Books Project？
A. To teach the blind children Braille.
B. To encourage kids to read books.
C. To cure visually impaired children.
D. To help the blind children read picture books.
第二? （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
In years past， you couldn’t talk to me before 10∶00 in the morning， much less expect me to get anything useful done. And the weekends？Forget it. If the time had“.”attached to the end of it， you’d better believe I was face-down in a pillow. 36 . I’m mentally forming my to-do list before I even open my eyes. I find that my best writing is done within the first few hours after I wake up. So what’s my secret？ 1. 37 .
Night time preparation is half the battle. A few minutes at night to set up the coffee pot， lay out an outfit， and get your lunch together for the following day can be a godsend come sunrise.
2. Set two alarms.
The first one is gentle， within reach and set for five minutes before you really need it. This comforting sound will slowly wake you up. 38 .
3. Do something that is truly， genuinely YOU.
39 . Enjoy your coffee slowly. Take a walk or do ten minutes of yoga. If you walk out the door with peace in your heart， you’ll carry it with you throughout the day.
If you generally struggle in the evening hours， don’t push yourself too hard to go against nature. Lean into your afternoon energy but use these tips to help you embrace those tough mornings with a bit more grace（优雅）. 40 ！
A. Get things ready in advance
B. Setting some exciting music for your alarm may also help
C. Nowadays， however， despite my best efforts I cannot sleep past 8
D. Give yourself a little“me”time before the hustle（忙碌、奔忙） begins
E. In time you might find yourself changing into a“morning person”after all
F. Losing an hour of sleep will decrease your ability to think the following day.
G. The second one should be louder， and set for the time you actually need to get up
第三部分 英?Z知识运用 （共两节，满分 45）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Little Adeline Roe stands on the edge of the swimming pool， preparing to jump in. She can hear the 41 from her parents nearby and from the instructor in the water. But she 42 to see them.
43 ， she was born with Cone Dystrophy ― a rare genetic disorder that 44 her vision is not only blurry（模糊），but she cannot see color and has a（n） 45 sensitivity to light. But Adeline is 46 to live a life where her legal blindness won’t get 47 . Each Saturday， she learns to 48 through a program called Rapidswim. The program uses 49 instructors to work one-on-one with people living with a 50 to improve overall fitness， water confidence， and communication.
Adeline herself says：“I love my swimming because it’s very 51 and I feel free.”The 52 use a pool noodle under Adeline’s belly to keep her floating while they 53 the correct techniques with movement of her legs and arms， 54 she can’t learn by visual demonstration. Adeline wears tinted（涂色）sunglasses to help 55 very bright light to aid her vision， and she wears hats most of the time to give extra 56 . Mum and dad couldn’t be more 57 of their daughter “We try to give her every 58 and encourage her to try everything that she wants，”her mother says.“We’re careful ... but she likes to show her 59 and have a good crack （努力尝试） at everything.”
It seems that 60 will hold her back.
41. A. amazement B. encouragement
C. disappointment D. discussion
42. A. expects B. pretends
C. happens D. struggle
43. A. In fact B. Therefore
C. What’s worse D. In addition
44. A. confirms B. means
C. reports D. admits
45. A. extreme B. serious
C. dramatic D. advanced
46. A. glad B. forced
C. surprised D. determined
47. A. on the way B. in the way
C. off the way D. in a way
48. A. speak B. survive
C. swim D. communicate
49. A. curious B. worried
C. qualified D. practical
50. A. disability B. shortcoming
C. fault D. technique
51. A. stressful B. painful
C. relaxing D. popular
52. A. parents B. swimmers
C. partners D. instructors
53. A. exchange B. show
C. spread D. check
54. A. when B. if
C. but D. because
55. A. block out B. give off
C. send out D. put down
56. A. choice B. judgment
C. shade D. profit
57. A. anxious B. sure
C. afraid D. proud
58. A. opportunity B. permission
C. experience D. comment
59. A. success B. independence
C. adventure D. project
60. A. everything B. something
C. nothing D. anything
第二?（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Food gives us energy， vitamins and minerals that our body needs. But many of us don’t consider how our 61 （emotion） are affected by what we eat.
For me， it’s the unhealthy foods 62 put a smile on my face. However， it is reported that eating bad food long term not only 63 （make） us put on weight but can lead to other health conditions such as diabetes， and it can also affect our mental state 64 result in depression.
The link between our mind and food has been looked at by scientists. Recently they 65
（find） that it’s the bacteria in our gut （肠道） that affects our mood. Experts believe that food with‘good’bacteria can improve the way we feel. This really makes me think twice
66 what I eat.
Maybe it’s time to give up fatty and sugar things. Eating 67 （healthy） may seem simple， even if the science behind it is complex. This is further evidence for the saying‘we are what we eat’- the person we are is 68 （determine）by the food we eat. There are other factors that can change our mood but it seems we have some ability 69 （improve） how we feel by controlling what we put on our plate. Does your diet affect 70 （you）mood？ 第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分 35）
第一节 短文改错（10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
As David’s birthday is drawing near， I’ve prepared a gift for him. It’s Chinese painting‘bamboo’， that I specially drew for him. In Chinese culture， bamboo carries much best wishes and excellent qualities. On the one hand， it stood straight and stays green all the years around， so it’s always full of life. I wish David as strong and energetic as bamboo. On the another hand， it’s hard outside but hollow（空的）inside. Because compared to bamboo， one is usually considering to be strong-willed and modest. All in all， we use bamboo to represent a noble and gentle person. I hope for David will like the gift and wish him a happily birthday.
第二? 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你校学生会暑期将组织“一带一路”沿线国家考察活动，留学生也参加。请你用英语给对此次活动感兴趣的留学生 Jenkins写封电子邮件，告之相关内容：
1. 活动安排（参观、交流等）；
2. 报名条件（年龄、身体状况等）；
3. 报名方式。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
（注：本题由山东省邹平一中张泰老师原创）
参考答案
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
（A）文章是休闲娱乐类说明文。介绍了澳大利亚排行前四的娱乐消遣活动：钓鱼、冲浪、划船和烤肉。
21. C 22. C 23. A
（B）文章是家庭生活类记叙文。作者有两个淘气的儿子，经常打架，但是，当作者让他们两个人参与做巧克力曲奇饼干的时候，两个孩子非常专注。作者看着这一切，心里充满了喜悦。
24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D
（C）文章是健康医学类说明文。在英国，每三个成年人就有一个人遭受背痛的折磨，有很多传统的治疗方法，如保持活跃、做伸展运动、吃止痛药、做X光治疗或者注射药物等。但是，现在有证据表明，针灸可能是最有效的方法。
28. B 29. D 30. A
（D）文章是科普知识类说明文。作者介绍了一种为盲人提供的3D书，让他们可以借助触摸来看书。
32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D
第二节
文章是经验介绍类说明文。作者从一个早上晚起的人，成为了一个早上写作效率很高的人，其中的秘诀有三个：提前做准备、设两个闹钟、做真我。
36. C 37. A 38. G 39. D 40. E
第三部分 英语知识运用
第一节 完形填空
文章是人物故事类记叙文。Adeline Roe是一个生来就有视力障碍的小女孩，她参加了一个叫做Rapidswim的活动，通过游泳来提升自己。她很享受这个过程，努力尝试一切，父母为她感到很骄傲。
41. B 42. D43. A 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. D 58. A 59. B 60. C
第二节
文章是饮食健康类说明文。主题是“饮食会影响人们的情绪”。
61. emotions 62. that 63. makes 64. and 65. have found 66. about 67. healthily 68. determined 69. to improve 70. your
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
As David’s birthday is drawing near， I’ve prepared a gift for him. It’s ∧ Chinese painting‘bamboo’，that I specially drew for him. In Chinese culture， bamboo carries much best wishes and excellent qualities. On the one hand， it stood straight and stays green all the years around， so it’s always full of life. I wish David as strong and energetic as bamboo. On the another hand， it’s hard outside but hollow（空的）inside. Because compared to bamboo， one is usually considering to be strong-willed and modest. All in all， we use bamboo to represent a noble and gentle person. I hope for David will like the gift and wish him a happily birthday.
第二节书面表达
I am delighted to tell you a piece of good news. A campaign named Travel along the Belt and Road organized by our Students’ Union is scheduled to be held in the coming summer vacation. Overseas students are allowed to join in it. The details are as follows：
During the journey， as arranged， we’ll visit some historic relics in the countries involved. Besides， we’ll call on some local residents and swap ideas with them. Not only will it enrich our experiences but also we’ll learn more about the cultures of the countries along the Silk Road. Before you sign up， you should ensure that you’re qualified. All the participants should be at least 18 years old， and also be strong enough for the changeable weather and the long journey.
If you want to enter for it， you should contact the Students’ Union by email or phone.
责任编辑 蒋小青
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