2010年中考英语专题复习——形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
一，基本用法：形容词放在名词前修饰名词，副词放在动词后修饰动词
Mr. Black is a shy person. He seldom speaks at the meeting.
It`s raining hard. We have to stay at home instead of going climbing.
二，形容词转化成副词的规则
1，直接加上-ly. quick—quickly, brave—bravely, clear—clearly
2，变y为i再加-ly. happy—happily, heavy—heavily
3，有些两词一样 early, late, high
三，形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
I，规则变化
1，直接加-er, -est
2，以不发音e结尾的加-r, -st
nice—nicer—nicest, large—larger—largest, late—later—latest,
able—abler—ablest
3，以辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变为i再加-er, -est.
early—earlier—earliest, happy—happier—happiest,
easy—easier—easiest, busy—busier—busiest, lucky—luckier—
luckiest, angry—angrier—angriest
4，以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母再加—er, --est.
big—bigger—biggest, hot—hotter—hottest, thin-thinner—thinnest, fat—fatter—fattest, wet—wetter--wettest
5，部分双音节和多音节词，在其前加-more, -most.
popular, delicious, quickly, important, beautiful, interesting, carefully, brightly, slowly.
II，不规则变化
good/well—better—best, many/much—more—most, bad/badly/ill—worse—worst
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest, old—older/elder—oldest/eldest, little—fess—least
----Is your stomachache getting ______ ?
----No, it`s worse.
----Which do you like ______ , apples or oranges? (good, well, better, best)
四、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法
1，两者相比，A=B，用as+原级+as来表示。
Tom is as tall as Mary. She runs as fast as that man.
2，两者相比，A
Jack isn`t as/so outgoing as Sandy. He doesn`t do his homework as/so carefully as Kate.
3，两者相比，A>B，用as+比较级+as来表示(比较级前最常用much, even来修饰，也可用a little, a lot , a bit, far, no, any, still)。
Tom is taller than Mary. She runs faster than that man.
This sweater doesn`t suit me. It`s a bit small. Could you give me a larger one.
注：(1)要注意避免和包括自身的对象相比。
比较级+than+anyone else/any other+单数可数名词/all other+复数名词/any of the other+复数名词
He comes earlier than any student in our class.(×)
The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China.
The Changjiang River is longer than any river in Japan
(2)Which is cheaper, the T-shirt or shirt?
Who runs faster, Tom or Jerry?
(3)He is the taller of the two.
She sings the better of the two girls.
I bought the more beautiful one of the two.
(4)When spring comes, the days are getting longer and longer.
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.
(5)The busier he is, the happier he feels.
The more you study, the more you know.
(6)She is three years younger than him.
He works three times faster than us.
4、三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时用 the +最高级来表示，后跟以of或in开头的表示比较范围的介词短语。
(1) is the tallest of us all. She works (the) hardest in our class.
(2)Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers in Taiwan.
One of the most important languages is English.
(3)Jim is the second tallest boy in our class.
(4)Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon?
Who runs (the) fastest, Kate, Tom or Mike?
(5)You are the most beautiful girl (that) I have ever seen.
This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.
He works the hardest that I have never seen before.
5，倍数的表达
（1）This room is twice bigger than that one.
=This room is twice as big as that one.
=This room is twice the size of that one.
（2）This kind of plane flies twice than that kind.
6，The harder you work, the more progress you will make.
7, richer and richer；more and more beautiful
8, This unit is much/even/a little/a bit/a lot more interesting than that one.
9, The Changjiang River is the first river in China.
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