阅读理解：七选五（二）
A
What makes people successful? Take a look around and talk to your friends and seniors who are very successful, you will see all of them have adopted certain values which have proved important for their success.
It is evident that successful people take initiative (主性). When they find something that needs to be done, they never hesitate to do it. __1__They weigh immediately what has to be done and then do it with pleasure, thus strengthening their reputation.
Successful people do things with great enthusiasm, especially when they believe in what they are doing. They are motivated by their own satisfaction and the joy they get from doing their work. __2__
They do not fear failure. Failures and disappointments in life are unavoidable. __3__Successful people pick themselves up after a fall and try again with more determination and commitment and learn from each failure. They associate with those they can learn from and enjoy the company of those appreciating their achievement.
Having a good IQ often gets a person what he wants but it's really the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high reputation. __4__By giving respect to others, they command respect for themselves.
__5__It's better to praise others and win favor with them. So instead of complaining about a situation, successful people always try to solve it.
A．Successful people never complain.
B．Successful persons don't make excuses.
C．They work hard even when no one is watching.
D．They believe that responsibility is taken, not given.
E．It's failure that teaches us much more than success.
F．It's hard to be successful if you don't trust the people around you.
G．Successful people are polite to everyone and treat others with respect.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成功人士所具有的共同特征。
1．D 根据本段第一句“It is evident that successful people take initiative (主动性)．”可知，成功的人往往积极主动，而不是被动接受任务，所以选D项。
2．C 根据上文中的“They are motivated by their own satisfaction and the joy ...”可知，因为成功人士能够从工作中得到满足和乐趣，所以他们会自己努力，不需要别人监督，故选C项。
3．E 根据下文中的“Successful people pick themselves up after a fall and try again with more determination and commitment and learn from each failure.”可知，E项“正是失败教会我们更多，而不是成功”符合语境，故选E项。
4．G 根据下文中的“By giving respect to others, they command respect for themselves.”可知，G项“成功人士礼貌待人，尊敬他人”符合语境，故选G项。
5．A 根据下文中的“So instead of complaining about a situation, successful people always try to solve it.”可知，成功人士不抱怨，总是努力解决问题，故选A项作本段的主题句。
B
Whether you are at Disneyland or another Disney park, you will usually find a nighttime show that will be showing. __1__Read this article to find out how you can get a good seat for an evening event at any Disney park.
●Plan on seeing the show in advance.
Usually, if you decide an hour beforehand that you're going to see a show, you will likely end up not getting a good seat, unless the park is not very busy. __2__
●Do your research.
Research online: “The best places to view ...” __3__Some of them may even be less known, so you may not deal with such a big crowd.
●Arrive to the event early.
__4__Possibly even earlier if the park is more crowded on that day. If you arrive ten minutes before the event starts, you're a lot less likely to get a good spot.
●__5__
If you must leave to do something, make sure that it's extremely quick, and try to have another member of your party stay in your spot while you are away.
A．Stay in the same area.
B．Enjoy the show with a friend.
C．It's usually much more enjoyable if you can get a good seat.
D．This is especially important if you arrive closer to the event time.
E．In order to get a good spot, plan on arriving an hour before the event.
F．Therefore, look at the schedule before your trip, or at least the day before.
G．You'll see a list of places in the park that are the best for viewing that event.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章针对如何获得好座位来观看迪士尼乐园的夜间表演节目给出了几点建议。
1．C 根据设空后一句可知，这篇文章是关于如何得到一个好座位去观看迪士尼乐园的夜间节目的，说明前文中肯定会提及有关好座位的内容，因此C项符合语境。
2．F 根据空前的内容可知，通常情况下，如果你在节目开始前一小时才决定去看节目，你很有可能是得不到好座位的，故F项(因此，在你去之前，或至少提前一天就查看清楚时间表)符合语境。
3．G 根据空前的Research online: “The best places to view ...”可知，本段是建议上网搜索“看……的最佳位置”，再结合常识，我们会看到列出来的地点名单，故G项符合语境。
4．E 根据空后两句可知，本段重点说明在活动开始之前提前多长时间到达现场，故E项符合语境。
5．A 此空为标题句，根据该标题下的内容可知，如果有事需离开，要确保快点回来。还要让和你一起去的人在你离开的时候帮你占着位子，故A项(待在同一个地方)符合语境。
C
“You're hired！”
You've probably already been filling out job applications or talking to family or friends about getting a parttime job. And good for you! You'll get an early start learning how to work. So how, exactly, do you get a parttime job? __1__ It sounds strange, but it will put you in the right state of mind. Steal these secrets to keep your cool and impress the people who matter.
Secret 1：Do your homework. Showing up for an interview unprepared is like taking a driving test without ever opening the manual (手册): FAIL. So give yourself a primer (初级读本) on the job and the business first. A few ways to know your stuff: Has the company been in the news lately? __2__ Do you know any employees you can ask about the job? You'll feel more confident, and your interviewer will be impressed that you did your research!
Secret 2：__3__ You're probably pretty busy stressing over how to survive an intense interrogation (询问), but guess what? The questions you ask during an interview may be what sells you to your future employer—they show your enthusiasm for the job.
Secret 3：It pays to get there early. __4__ So arrive 15 minutes early and try this calming breathing exercise：
(1)Find a place to sit (like a chair in the hall or across the street at a coffee shop)．
(2)Take slow, deep breaths.
(3)Repeat that 510 times!
Secret 4：Don't skip breakfast. On interview day, make sure you're running on healthy fuel, like a piece of bread and a banana. __5__
A．What can you learn from its website?
B．Questions are as important as answers.
C．Do you want to build up your confidence?
D．You will compete for a dream job one day.
E．They'll give you the energy to do your best!
F．Think of yourself as a product you have to sell!
G．When you're in a rush, you start off feeling tired and anxious.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为找兼职工作而准备面试的几个小技巧。
1．F 设空处所填句子是对上文“So how, exactly, do you get a parttime job？”的回答，且与下文的“It sounds strange, ... ”相呼应。F项符合上下文语境。
2．A 设空处所填句子与上下文的问句都是对上句“A few ways to know your stuff”的具体说明，指出应如何了解所应聘的公司。A项符合上下文语境。
3．B 设空处所填句子应与下文的“The questions you ask during an interview may be what sells you to your future employer ...”相呼应，说明面试时所提的问题的重要性。B项符合语境。
4．G 设空处所填句子应与上文的“It pays to get there early.”及下文的“So arrive 15 minutes early”相呼应，说明提前到达面试地方的重要性，G项从反面表述了不这样做的后果。
5．E E项中的They指代上文的“a piece of bread and a banana”，且E项整句在语义上与上文承接，指出吃早餐的好处。
D
How to Get Motivated
You must think positively no matter how big a challenge is. If you think positively you will feel better and will be able to overcome challenges in life. Furthermore meet an optimistic person and you will notice how motivated he is towards life. __1__ On the other hand, negative thinking will only cause more depression in your life.
__2__ Don't be jealous of those who are successful around you. Instead, take inspiration from their success stories. This will make you motivated to get what you want. Moreover, you can also read books that are written by inspirational and successful personalities.
There is a famous quote that reads, “A healthy body leads to a healthy mind.” If your mind is healthy you will think positively. __3__ Whether you are working out in the gym or going for a long walk, make sure that you incorporate an exercise plan in your daily routine.
__4__ Hence, it is important to break your routine and do something different. Whether you go on a vacation or learn a new skill it is important to break the monotony in your daily life.
Human beings are extraordinary individuals who are able to complete the hardest tasks and achieve the impossible. It is important to get out of your comfort zone and try something different. __5__
A．Therefore, it is important to exercise.
B．Keeping yourself motivated is not a difficult task.
C．You might lose motivation by doing the same things over and over again.
D．One of the best ways to motivate oneself is to get inspired by others' success.
E．Remember, positive thinking gives you motivation to achieve what you want.
F．By doing so you will get motivated and your attitudes towards life will be positive.
G．Do things that make you happy and find inspiration in possibly everything you see.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。全文阐释了如何让自己受到激励的办法。
1．E 分析本段内容可知，空处承接上一句的内容并与下一句构成对比，阐释积极思维的价值。E项符合前后语境及逻辑。
2．D 根据设空后的第二句及本段的内容可知，本段的主旨是：从别人的成功中得到启示以激励自己。
3．A 前一句提到了健康的身体与积极的思维之间的关系，后一句中提到了具体的运动，故本空应承上启下说明运动的重要性。
4．C 空后的“break your routine and do something different”与C项中的“doing the same things over and over again”形成对比，且C项所述从反面说明了打破常规、做不同的事情对于激发活力的重要性，故选C。
5．F 本句承接上一句的内容，F项中的“doing so”所指的是上一句中的“to get out of your comfort zone and try something different”。
E
How to Become a Lifelong Learner
Learning doesn't stop just because school does.Making a commitment to yourself to learn something new every day, you will not only enjoy what you discover, but you will be able to apply your knowledge and become a teacher to future generations.Here are some steps to become a lifelong learner.
Learn how you learn.__1__Note what learning techniques are most efficient for you and use them as much as is practical, such as viewing online tutorials on websites like YouTube if you're more of a visual learner.
__2__Try many different things so that you don't box yourself into believing you're only good at a few things.It's probable that you're good at many things, but you won't know until you've tried.
Look at learning as an exploration and opportunity, not a chore (琐事)．Don't just force yourself to learn things because they are important or necessary.__3__ Follow your heart, as well as your sense of duty.Do you remember the 8th grade history that you hated so much, with all those names and dates that seemed to mean nothing? The point was to bring you to learn details now, which will knit chunks of information together later.__4__
Read, read, read.__5__ Reading is a gateway into other worlds and into the minds of your fellow human beings.And reading will help you to learn the discoveries and mistakes of others who have gone before you; reading is, in effect, a shortcut so that you don't have to learn things the hard way.
A．Learn where your talents and interests lie.
B．It was a chore then, but it makes sense, now.
C．Recognize the educational value in whatever you read.
D．Determine your own preferred learning style or styles.
E．Their ways of learning might help you to improve your own.
F．Make friends with your local library and new and used book sellers.
G．Instead, learn things that you need to learn alongside things you love to learn.
本文介绍了如何成为一名终身学习者。
1．D 选项D与本段主题句“Learn how you learn.”构成递进关系，同时又引起下文。故选D。
2．A 一段之首，应选本段的主题句，结合本段内容，应了解自己的长处和兴趣。
3．G 上句中“Don't just force...”与G选项中的“Instead”形成对比。
4．B 一段之尾，对上句、上段是一个总结。
5．F 结合本段主题句，如何多读书， F选项告诉我们具体方法。
F
Do you remember those times when your mother told you to avoid talking to strangers? But now you're not a child anymore.In fact, there are advantages of talking to strangers.
You can meet a really great person.
__1__ You can meet a person who'll become your best friend in the future.You can also meet someone who'll give you a chance to get your dream job or somehow help you in life.
__2__
You have some opinions about different subjects and you know your friends' and relatives' points of view about them too.But there are millions of other people who think differently and can give you unpredictable yet smart ideas that'll broaden your horizons.
You improve your social skills.
Whatever social skills you have, you can make them better when talking to strangers.__3__ You can better improve these skills when talking to a stranger.
__4__
If you belong to that shy type of people, talking to a stranger may seem to be a real challenge for you.I'm also extremely shy but I realize it's not an issue at all.You can overcome your fear of being judged by others by talking to strangers and become more confident.
You can cheer someone up.
The thing you'll definitely like about talking to strangers is that you can make someone's day better.Smile and people will smile in return.Compliment people and they'll think something pleasant about you.__5__
A．It expands your world view.
B．You'll feel an increase in confidence.
C．It helps you become a more talkative person.
D．It may show you the solutions you didn't know about.
E．Talking to a stranger is a good habit as you never know who you may meet.
F．Having a short dialogue is one of those perfect chances to make people cheerful.
G．Asking proper questions and attentive listening are two skills that many people don't have.
本文介绍了和陌生人交谈的几个好处。
1．E 根据小标题“You can meet a really great person.”及空格后的“You can meet”“You can also meet”可知选E。
2．A 根据下文中的“can give you unpredictable yet smart ideas that'll broaden your horizons”可知选A。
3．G G项中的“two skills”与小标题中的“social skills”、空前的“Whatever social skills”和空后的“these skills”相呼应，故选G。
4．B 根据下文中的“You can overcome your fear of being judged by others by talking to strangers and become more confident.”可知选B。
5．F F项中的“make people cheerful”与本段小标题“You can cheer someone up.”相呼应，故选F。第一章
[原文]
道可道也①，非恒道也②。名可名也③，非恒名也。无名④，万物之始也；有名⑤，万物之母也⑥。故恒无欲也⑦，以观其眇⑧；恒有欲也，以观其所徼⑨。两者同出，异名同谓⑩。玄之又玄⑾，众眇之门⑿。
[译文]
“道”如果可以用言语来表述，那它就是常“道”(“道”是可以用言语来表述的，它并非一般的“道”)；“名”如果可以用文辞去命名，那它就是常“名”(“名”也是可以说明的，它并非普通的“名”)。“无”可以用来表述天地浑沌未开之际的状况；而“有”，则是宇宙万物产生之本原的命名。因此，要常从“无”中去观察领悟“道”的奥妙；要常从“有”中去观察体会“道”的端倪。无与有这两者，来源相同而名称相异，都可以称之为玄妙、深远。它不是一般的玄妙、深奥，而是玄妙又玄妙、深远又深远，是宇宙天地万物之奥妙的总门(从“有名”的奥妙到达无形的奥妙，“道”是洞悉一切奥妙变化的门径)。
[注释]
①第一个“道”是名词，指的是宇宙的本原和实质，引申为原理、原则、真理、规律等。第二个“道”是动词。指解说、表述的意思，犹言“说得出”。②恒：一般的，普通的。③第一个“名”是名词，指“道”的形态。第二个“名”是动词，说明的意思。④无名：指无形。⑤有名：指有形。⑥母：母体，根源。⑦恒：经常。
⑧眇（miao）：通妙，微妙的意思。⑨徼（jiao）：边际、边界。引申端倪的意思。⑩谓：称谓。此为“指称”。⑾玄：深黑色，玄妙深远的含义。⑿门：之门,一切奥妙变化的总门径，此用来比喻宇宙万物的唯一原“道”的门径。
[延伸阅读1]王弼《道德经注》
道可道，非常道，名可名，非常名。 可道之道，可名之名，指事造形，非其常也，故不可道，不可名也。 无名，天地之始；有名，万物之母。 凡有皆始於无，故未形无名之时，则为万物之始。及其有形有名之时，则长之育之，亭之毒之，为其母也。言道以无形无名，始成万物，以始以成，而不知其所以玄之又玄也。 故常无欲，以观其妙； 妙者，微之极也。万物始於微而后成，始於无而后生，故常无欲空虚，可以观其始物之妙。 常有欲，以观其徼。 徼，归终也。凡有之为利，必以无为用；欲之所本，适道而后济。故常有欲，可以观其终物之徼也。 此两者，同出而异名。同谓之玄，玄之又玄，众妙之门。 两者，始与母也。同出者，同出於玄也。异名所施，不可同也，在首则谓之始，在终则谓之母。玄者，冥也，默然无有也，始、母之所出也，不可得而名，故不可言。同名曰玄，而言同谓之玄者，取於不可得而谓之然也。谓之然则不可以定乎一玄而已，则是名则失之远矣，故曰玄之又玄也。众妙皆从同而出，故曰众妙之门也。
[延伸阅读2]苏辙《老子解》
道可道，非常道。莫非道也。而可道者不可常，惟不可道，而後可常耳。今夫仁義禮智，此道之可道者也。然而仁不可以為義，而禮不可以為智，可道之不可常如此。惟不可道，然後在仁為仁，在義為義，在禮為禮，在智為智。彼皆不常，而道常不變，不可道之能常如此。
名可名，非常名。道不可道，而況可得而名之乎？凡名皆其可道者也。名既立，則圓方曲直之不同，不可常矣。
無名，天地之始；有名，萬物之母。常無，欲以觀其妙；常有，欲以觀其徼。自其無名，形而為天地，天地位而名始立矣。自其有名，播而為萬物，萬物育而名不可勝載矣。故無名者道之體，而有名者道之甩也。聖人體道以為天下用，入於衆有而常無，將以觀其妙也。體其至無而常有，將以觀其徼也。若夫行於其徼而不知其妙，則粗而不神矣。留於其妙而不知其繳，則精而不遍矣。
此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。以形而言有無，則信兩矣。安知無運而為有，有復而為無，未嘗不一哉。其名雖異，其本則一，知本之一也，則玄矣。凡遠而無所至極者，其色又玄，故老子常以玄寄極也。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。言玄則至矣，然猶有玄之心在焉。玄之又玄則盡矣，不可以有加矣，衆妙之所從出也。
本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/e698b04981eb6294dd88d0d233d4b14e84243e74.html
文档为doc格式