全国市级联考安徽省合肥市2017届高三下学期第一次教学质量检测英语(解析版)

发布时间:2018-09-21 15:18:35   来源:文档文库   
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满分150分,考试时间120分钟。

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

Bookstores are a traveller's best friend: they provide convenient shelter in bad weather, and they often host readings and other cultural events. Here is a look at world’s six greatest bookstores.

Adrian Harrington—since 1971. Rare books; rare first editions; leather bound sets and general antiquarian (古玩). Address: 64A Kensington Church Street, Kensington, London, England, U.K.

Another CountryKreuzberg, Berlin, Germany. Another Country is an English Language second hand bookshop which is mostly used as a library. They have about 20,000 books that you can buy or borrow. Some regular events are held at the shop, such as readings, cultural events, social evenings and film nights.

Atlantis BooksOía, Santorini, Greece. Atlantis Books is an independent bookshop on the island of Santorini, Greece, founded in 2004 by a group of friends from Cyprus, England, and the United States. Throughout the year it has hosted literary festivals, film screenings, book readings, and good old fashioned dance parties.

Bart’s Books—Ojai, California, U.S.A. “The World’s Greatest Outdoor Bookstore”, a bookstore founded by Richard Bartinsdale in 1964. Shelves of books face the street, and regular customers are asked to drop coins into the door’s coin box to pay for any books they take whenever the store is closed.

10 Corso Como—Milan, Italy. Extensive selection of publication on art, architecture, design, graphics and fashion, along with a strong emphasis on photography. It was founded in 1990 in Milan, Italy, by Carla Sozzani.

The Bookworm—A bookshop, library, bar, restaurant and event space, now with four divisions in three cities—Beijing, Suzhou and Chengdu. The interconnecting rooms with floor-to-ceiling books on every wall are light and airy in summer, yet warm and comfortable in winter.

1. Which of the following bookstores has the longest history?

A. Adrian Harrington. B. Atlantis Books.

C. Bart’s Books. D. 10 Como Bookshop.

2. What can you do in Atlantis Books?

A. Attend a festival. B. Learn photography.

C. Enjoy rare books. D. Buy books anytime.

3. How is The Bookworm different from the other bookstores?

A. It is used as a library. B. It hosts all sorts of activities.

C. It focuses on photography. D. It has branches in different cities.

【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D

B

Many young people these days adore the advertised magazine body and become too focused on attaining this image instead of worrying more about what lasts and even grows over time. But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years, and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent? It is a sad reality that people don’t realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.

Think of the most typical American girl you know. Is she blonde haired with white skin and light eyes, and does she love shopping or sports? Now place this girl in the heart of Africa, a place where beauty is placed on what you can control. The Maasai tribe in Kenya focuses on how clean people are, and how stylish their piercings (穿孔) are. This tribe’s culture is to be a brave fighter, so they will cut their skin with patterns in it to show that they are strong. If you don’t look fierce, you are not beautiful.

Other countries like North Korea and South Korea have their own unique views on beauty. In an interview, a woman who has lived in both North and South Korea claims that beauty in North Korea is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife. She says that women in North Korea are less concerned about fashion and beauty in the physical sense. She says they did have a time when big eyes were a big deal and everyone wanted to get double eyelid surgery. This is something extreme and could perhaps be influenced by Western culture. And the idea of getting surgery done to look more attractive is crazy.

4. What does the underlined word “vacillating” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. Inconsistent. B. Reasonable. C. Unusual. D. Similar.

5. The Maasai tribe in Kenya is mentioned to show that in their eyes _______.

A. getting dirty is stylish

B. looking fierce is beautiful

C. strong people cut their skin

D. American girls love shopping

6. According to the woman interviewed, women in North Korea now_______.

A. care a lot about their appearance

B. put the beauty of eyes in the first place

C. pay great attention to their ability

D. are crazy about double eyelid surgery

7. What does the text mainly tell us?

A. Inner beauty is of great importance.

B. Ideas of beauty vary among culture groups.

C. Different ways are needed to admire true beauty.

D. Fashion magazines easily influence young people.

【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B

7. 主旨大意题。第一段提出话题:每个国家对于美的看法不一样。下文以Kenya Maasai部落,North Korea等为例,证明了这个观点。故B项正确。学科*

C

Patients in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease often struggle to remember recently learned information, meaning they forget things like important appointments or where they left their keys. But it seems that these memories are not lost. They are still filed away in the brain somewhere; they just can’t be easily accessed.

Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimer’s. The method relies on a technique that uses light to control genetically modified neurons (转基因神经元). Currently it is too early to be used in human trials as it involves inserting light emitting (发光) equipment into the subjects’ brains, but the same principles still apply, the researchers said.

“The important point is that this is evidence of concept. That is, even if a memory seems to be gone, it is still there. It’s a matter of how to get it back,” said senior researcher Susumu Tonegawa.

The team took two groups of mice, one genetically engineered to develop Alzheimer’s and one healthy. They then placed them into a room and gave them a mild electric shock. All of the mice showed fear when put back in an hour later. When placed in the room a third time several days later, the Alzheimer’s mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock.

The researchers were then able to bring back the memory of the shock by activating (激活) the cells in which the memories were stored. Even when the mice were put into an unfamiliar room, they showed fear when the cells associated with the shock were activated.

“Short-term memory seems to be normal, on the order of hours. But for long-term memory, these early-Alzheimer’s mice seem to be damaged,” said lead researcher Dheeraj Roy. “Directly activating the cells that we believe are holding the memory helps them get it back. This suggests that it is indeed an access problem to the information, not that they’re unable to learn or store this memory.”

8. What can we learn about the researchers at MIT?

A. They are the pioneers of brain research.

B. They have used the method in human trials.

C. They can cure Alzheimer’s using the new method.

D. They can get back memories in mice with Alzheimer’s.

9. Why did the Alzheimer’s mice behave normally a third time?

A. They failed to remember the electric shock.

B. They were accustomed to the situation.

C. They managed to overcome the fear.

D. They activated the association.

10. For long-term memory, the early Alzheimer’s mice _______.

A. can activate their blood cells

B. can’t learn new tricks well

C. can easily get back their memory

D. can’t access the information stored

11. The main purpose of the text is to _______.

A. introduce a method of a research

B. report the latest discovery about a disease

C. give advice on how to improve memory

D. explain how our brain stores information

【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B

11. 写作意图题。研究表明,早期Alzheimer患者的记忆并没有丧失,他们的记忆只是被储存在另一个地方,患者没有办法获取这些记忆。目前,MIT的研究者们研制出了一种方法,可以把患有Alzheimer的老鼠的记忆找回来。该文主要就是介绍这一研究发现的。故B项正确。学科*

D

Half off usually unaffordable products? Only $49.99 for that $100.00 dinner? That’s the magic of Groupon, but for some small business owners the “great business” offered by Groupon can be equal to the kiss of death. How could that occur?

The math of Groupon seems simple at a glance, but upon further inspection the numbers don’t add up when it comes to smaller businesses. A Groupon typically offers a 50% discount on a product or service, then the remaining profit is divided between Groupon and the small business. While Groupon has already received the profit in advance, the merchant is left waiting for their cut. Those worrying numbers are assuming the price cut is 50/50, which, in some cases, is being generous.

When you break it down to numbers, a Groupon deal seems disastrous, but it’s not only the numbers small business owners have to worry about. The point of Groupon deals is to attract new and hopefully long term customers. Yet, does this actually happen? The majority of consumers buying the Groupon are there for the bargain and don’t return after using their Groupon. CFHS Junior Angelita Pope stated, “I love the deals offered by Groupon! They can really save you so much money.” However, she went on to say that she hadn’t returned once to any of the businesses after using her Groupon.

For some small businesses, the pressure lies with the responses of their loyal customers, who watch as new faces get the same product or service for half the price that they have been paying for years. When you break it down, Groupon indicates that the business offering the deal is not only willing to be flexible with their price, but also that their product or service isn’t worth the price they’re charging for. When combining these factors, it’s no wonder loyal customers are put off by the idea of their favorite shop offering Groupons.

Now I by no means say Groupon have bad effects on all businesses; however the storm of Groupon is actually a disaster for a small business.

12. What is good about Groupon?

A. It can offer a large discount.

B. It helps add up the numbers.

C. It can improve the quality of the product.

D. It brings small business owners more profit.

13. CFHS Junior Angelita Pope’s statement suggests that _______.

A. small business owners needn’t worry about deals

B. people like using Groupon in the same business

C. the purpose of Groupon is to promote business

D. Groupon may not bring customers back

14. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. New faces. B. Loyal customers.

C. Groupon dealers. D. Small businesses.

15. What could be the best title for the text?

A. A new business trend—Groupon dealing

B. The development of a Groupon company

C. The effects of Groupon on small businesses

D. A fantastic shopping experience—Groupon

【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C

【名师点睛】标题归纳题一直是一个难点。很多学生都不能正确的抓住文章中心。做这一类题首先要从文章的开头(主要是第一段)提炼出文章的中心话题。

例如,在该文中,第一段提出:Groupon 的魔力就在于它的商品折扣很大,但是对于小企业来说,Groupon 就相当于死亡之吻,对小企业造成了非常坏的影响。第一段最后提出:这是如何发生的呢?

由第一段,学生至少要抓住几个关键点Grouponsmall businesses”,the kiss of deathHow could that occur。根据这几个关键词(句),不难得出文章主要是在分析Groupon如何对小企业造成不良影响的。学科*

第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

You’re growing up. That means you’re probably experiencing lots of changes, all at once. Your body is changing. It might even seem as if your entire self is changing. It can be confusing and even scary. ___16___ And it’s good!

Growing up means that you can do more, learn more, and start to make your mark on the world. In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow. Hormone levels change constantly, rising and falling. ___17___ But it’s partly to blame for intense emotions, surprising reactions, and mood swings.

Because of the way your brain develops, it is somewhat ruled by emotion now and through your teen years. As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster! ___18___

●Take care of yourself. If you eat right, sleep enough, and get good exercise, your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress.

___19___ When you feel your moods swinging or you’re upset, or confused, some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer.

●Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed.___20___ Plus, when stuff happens during the day, you’ll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react. Your body is changing.

ATake a time-out.

BBut the truth is, it happens to every teen.

CWork out regularly to keep physically fit.

DThis changing is needed for your body’s development.

EIt will help you fall asleep—and start the morning right.

FHere are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother.

GUsually, these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on.

【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. E

19. 由该段内容可知,当情绪不好的时候,给自己一些安静的时间,让自己平静下来。故A选项适合做该段标题。

20. 上一句提到:当你入睡和醒来时,你要练习放松身体,进行深呼吸。由该空后面的Plus”可知,该空应当介绍放松以及深呼吸的好处。故选E项。学科*

第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的ABCD四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Ask someone for their first memory and they will often give some fairly dull possibilities and not be sure which comes first. I have no ___21___ at all about mine. The earliest thing I recall is looking down and seeing flames coming out of my ___22___.

It was a Sunday afternoon in July 1981 when I ___23___ fire. I was in the garden with my dad. It was a sunny day but slightly breezy (有微风的). I was standing nearby as my dad ___24___ to light the barbecue. After several failed attempts, ___25___ he had to use some sort of accelerant (助燃剂). It caused a small fireball, which was flying towards me ___26___ the breeze suddenly ___27___ in my direction. That’s where the ___28___ memory of my burning ankles kicks in. My dad ___29___ fast. He dashed indoors, grabbed a large blanket and ___30___ to wrap me in it.

The next thing I remember is sitting on a chest, feeling hot and ___31___ water over and over again; then being driven to a ___32___. I underwent lots of skin operations and for weeks I wasn’t able to bend my legs, which had to be wrapped in bandages. ___33___ this period, I don’t recall experiencing pain. It was only when I ___34___ what an exciting summer my sister was having that my situation began to seem ___35___.

We’ve never talked much about the ___36___—my dad has never been an especially ___37___person. Now that I have kids of my own, I do sometimes wonder what he ___38___. I’ve never felt any ___39___ towards him, and I recognize that but for his swift actions the situation could have been ___40___. But I’d certainly never have a barbecue with my kids.

21. A. choice B. idea C. doubt D. worry

22. A. ankles B. blanket C. sleeves D. belly

23. A. exchanged B. set C. held D. caught

24. A. tended B. struggled C. refused D. managed

25. A. eventually B. gradually C. interestingly D. fortunately

26. A. before B. unless C. though D. as

27. A. stopped B. howled C. changed D. dropped

28. A. vivid B. sweet C. precious D. vague

29. A. hid B. acted C. escaped D. approached

30. A. got away B. broke in C. stood by D. ran back

31. A. waiting for B. asking for C. paying for D. searching for

32. A. hospital B. pool C. café D. gym

33. A. Thanks to B. But for C. Throughout D. After

34. A. realized B. imagined C. predicted D. explained

35. A. ridiculous B. acceptable C. satisfactory D. unbearable

36. A. illness B. conflict C. accident D. visit

37. A. strict B. open C. shy D. honest

38. A. gave away B. took over C. went through D. looked into

39. A. sympathy B. anxiety C. guilt D. anger

40. A. worse B. simpler C. stranger D. clearer

【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A

24. 考查动词词义辨析。tend倾向于;struggle努力,挣扎;refuse拒绝;manage设法做到。由下一句中的several failed attempts可知,作者的父亲努力点燃烤肉架,但都失败了。故B选项切题。

25. 考查副词词义辨析。eventually最终;gradually逐渐地;interestingly有趣地;fortunately幸运地。经过了几次失败的尝试之后,作者的父亲最终不得不使用某种助燃剂。故A选项切题。

26. 考查连词词义辨析。before……之前;unless除非,如果不;though尽管;as……的时候,在……的同时。助燃剂引发了一个小火球,火球朝着作者飞过来。与此同时,风向也突然变了,朝着作者的方向吹来。故D选项切题。学科*

31. 考查动词短语辨析。wait for等待;ask for要求得到;pay for支付……的费用;search for搜寻。由feeling hot”可知,作者感到很热,所以反复的要水。故B选项切题。

32. 考查名词词义辨析。hospital医院;pool池塘;café咖啡馆;gym体育馆。由下一句中的skin operations可知,作者被送进医院,进行了很多次皮肤手术。故A选项切题。

33. 考查介词(短语)辨析。thanks to多亏,由于;but for要不是因为……throughout自始至终,贯穿,遍及;after……之后。自始至终,作者现在都回忆不起当时痛苦的感觉。故C选项切题。

34. 考查动词词义辨析。realize意识到;imagine想象;predict预测,预料;explain解释。当作者意识到自己的姐姐过着美好的暑假生活时,作者才开始觉得自己的处境令人无法接受。故A选项切题。

35. 考查形容词词义辨析。ridiculous可笑的,荒谬的;acceptable可接受的;satisfactory令人满意的;unbearable不能忍受的。结合上题解析,D选项切题,作者意识到自己的处境难以忍受(不能像姐姐那样过暑假)。学科*

36. 考查名词词义辨析。illness疾病;conflict冲突,矛盾;accident意外事故;visit参观。作者和家人从未过多的谈论这次意外事故(作者被烧伤,这是一场意外事故)。故C选项切题。

37. 考查形容词词义辨析。strict严格的;open坦诚的,坦率的;shy害羞的;honest诚实的。由上一句中的never talked much可知,作者的父亲不是一个特别坦诚的人。故B选项切题。

38. 考查动词短语辨析。give away泄露;take over接管;go through经历,经受;look into调查,研究。作者有了自己的孩子后,有时候想知道父亲(内心)当时经历了什么。故C选项切题。

第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese brush calligraphy or “shufa” in Chinese is one of ___41___ most important art forms in China. Many Asian cultures have originated their own calligraphy styles, but China’s is unequaled because of ___42___ (it) beauty, grace (优雅), and history.

The ___43___ (origin) of Chinese brush calligraphy are unknown, but local tales say it goes back over 4,000 years to the time of the legendary (传说的) Yellow Emperor (2698-2598 B.C.). At that time characters were carved on animal bones or tortoise shells. Only after Emperor Qin Shi Huang united China under his rule ___44___ one country did it really gain popularity as a common art form.

He simplified Chinese characters and regular rules were set, ___45___ (make) it easier for people to learn and master. This Chinese art form continued to progress and during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) a new type of cursive script (草书) was formed and standardized. It is written ___46___ (free), but it’s not as easy to read.

Today Chinese calligraphy is once again a subject in schools and an art form highly ___47___(appreciate) across the world. Anyone can practice it and ___48___ is required is a simple set including: brush, ink, and paper. It’s fun for amateurs to try, but to become good at it, not only years of practice but natural talent ___49___ (need). Practising this art consistently can develop personal character and is of ___50___ (benefit) to health.

【答案】

41. the

42. its

43. origins

44. as / into

45. making

46. freely

47. appreciated

48. what

49. is needed

50. benefit

46. 考查副词。freely是副词,修饰动词write。句意:它(草书)书写随意,但读起来并不是那么容易。

47. 考查非谓语动词。句意:今天,中国书法再次成为学校里学习的科目,也成为了全世界高度欣赏的一门艺术。appreciated across the world”是过去分词作定语,修饰an artan artappreciate之间是被动关系。

48. 考查名词性从句。句意:任何人都可以练习它(书法)。只需要一套简单的东西:毛笔,墨和纸。what is required”是主语从句,该从句缺少主语,且表示名词意思所需要的东西,故该空填what

49. 考查时态和语态。主语为natural talent,该空作谓语。主语和need之间是被动关系,且该句介绍的客观事实,故该空要用一般现在时态。学科*

50. 考查名词。of是介词,后面接名词作宾语。of benefit意为有益的,相当于beneficial”。

第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)

第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改短文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I still remember the first day I come to this new school. Everything was new to me, what made me realize I was no longer a small child. I had to depend on me. Luckily, I made several good friend. Their interests were similar with mine. I had great English teacher, Maggie. She let me know the important of English. So I decided to learn English hardly. Although it was very difficult at first, but with the help of my teacher, I made rapidly progress. Just as the old saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”

【答案】1. comecame2. whatwhich3. memyself4. friendfriends5. withto6. had后面加a7. importantimportance8. hardlyhard9. 去掉but10. rapidlyrapid

第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

52. 假如你是李华,来自阳光中学,你校乒乓球队应邀去澳大利亚一所中学参加中学生乒乓球友谊赛。请你给举办学校的联系人Mr. Williams写一封邮件询问相关事宜,要点如下:

1.接受邀请,表示感谢;

2.询问食宿、交通及比赛日程等方面的安排;

3.提出相关建议

注意:

1. 词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3.开头语和结束语已为你写好,不计入总词数。

Dear Mr. Williams,

I am Li Hua, a student from Sunshine Middle School. ______________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Thank you for all your help and look forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

【答案】Dear Mr. Williams,

I am Li Hua, a student from Sunshine Middle School. We are delighted to accept the invitation to play a friendly table tennis match, which will no doubt strengthen our friendship. I am writing to learn about the arrangements.

Since it is the first time for us to go to Australia, we’d like to know the details about the accommodation so that we can make some preparations in advance. We prefer to live in host families to experience local culture. Besides, is it possible for you to pick us up at the airport after our arrival? Also, I would appreciate it if we could work out a proper schedule for both sides.

Thank you for all your help and look forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

【范文亮点】

1. 范文采取了定语从句(which will no doubt...);状语从句(since it is the first time…; so that we can …); It is + adj. + to do (is it possible for you to pick …)等句式。

2. 文章采用了strengthen;make some preparationswork out;pick up;in advance等高级单词或短语。

3. 文章上下文衔接自然,采用了BesidesAlso等连接词,使行文条理清楚。

4. 陈述句疑问句交叉使用,整篇文章行文灵活自然,不呆板。

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