华北理工大学轻工学院
Qing Gong College North China University of Science and Technology
英文翻译
学生姓名： 周涛
学 号：201224050105
专业班级： 2012级轧钢一班
学 部： 材料化工部
指导教师： 李硕
高速线材是钢铁工业中最重要的产品之一，广泛应用于基础设施、建筑工程、汽车及金属制品等领域。线材一般用普通碳素钢和优质碳素钢制成。按照钢材分配目录和用途不同，线材包括普通低碳钢热轧圆盘条、优质碳素钢盘条、碳素焊条盘条、调质螺纹盘条、制钢丝绳用盘条、琴钢丝用盘条以及不锈钢盘条等。在我国一般直径在（5-9）毫米共八种规格的成卷供应的热轧圆钢称为线材。线材因以盘卷交又叫盘条。
线材一般用普通碳素钢和优质碳素钢制成。按照钢材分配目录和用途不同，线材包括普通低碳钢热轧圆盘条、优质碳素钢盘条、碳素焊条盘条、调质螺纹盘条、制钢丝绳用盘条、琴钢丝用盘条以及不锈钢盘条等。
（1）普通低碳钢热轧圆盘条（GB701-65），普通低碳钢热轧圆盘条由低碳普通碳素结构钢或屈服点较低的碳素结构钢轧制而成，是线材品种中用量最大、使用最广泛的盘条，故又称普通线材，简称普线。
主要用途：普线主要用于建筑钢筋混凝土结构作配筋用，也可冷拔拉制成钢丝，作捆扎等用。
（2）普通低碳钢无扭控冷、热轧盘条（ZBH4403-88），无扭控冷、热轧盘条由无扭高速线材轧机轧制后采取控制冷却制成，材质与普线相同，但无扭控冷、热轧盘条具有尺寸精度高、表面质量好、较高的力学性能等优点。
主要用途：无扭控冷、热轧盘条尺寸精度分A、B、C 三级。A、B、C级精度适用于拉丝、建筑、包装和焊条等用途，B、C级精度适用于加工成螺栓、螺丝和螺母等。
（3）优质碳素钢盘条（GB4354-84），优质碳素钢盘条是用优质碳素结构钢轧制而成。是线材品种中用量较大的品种之一。
主要用途：优质碳素钢盘条主要用于加工制造碳素弹簧钢丝、油淬火回火碳素弹簧钢丝、预应力钢丝、高强度优质碳素结构钢丝、镀锌钢丝、镀锌绞线钢丝绳等。
（4）优质碳素钢无扭控冷、热轧盘条（ZBH44002-88），优质碳素钢无扭控冷、热轧盘条由无扭高速线材轧机轧制而成， 轧制后采取控制冷却处理。与优质碳素钢盘条相比，具有尺寸精度高、表面质量好，有较高的力学性能。
主要用途：主要用途与优质碳素钢盘条相同。常用于制造碳素弹簧钢丝、油淬火回火碳弹簧钢丝、预应力钢丝、优质碳素结构钢丝，镀锌钢丝等。
（5）制绳钢丝用无扭控冷、热轧盘条（ZBH44004-88），制绳钢丝用无扭控冷热轧盘和用优质碳素结构钢，在无扭线材轧机上轧制，轧制后控制冷却而制成。这样轧成的盘条，尺寸精度高，表面质量好，力学性能优越。
主要用途：主要用于拉制制绳钢丝和钢绞线钢丝。
（6）碳素焊条钢盘条（GB3429-82），碳素焊条钢盘条由低碳优质碳素结构钢热轧制成。
主要用途：主要用于制造手工电弧焊焊芯。
（7）合金结构钢热轧盘条（GB3077-82），合金结构钢热轧盘条由合金结构钢作材质轧制而成。合金结构钢共有26个钢组、78个钢牌号。各生产厂依据需方要求及不同用途选用各牌号进行生产。
主要用途：合金结构热轧盘条主要用于拉制钢丝、金属制品和结构件。
（8）碳素工具钢热轧盘条（GB1298-86），碳素工具钢由优质或高级优质高碳钢轧制而成。加工性能与耐磨性能好，价格便宜。
主要用途：主要用于拉制钢比与制造工具等。
（9）弹簧钢热轧盘条（GB1222-84），弹簧钢是用于制造弹簧或其他弹性元件的钢种。弹簧和弹性元件主要利用其弹性变性吸收与储存能量，达到缓和震动、冲击或使机件完成某些动作为目的。由于它是在冲击、震动或长期均匀的周期交变应力条件下工作，因此要求弹簧钢具有高的屈服强度，尤其要有较高的屈强比（屈服强度与抗拉强度之比）和弹性高的疲劳强度、较高的耐高温和耐腐蚀等性能。弹簧钢还应有良好的表面质量。弹簧钢有碳素弹簧钢和合金弹簧钢两类共17个牌号。
主要用途：弹簧钢热轧盘条主要用于生产各种用途的螺旋弹簧。
（10）焊接用不锈钢盘条（GB4241-84），焊接用不锈钢盘条与一般不锈钢盘条在化学成分上有所不同。为了保证其优良的焊接性能，提高焊缝质量，焊接用不锈钢盘条在成分上的显著特点是含碳量低、磷、硫等有毒杂质少、镍、铬含量较高。
主要用途：主要用于制造电焊条钢芯和焊丝。
纵观我国线材发展的历史，可以说有了突飞猛进的发展．特别是近几十年来，我国线材行业持续高速发展，以每年净增产200多万吨高速度增长，其产量从1987年的693万吨，增加到1999年的2608万吨。增长2.8倍；同期高速线材产量从32万吨增加到1218万吨，增长37倍；线材自给率达到99%以上；在品种质量方面也有很大提高，目前完全可以按国际先进技术指标进行生产。多数线品种与质量能够满足线材制品企业使用要求。所有这些都说明：我国已经成为世界最大的线材生产国，为世界同行所瞩目。但是也应看到，我国虽然是世界线材生产大国，但还不能说是线材生产强国；目前我国还有部分线材品种仍然依靠进口维持生产。如钢帘线、高应力弹簧钢、不锈钢、冷墩钢等线材。在重要用途线材实物质量方面，仍与世界先进工业国家仍有较大差距。
此次设计从分析我国国内线材生产的现状与当前我国线材应用的走势出发，先是根据建厂的可行性研究确立了建厂依据与产品大纲，然后确立了生产工艺制度与流程，工艺制度包括主要设备与辅助设备的选取、孔型的设计、年产量的计算以及力能参数计算与强度的校核。工艺流程为连铸冷胚料、运输辊道（检查、踢废上料运送称重）、加热炉加热、高压水除磷、 运输辊道、粗轧机、飞剪、中轧机、预精轧、中间冷箱、飞剪、精轧、减定径、控冷在线测径、夹送辊吐丝机、斯太尔摩冷却线、集卷挂卷检查、P/F线运输、打捆、称重、卸卷、入库。整条生产线经过合理计算，所有的设备运用合理恰当。
同时此次设计考虑到工艺的先进性，工艺平面布置和产品结构的合理性，经济的可行性等因素，以达到高质量，高自动化，低耗，低成本，高灵活性的目的和获得好的投资收益率和投入生产率。纵观工艺效果，此次设计在某些反面弥补了我国线材生产的不足，但在一定程度上仍有许多不完善，需要改进的地方。
Design of high speed wire rod plant of 800 thousand tons annual output
High speed wire rod is one of the most important products in iron and steel industry. It is widely used in the fields of infrastructure, building engineering, automobile and metal products. Wire generally made of ordinary carbon steel and high carbon steel. According to the different steel distribution directory and use, wire including ordinary hot-rolled carbon steel, high carbon steel wire rod, carbon welding rod, quenching and tempering threaded rod, wire rope with wire, piano wire wire and stainless steel wire rod and so on. In general in China (5-9) mm in diameter of eight specifications of hot-rolled bar is called wire supply volume. Due to the cross wire coil rod called.
Wire generally made of ordinary carbon steel and high carbon steel. According to the different steel distribution directory and use, wire including ordinary hot-rolled carbon steel, high carbon steel wire rod, carbon welding rod, quenching and tempering threaded rod, wire rope with wire, piano wire wire and stainless steel wire rod and so on.
(1) ordinary low carbon steel hot-rolled plate (GB701-65) and ordinary low carbon steel hot-rolled plate by low carbon ordinary carbon steel or low yield point carbon structure steel rolling, wire varieties in the amount of the largest and the most widely used wire rod, so it is also called the ordinary wire, referred to as the S & P line. Main uses: P line is mainly used for construction of reinforced concrete structure reinforcement, can also be cold drawn pull wire is made and used for binding.
(2) ordinary low carbon steel without torsion and controlled cooling, hot rod ZBH4403-88, torsion free and controlled cooling, hot rolled wire rods by torsion free high speed wire rod rolling mill adopting control cooling made, material and lines in the same, but no twist control of cold rolled and hot rolled wire rod has the advantages of high precision, good surface quality, high mechanical properties. Main purpose: no twist controlled cooling, hot rod size precision of A, B, C three. A, B, C level accuracy is suitable for wire drawing, construction, packaging and welding rod and other purposes, B, C level accuracy is applicable to the processing of bolts, screws and nuts, etc..
(3) the high quality carbon steel wire rod (GB4354-84), high-quality carbon steel wire rod is made of high-quality carbon structural steel and rolling. Is one of the varieties with large amount of wire.
Main purpose: high-quality carbon steel wire rod is mainly used for manufacturing carbon spring steel wire, oil tempered carbon spring steel wire, wire prestressed concrete, high strength quality carbon structural steel wire, galvanized steel wire, galvanized wire rope, etc..
(4) quality carbon steel torsion free controlled cooling, hot rolled wire rod (ZBH44002-88), the high quality carbon steel without torsion controlled cooling, hot rolled wire rod by a torsion free high speed wire rod rolling mill, rolling after take control cooling treatment. Compared with the high quality carbon steel wire rod, with high precision, good surface quality, higher mechanical properties.
Purpose: the main purpose of the same high quality carbon steel wire rod. Commonly used in the manufacture of carbon spring steel wire, oil quenched and tempered carbon spring steel wire, prestressed steel wire, high quality carbon steel wire, galvanized steel wire, etc..
(5) of steel wire for rope with torsion free and controlled cooling, hot rod ZBH44004-88, steel wire for rope with torsion free control hot or cold rolled plate and high quality carbon structural steel, no twist rod mill rolling, rolling controlled cooling and made. this Like rolling into wire rod, high precision, good surface quality, excellent mechanical properties.
Main uses: mainly used for drawing steel wire and steel wire strands.
(6) carbon electrode (GB3429-82) carbon steel wire rod, steel wire electrode made of low carbon hot rolled quality carbon structural steel made.
Main uses: mainly used in the manufacture of manual electric arc welding.
(7) alloy structural steel hot-rolled wire rod GB3077-82, alloy structural steel hot-rolled wire rod composed of alloy structural steel as material rolling and. Alloy structural steel, a total of 26 steel, 78 steel grades. The production plant according to the requirement and selection of various grades of production for different purposes.
Main uses: mainly used for drawing alloy structure steel rod steel wire, metal products and structures.
(8) hot rolled carbon tool steel, carbon tool steel (GB1298-86) by the quality or high quality high carbon steel and rolling. Processing performance and wear resistance is good, the price is cheap.
Main uses: mainly used for drawing steel and manufacturing than tools etc..
(9) hot rolled spring steel (GB1222-84), spring steel is used to manufacture steel spring or other elastic element. Spring and elastic components mainly use the elastic deformation absorb and store energy, to ease the shock, impact or make parts do some action for the purpose. Because it is in shock, vibration or long-term uniformly periodic alternating should work under stress conditions, thus requiring spring steel has a high yield strength, in particular, to have a higher yield strength ratio (yield strength and tensile strength ratio) and elastic high fatigue strength, high resistance to high temperature and corrosion resistance and other properties. Spring steel should also have good surface quality. Spring steel has carbon spring steel and alloy spring steel two kinds of 17 grades.
Main applications: spring steel hot-rolled wire is mainly used for the production of various uses of the spiral spring.
(10) welding with stainless steel wire rods (GB4241-84) welding with stainless steel wire and stainless steel wire rod on the chemical composition vary. In order to ensure the excellent welding performance and to improve the quality of weld, welding stainless steel wire for its remarkable characteristics in composition is carbon containing less volume is low, the phosphorus, sulfur and other toxic impurities, nickel, chromium content is higher.
Main uses: mainly used in the manufacture of steel wire and wire core.
Throughout China's wire development history, it can be said that the development by leaps and bounds. Especially in recent decades, the wire industry in China sustained rapid development, with an annual net increase of more than 200 million tons of high speed growth, the yield from 1987 to 693 million tons, increased to 2608 million tons in 1999. An increase of 2.8 times; high speed wire rod production over the same period from 32 million tons increased to 1218 tons, up 37 times; wire self-sufficiency rate reached 99% above; in variety and quality also greatly improved, the current can produce according to the advanced technical indicators. The variety and quality of most lines can meet the requirements of the use of wire products enterprises. All of which shows that China has become the world's largest producer of wire rod for the world's attention. But it should also be noted that although China is the world's leading wire rod production, but also can not be said to be a strong wire production; at present, there are still some types of wire rod still rely on imports to maintain production. Such as steel cord, high stress spring steel, stainless steel, cold heading steel wire. In the physical quality of the important use of wire, still with the world's advanced industrial countries still have a large gap.
Starting the trend of the design distracted from China's domestic wire rod production situation and the current our country wire applications, first according to the plant's feasibility study, established the plant basis and product outline, then established the system of produce process and process, process system including the main equipment and auxiliary equipment selection, pass design, the annual yield of calculation and mechanical parameter calculation and strength check. Process for continuous casting cold embryo material, transport roller (check, playing waste feeding delivery weighing), heating furnace, high pressure water removal, transportation roller, roughing mill, fly shear, rolling mill, pre finishing rolling, cold box, flying shear, rolling, reducing diameter, controlled cold line diameter measurement, a clamping feed roller spinning machine, Stelmor cooling line, set volume hanging check the volume, stage of transport line, bundling, weighing, discharge volume, storage. The entire production line after a reasonable calculation, the use of all the equipment is reasonable and appropriate.
And the design considering the process advanced, process layout and product structure of rationality, economic feasibility factors, in order to achieve high quality, high automation, low energy consumption, low cost, high flexibility and good return on investment rate and input productivity. Throughout the process, the design of the design in some way to make up for the lack of wire production, but to a certain extent, there are still many imperfections, the need to improve the place.
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