牛津译林版八上英语第九讲：8AU8同步讲义(（含答案）)

8A U8 Natural disasters

【单词拓展】

1．loud adj．响亮的，大声的

→loudly adv．大声地

2．shakevi．&vt．摇动，震动

→shake n．摇动，震动

→shakingn．摇动，震动

3．silent adj．寂静的

→silence n．寂静，沉默

4．trapped adj．困住的

→trap vt．使陷入困境

→trap n．陷阱

5．safe adj．安全的

→safety n．安全

6．asleep adj．睡着的

→sleep vi．睡觉”．睡眠

→sleepy adj．困倦的

→sleeping adj．睡着的

7．burn n．烧伤，烫伤

→burn vt．& vi．燃烧，烧毁

→burning adj．燃烧的

8．clear vt．清除，清理

→clear adj．清楚的，清澈的

【短语归纳】

1．mop up the water擦干水

2．thousands of people成千上万的人

3．wash away the village冲走村庄

4．catch fire着火

5．in fear在恐惧中

6．run in all directions四处逃散

7．come down坍塌

8．be trapped in a dark place被困在黑暗的地方

9．go through my mind在我的头脑中闪过

10．calm down冷静下来

11．shout for help喊救命

12．find one’s way out找到出路

13．run out of the building跑出大楼

14．break down损坏，出故障

15．as soon as possible尽快

16．protect oneself from traffic accident保护自己免受交通事故

17．follow traffic rules遵守交通规则

18．stay away from a window远离窗户

19．keep ourselves safe from fires 面临火灾时，保护自己安全

20．nearly fall over几乎跌倒

【句型分析】

1．What a terrible snowstorm!(P97)

句意：多么可怕的暴风雪呀!这是一个由what引导的省略了主语和谓语的感叹句。其完整结构为：What terrible snowstorm it is!

英语中感叹句的构成一般是：感叹部分+主语+谓语!，其感叹部分主要由what或bow引导，what对名词(短语)进行感叹；how对形容词或副词进行感叹。如：

What an interesting story it is! 这是一个多么有趣的故事啊!

What good news(it is)!多好的消息!

What delicious food my mother cooks every day !

我妈妈每天做的饭菜多么可口啊!

what beautiful flowers they are!多漂亮的花啊!

How tall the tree is!这棵树真高啊!

How slowly he walks!他走得真慢啊!

2．Sandy，I saw you and your parents standing on the sideof the road．(P97)

句意：桑迪，我看见你和你父母站在路边。句中用了see sb．doing sth．的结构，意为“看到某人正在做某事”．强调看到的动作正在进行。如：

On my way to school I saw some boys playing in thepark．在我上学的路上，我看见几个男孩在公园里玩。

When I passed the classroom，I heard a girl singing in it．当我经过教室时，我听到有个女孩在里面唱歌。

注意：see sb．do sth．表示“看到某人做某事”．强调看到的是动作自始至终的全过程或该动作经常发生。如：

I saw an old man fall over on the road just now．刚才我看见一个老人摔倒了。

I often see some old men play chess under that tree．我经常看见几个老人在那棵树下下象棋。

用法类似的词还有：hear．smell，feel，watch等。如：

I heard him playing the piano．我听到他正在弹钢琴。

I often hear the boy sing this English song．我经常听到这个男孩唱这首英文歌曲。

3．My dad’s car broke down because of the cold weather． (P97)

句意：因为寒冷的天气，我爸爸的汽车出故障了。短语because of意为“因为”，后接代词或名词(短语)，而because是连词，意为“因为”．后接原因状语从句。如：

We couldn’t play football yesterday afternoon becauseit rained heavily．

=We couldn’t play football yesterday afternoon because of the heavy rain．

昨天下午因为下大雨我们不能踢足球。

4．Try to get out as soon as possible．(P99)

句意：努力尽可能快地出去。句中的短语as…aspossible意为“尽可能……”，也可表达成as…as onecan，根据需要，在两个as之间使用不同的形容词或副词。as soon as possible可解释为very soon，意为“尽快”．也可以说成as soon as one can。如：

Please write to me as quickly as possible．请尽快给我回信。

Please give me information as much as possible．请尽可能地告诉我更多的信息。

I will write to you as soon as possible．我将尽可能快地给你写信。

If there is any change to the plan，1 will tell you as soon as possible／I can．

如果计划有改变的话，我将尽可能快地告诉你。

5．I was doing my homework in the classroom when Mr Wu came in and toldus to go home early．(P102)

句意：我正在教室里写家庭作业，吴老师走了进来．他要求我们早点回家。句中的连词when意为“就在那时”，相当于and at that moment。当when表示此意时，主句中的谓语动词往往表示正在进行中。如：

We were playing football happily in the playgroundwhen it began to rain．

我们正在操场上快乐地踢足球，就在那时开始下雨了。

I was watching TV in the sitting room when I suddenly heard someone shouting“Fire，fire”outside．

我正在客厅看电视，那时突然听到外面有人在喊“着火了”。

They were about to go out this morning when thetelephone rang．

今天早上他们刚要出去就在那时电话铃响了。

【语法点拨】

过去进行时

1．定义

过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或过去某一段时问一直在进行的动作。如：

I was doing my homework at 8 P．m．1ast night. 昨晚8点我正在做家庭作业。

What were you doing last month?上个月你一直在做什么?

2．构成

过去进行时由‘‘助动词be的过去式was／were+现在分词”构成。如：

The boywas cleaningthe house．那个男孩正在打扫房子。

They were playing football at four yesterday afternoon．昨天下午四点他们在踢足球。

3．句式变化

(1)一般疑问句及回答

变成一般疑问句时应将was或were移到句首。如：

一Was it raining at 6 0’clock this morning?

今天早上六点钟天正在下雨吗?

一Yes，it was．／No，it wash’t．是的。／不是。

…Were they building a dam last winter?

去年冬天他们在建大坝吗?

Yes，they were．／No，they weren’t．

是的，他们在建。／不，他们没有。

(2)否定句．

肯定句变成否定句时在was／were后加not，was not常缩写为wasn’t，were not常缩写为weren’t。如：

My brother was not／wasn’t playing computer game lastnight．

昨天晚上我弟弟不在玩电脑游戏。

We were not／weren’t shopping at this time yesterday．昨天这个时候我们不在购物。

4．用法

(1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。动作发生的特定时间常用一个时间短语或时间状语从句来表明。如：

I first met Lisa three years ago．She was working at a radio shop at that time．我三年前第一次遇见丽莎。那时，她在一家无线电用品商店工作。

I was drawing a horse when the teacher came in．老师进来时，我正在画马。

(2)表示过去某一段时间一直在进行的动作。如：

Mv father was watching TV from seven to eight last

night．昨天晚上七点到八点我爸爸在看电视。

I was living in my teacher’s house when I was in middle school．上中学时，我一直住在老师家里。

(3)有些动词通常不用进行时。主要有：

表示心理状态、情感的动词，如love、hate、like、know等。

部分连系动词，如seem、appear等。

感官动词，如see、hear、feel、smell、sound、taste等。

短暂性动词，如decide、stop等。

when，while和as的用法

1．when，while和as这三个词均有“当……时候”的意思，而且都可以引导时间状语从句。when和as既可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段时间，其从句中的谓语动词表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的，也可以是延续性的；

while只指一段时间，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。即：指一段时间时，when、while和as都可用；指某一点时间时，只能用when或as，不能用while。如：

When／As he woke up，it was eight o'clock．他醒来的时候，时间是八点钟。

When／As／While 1 was waiting for a bus，I met her．我在等公共汽车的时候，遇到了她。

2．when引导的从句的谓语动词动作可以在主句谓语动词动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as引导的从句的谓语动词动作必须和主句谓语动词动作同时发生。如：

When he finished his homework，he played the computer games for a while．当他完成作业后，他玩了会儿电脑游戏。(finished先发生)

When I got to the museum，the door was closed．

当我到达博物馆时，大门已经关上了。(got to后发生)

While／As I was sleeping，the telephone rang．

当我在睡觉的时候，电话响了。(was sleeping和rang同时发生)

3．当主句、从句动作同时发生且从句动作为延续性动词时，when、while和as都可使用。如：When／while／As we were reading，a stranger came in．当我们在看书时，一位陌生人走了进来。(read为延续性动词)

4．强调两个动作同时进行，常用“过去进行时+while+过去进行时”结构。如：

They were rowing boats while we were climbing the hill．我们在爬山时，他们在划船。

5．强调某个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在进行，常用“一般过去时+while+过去进行时”结构。如：

It began to rain heavily while we were having dinner．

我们在吃晚饭时，开始下起大雨。

6．强调某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生，常用“过去进行时+when十一般过去时”结构。如：

I was walking in the street when he called me．我正在街上走时，他给我打电话了。

7．当主句、从句动作同时进行时，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用as。这时，as有“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。如：

As years go by，China is getting richer and stronger．

随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。

The little girls sang as they played．小姑娘们一边玩，一边唱。

单词拼写

1. Who ate______（完全地）my ice cream!1 wanted to give it to my sister!

2. I enjoy the life in the_______（乡下）.It makes me feel comfortable there.

3. We were_______（清理）the classroom the whole afternoon.

4. Our school is going to make some_______（规则）about what to wear at school.

5．May I know your_______（外孙）names?

6. Jenny is_______（将近）as tall as her mother now. She is still growing.

7. Don't put any cream on your_______（烧伤处）before going to see the doctor.

8.-Where was your father when the earthquake happened?

-Oh, he was_______.And even the noise couldn't wake him up.

9.-What's wrong with your teeth?

-I had a bad_______ after eating the candy.I need to see the doctor.

10. -Honey, don't play with matches. They_______ fire easily.

-Sorry, I won't, Mum.

动词填空

1. My mum wanted me to help her_______ (mop) the floor.

2. They_______ (plan) their trip the whole night so they couldn't get up this morning.

3. The number of rare cranes_______ (get) smaller if we keep doing nothing, isn't it?

4. Mr Xiao_______ (read) in the library when I called him last night.

5. The children_______ (carry) water for the old over there. You should help them.

6. Try_______ (not think) too much of your points. Just do your best!

7. -Your watch looks very beautiful. .

-Thank you. My uncle_______ (send) it to me as a birthday present.

8. It's really nice of you_______ (share) your umbrella with this little girl.

9. Who_______ (make) breakfast for you every morning in your home?

10._______ they_______ (cook) the birthday dinner for you between 18:00 and20:00 last night?

答案：

单词拼写

1. up 2. countryside 3. clearing 4. rules 5. grandsons'

6. nearly 7. burn 8. sleeping/asleep 9. toothache 10. catch

动词填空.

1. mop 2. were planning 3. is going to get 4. was reading 5. are carrying 6. not to think 7. sent 8. to share 9. makes 10. Were, cooking

动词填空

1. -Where is Jack?

-I don't know. He_______ (write) something on his notebook when I passed theclassroom.

2. There is only one student_______ (mop) the floor. Where are the others?

3. When I met Miss Li in the street yesterday, I stopped_______ (talk) to her.

4. The flood made a lot of people_______ (lose) their lives.

5. Who_______ (wait) for you in front of your house at seven yesterday morning?

6. Every kind of disaster_______ (cause) a lot of problems every year.

7. The plane_______ (not arrive) here on time because the report says there will be aheavy snow soon.

8. Did you hear somebody_______ (scream) when you walked past the house?

9. Look! The police_______ (clear) the snow from the streets.

10. Do you know how_______ (work) out this maths problem?

答案：1. was writing 2. mopping 3. to talk 4. lose 5. was waiting 6. causes 7. won't arrive 8. screaming 9. are clearing 10. to work

单选

( ) 1. _______ last, they arrived_______ the morning of June 25,2013.

A. In; in B. By; on C. At; on D. At; in

( ) 2. A_______ washed the village away.

A. thunder B. snowstorm C. lightning D. flood

( ) 3. -Oh, you didn't carry an umbrella with you! Didn't you listen to the weather report?

-Yes, I did. But it_______ when I left my home.

A. rains B. rained C. wasn't raining D. was raining

( ) 4. The car crashed_______ a tree because the driver drove after drinking.

A. in B. on C. / D. into

( ) 5. Last night, I_______ along the street when I suddenly heard a gun shot(枪声).

A. walk B walked C. was walking D. am walking

( ) 6. Some wild animals can_______ alive_______ eating anything through the whole winter.

A. stay; not B. turn; without C. stay; without D. keep; not

( ) 7. _______ you are so tired, you'd better have a good rest.

A. Since B. Before C. After D. So

( ) 8. Last Sunday Jim's school_______ fire because lightning hit it.

A. catches B. gets C. caught D. got

(' ) 9. When the earthquake hit the country, lots of houses_______.

A. put down B. came down C. went down D. turned down

( )10. -I didn't see you at the party yesterday.

-Oh, I_______ for an important call from my brother.

A. waited B. will wait C. waiting D. was waiting

( )11. The earthquake in Japan took away_______ lives.

A. thousands of B. ten thousands

C. thousand of D. ten thousands of

( )12. My mother was watching TV_______ I came into-her bedroom.

A. before B. after C. when D. if

( )13. He shouted_______ help, but no one cam_______ a long time.

A. to; to B to; for C. for; for D. for; to

( )14. He fell off his bike and_______ his arm.

A. hurted B. was hurt C. hurt D. hurts

( )15. His car_______ the bad weather on his way home.

A. broke down because B. broke down because of

C. broke off because D. broke off because of

( )16. The floor is so clean. Who_______ this morning?

A. mopped up it B. mopped it up

C. mop up it D. mops it up

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