英语动词不规则变化表

发布时间:2014-04-01 08:52:39   来源:文档文库   
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★☆英语动词不规则变化表☆★ 时态是中学阶段的重点,也是难点,而与其息息相关的动词(尤其是不规则动词)的过去式、过去分词的变化散乱难记,令人头疼。可仔细琢磨就不难发现它们的变化有一定的规律可循。 ★记忆法一:常见93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下: 一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个) cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let— let put—put—put read—read—read set—set—set shut—shut—shut 二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个) 1过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。(3个) bring—brought—brought buy— bought—bought think—thought—thought 2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个) build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent 3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。(2个) catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught 4把-eep变为-ept。(3个) keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep— swept—swept 5把-ell变为-old。(2个) tell—told—told sell—sold—sold 6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个) smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt feel—felt— felt spill—spilt—spilt 7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个) learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant spoil—spoilt—spoilt 8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个) say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard 9改变元音字母。(11个) meet—met—met get—got—got sit—sat—sat find— found—found hold—held—held spit—spat—spat shine— shone—shone win—won—won hang—hung—hung dig— dug—dug lose—lost—lost 10改变辅音字母。(1个) make—made—made 11改变元、辅音字母。(4个) leave—left—left stand—stood—stood have(has)— had—had understand—understood—understood 三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个) 1 i—a—u变化。(6个) begin—began—begun drink—drank—drunk sing— sang—sung ring—rang—rung swim—swam—swum sink— sank—sunk 2 词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个) blow—blew—blown draw—drew—drawn grow— grew—grown know—knew—known throw—threw—thrown(show除外) 3 词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外) drive—drove—driven write—wrote—written ride— rode—ridden rise—rose—risen 4 过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个) break—broke—broken choose—chose—chosen freeze—froze—frozen speak—spoke—spoken wake—woke— woken 5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个) forget—forgot—forgotten 6 过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个) be—was(were)—been eat—ate—eaten fall—fell—fallen give—gave—given see—saw—seen hide—hid—hidden(hid) 7 词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个) take—took—taken mistake—mistook—mistaken 8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个) do—did—done fly—flew—flown go—went—gone lie—lay—lain show—showed—shown wear—wore—worn 四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个) beat—beat—beaten 五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个) come—came—come become—became—become run— ran—run 六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个) can—could may—might will—would shall—should ★记忆法二:不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。 一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同: cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。) 二、 原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同: beat/beat/beaten 三、 原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同: come/came/come become/became/become run/ran/run (come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed) 四、 过去式,过去分词相同: (1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e meet/met/met feed/fed/fed (2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept (3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加t spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt spill/spilt/spilt (4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾 catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught bring/brought/brought buy/bought/bought think/thought/thought (5) 将stand改为stood stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood (6) 将ay改为aid lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid say/said/said (7) 将d改为t lend/lent/lent send/sent/sent spend/spent/spent build/built/built (8) 将i改为a , o, u等 sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat dig/dug/dug win/won/won (9) 将ell改为old tell/told/told sell/sold/sold (10) 词尾加t learn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt (11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的: learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled burn/burnt/burnt burn/burned/burned light/lii/lit light/lighted/lighted (12) 其它 have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heard shoot/shot/shot lose/lost/lost hold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten) find/found/found make/made/made leave/left/left 五、三者均不同: (1) 过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾 blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown grow/grew/grown know/knew/known throw/threw/thrown 值得注意的是: show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn (2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词 begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk (3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾 drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden (4) 原形后加n变成过去分词 drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen eat/ate/eaten give/gave/given fall/fell/fallen (5) 过去式后加n变成过去分词 break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistaken steal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spoken take/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke) (6)其它 be/was或were/been do/did/done forget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gone hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seen wear/wore/worn 六、 有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。 wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义: shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词: shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮 hung/hung悬挂 hanged/hanged绞死 八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词 lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词) lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying find 找到、发现find/found/found found 创建,成立 found/founded/founded 九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆 (一)词义相对: (1) come/came/come来—— go/went/gone去 (2) give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得 (3) sleep/slept/slept睡觉— wake/woke/woken (或woke) 或wake/waked/waked 醒来 (4) rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下 sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉 (5) buy/bought/bought买—— sell/sold/sold出售, 卖 (6) take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought 带来 (7) teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt 或learn/learned/learned学习、学会 (8) lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——find/found/found找到 win/won/won赢得、(获)胜 (9) stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐 (10) send/sent/sent 送、寄、发送——get/got/got获得、收到 (二)词义相近: (1) beat/beat/beaten 打, 打败 win/won/won赢得、获胜 (2) understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解 know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 认识 (3) get/got/got(AmE gotten)变成、成为、变得 become/became/become 变成, 成为, 变得 go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成 (4) spend/spent/spent 花费、度过 pay/paid/paid 支付、交纳 cost/cost/cost花费、价值为 take/took/taken花费 (5) say/said/said说、讲 speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲 tell/told/told 告诉、说、吩咐、断定 talk/talked/talked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论 ★记忆法三: 1.无变化,过去式与原形相同。 let→let, put→put, hit→hit, must→must, set→set, beat→beat, cast→cast, cost→cost, cut→cut, hurt→hurt, read→red, shut→shut (shed→shed split→split spread→spread burst→burst) 2.元音字母的变化。 i→a: begin→began, drink→drank, ring→rang, sing→sang, swim→swam, give→gave, sit→sat, sink→sank i→o: drive→drove, ride→rode, shine→shone, write→wrote, rise→rose, win→won, (strive→strove arise→arose) i→ou: find→found (wind→wound, bind→bound, grind→ground) a→oo: take→took, shake→shook e→o: get→got, forget→forgot o→a: come→came, become→became oo→o: shoot→shot, choose→chose 3.元音字母组合的变化。 aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew, blow→blew, grow→grew, know→knew, throw→threw, fly→flew 4.元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。 (1) sell→sold, tell→told, retell→retold (2) say→said, pay→paid, lay→laid, relay→relaid (3) sweep→swept, keep→kept, sleep→slept, creep→crept (4) bring→brought, buy→bought, think→thought, fight→fought (5) catch→caught, teach→taught (6) can→could, will→would, shall→should 5.辅音字母变化。 (1)build→built, send→sent, bend→bent, lend→lent, rend→rent, spend→spent (2)make→made, have→had, hear→heard (3)mean→meant, learn→learnt 来自:一定要靠谱儿 > 《待分类》 献花(0)+1 分享: 人人网 开心网 搜狐微博 推荐给朋友 举报 类似文章 更多 巧记不规则动词的过去式 - 小学 动词不规则过去式规则记忆 动词的过去式和过去分词怎么背? 过去分词 Unit_9_Have_you_ever_been_to_an_amuse... 现 在 完 成 时 态 不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记法(二).... 英语常用不规则动词(变化规律小结) 热门推广 -

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