Unit 1

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Unit1Penfriends
(一)单元重点I.单词或词组的英文解释:
(1baseball:ballgameplayedwithabatandballbetweentwoteamsofnineplayersineach(2rugby:aformoffootballplayedwithanovalballwhichmaybekickedorcarried(3title:nameofabook,poem,picture,etc
(4greeting:firstwordsusedonseeingsborinwritingtosb(5corner:placewheretwolines,wallsorroadsmeet(6signature:personsnamewrittenbyhimself(7apostcode:partofapersonsaddress
(8pen-friend:someoneyouwritelettersto,asahobby(9Walker:atownintheUK(10Newcastle:acityintheUK
(11magazine:alarge,thinbookwithpicturesusuallypublishedonceaweekoramonth.(12metre:aunitformeasuringlength;100centimetres
(13hobbyaninterestoractivitysuchascollectingstampsormakingmodels(14chess:acommonboardgame(15own:havesth.thatisyours(16nearby:notfaraway
(17college:aplacewherepeoplegotostudymoredifficultsubjectsaftertheyhaveleft
school;apartofauniversity
(18university:placewhereyoucanstudyforadegreeafteryouleaveschool
(19accountant:theperson(inacompanywholooksafterthemoneyandkeepsthefinancial
records
(20during:allthetimethatsomethingishappening(21(bekeenon:veryinterestedin;wantingtodosomething(22ski:moveoversnowonskis
(23tabletennis:gamewhereplayersusearoundbattohitasmalllightballoveranetona
bigtable
(24best:ofthemostexcellenttypeorquality(25physics:studyofthingslikeheat,lightandsound(26ambition:wishorgoal
(27architect:apersonwhoplansanddesignsabuilding(28maybe:perhaps;probably
(29enclose:putsomethinginsidealetter
(30squash:gameplayedwithracketsandasmallsoftishhollowrubberball,inacourt
enclosedbywallsandaroof

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(31idle:lazy,notwantingtodothework
(32trainers:softrubber-soledshoeswornbyathletes
(33height:howtallitisfromthebottomtothetopofsomebodyorsomething(34weight:degreeofheavinessofathing(35dream:somethingnicethatyouhopefor(36probably:almostcertainly
(37tie:alongnarrowpieceoffabricwornaroundtheneck,especiallybymen,withaknotin
front.
(38roof:thestructurethatcoversorformsthetopofabuildingoravehicle
II.课文语言点:ReadingP1-2
1.getaletterfromsb=receivealetterfromsb==hearfromsb收到某人的来信2.write(alettertosb写信给某人3.knowabout了解
4.photo=photographn.照片复数形式:photos
5.play+球类运动play+the+乐器play+游戏play+棋牌类
playbadminton/basketball/baseball/football/tennis/rugbyplaythepiano/violin/guitarplaycomputergames/videogamesplaycards/chess6.poemn.7.titlen.标题,题目
8.greetingn.招呼,书信开端的称呼,问候greetv.欢迎,致意,问候9.anaddressinthetop-rightcorner在右上角的地址
10.signaturen.签名,签字,署名signv.签字signaln.信号,手势
11.attheend(of在(的)末端,在()底intheend=atlast=finally最后,终于bytheendof……末为止,如果后面跟表示过去的时间状语,用过去完成时。12.adateundertheaddress地址下面的日期13.readthewholeletter读整封信
14.aboycalledJon一个名叫乔的男孩agirlcalledMay一个名叫梅的女孩acountrycalledtheUK一个名叫英国的国家calledJon/May/theUK在这里是过去分词短语做定语用。
15.on30August在八月三十日,在具体某一天前用介词on16.wanttodosth=wouldliketodosth想要做某事
wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事wantsbnottodosth想要某人不做某事17.apostcode=apostalcode邮政编码postaladj.邮寄的
postv.投寄,邮寄n.邮政,邮寄,邮件postman(plpostmenn.邮递员postcardn.明信片

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18.partof中的一部分
19.agroupoflettersandnumbers一组字母和数字
20.makeit+adj.forsbtodosth使得做某事对某人来说是it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式todosth
21.deliverletters递送信件deliver=taketopeoplev.投递(信件,邮包等);传送P3
1.aletterfromsb一封来自某人的信aletterfor/tosb一封给某人的信
2.at2MiddleStreet,Walker,Newcastle在纽卡斯尔市沃克镇中街2号,小地方前用介词at3.inPenfriendsmagazine在笔友杂志上magazinen.杂志
4.Iwouldliketobeyourpen-friend.=Iwanttobeyourpen-friend我想成为你的笔友5.tellyousomethingaboutmyself告诉你一些关于我自己的事情6.callmeJon叫我乔
7.aboutoneandahalfmetrestall约一米五高oneandahalfmetres=onemetreandahalf8.haveveryshortblackhair有短黑发hairn.头发,不可数名词
9.Myhobbyisplayingchess.我的业余爱好是下棋playingchess动名词短语做表语10.livewithsb和某人住在一起11.intheUK(UnitedKingdom在英国
12.befrom=comefrom来自Wheredoyoucomefrom?=Whereareyoufrom?
13.MydadownsaChineserestaurant.=MydadhasaChineserestaurantofhisown.=MydadistheownerofaChineserestaurant.=TheChineserestaurantismydads.=TherestaurantChinesebelongstomydad.
14.ownv.拥有adj.自己的ownern.物主,拥有者15.nearbyadv.在附近adj.附近的
16.workinacollege在大学工作gotocollege上大学17.atuniversity(上大学gotouniversity上大学
18.studytobeanaccountant学习为了成为会计师accountantn.会计;会计师accountv.报账
19.comebackhome=returnhome回家
20.duringtheholidays在假期(期间)duringprep.……期间
21.inYearSevenatWalkerSchool在沃克学校读七年级YearSeven=GradeSeven22.walktoschool=gotoschoolonfoot步行上学
23.friendlyadj.朋友般的;友好的friendn.朋友friendshipn.友谊befriendlyto=bekindto友好的
24.bekeenon=likeverymuch=beveryinterestedin=befondof(特别喜欢;渴望;热衷bekeenon+sth/doingsth
25.enjoydoingsth-ing形式的动词还有:finish,mind,practice等。这些动词后只跟动名词,不跟动词不定式。joyn.欢乐;高兴,乐趣toonesjoy使某人高兴的是enjoyv.……中获得乐趣enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime过得愉快enjoyableadj.使人愉

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快的;使人欢乐的
26.physicsn.物理aphysicsteacheraphysicslabphysicsexercises/homeworkteachusphysics
physicaladj.物理的;身体的,aphysicalchange物理变化dophysicalexercises体育锻炼
27.Myambitionistobeanarchitect.=Iwanttobeanarchitect.我的志向是成为一名建筑师又如:Myjobistoteachchildren.QuYuansjobwastogiveadvicetothenewemperor.
在这里todosth动词不定式做表语
28.maybe=perhaps;possibly;probablymaybeadv.可能,大概;也许maybev.可能是Maybeyouareright.=Youmayberight.29.enginen.发动机,引擎anengineern.工程师
30.encloseaphotoofmyselfandsomeofmyschoolfriends随信附上一张我和学校几个朋友的照片
aphotoofmyself=aphotoofme我本人的照片,强调的是照片里有我
aphotoofmine我(拥有)的照片中的一张,强调这是属于我的照片,但照片里不一定有我本人。
31.inthemiddle(of=inthecentre(of(中间
32.Ihopeyouwillwritetomesoon.=Ihopetohearfromyousoon.=Ihopetogetaletterfrom
soon.我希望很快你会写信给我.P4-6
1.usetheotherwordsaroundit使用它周围所有其它的词useotherwordsaroundit使用它周围其它的词(中的一部分)2.helpsb(todosth帮助某人做某事
3.workoutitsmeaning弄明白它的意思workout还有“做出;算出;制定出;解决”
的意思=solve
4.tiredadj.(人感到疲劳的,累的tiringadj.(事)令人疲劳的,累的5.evenif=eventhough即使引导让步状语从句6.akindofsport一种体育运动
7.trytodosth设法做某事trydoingsth试着做某事8.themeaningsofthewordsinitalics斜体字的意思
9.tidyhisroom收拾他的房间tidyv.使整齐adj.整洁的,干净的
10.lazyadj.懒惰的angryadj.生气的,愤怒的angrilyadv.生气地;愤怒地
11.buysomenewtrainersfor500500元买了些新运动鞋buysomethingforsome
money
12.lookverygood看上去很好look连系动词,后跟形容词13.toobigforhisfeet对他的脚来说太大了footn.plfeet14.choosethebestmeaningsforthem为他们选择最佳的意思

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15.--Wouldyouliketo.?--Yes,I’dlove/liketo.
16.teachPhysicsatajuniorschool一所初中的物理老师17.hisbestsubjectatschool他在学校最好的科目18.dowellin=begoodat擅长于反:bepoorat
19.hisheight他的身高heightn.高度highadj.高的
20.hisweight他的体重weightn.重量weighv.……的重量;重21.hisworstschoolsubject他最差的学校科目
22.hisdreamjob他理想的工作dreamn.v.梦,梦想
23.feelunhappy感到不开心feel连系动词,后跟形容词happyadj.幸福的;快乐的,高兴地happilyadv.幸福地;快乐地,高兴地happinessn.幸福,快乐24.movetotheUK搬到英国
25.gotoschoolbyschoolbus乘校车上学
26.putonephotoinhislettertoMay把一张照片放进他写给梅的信里27.leaveschool毕业
GrammarP7-8
1.questionwords疑问词2.findoutthings获知事情
3.atthebeginningof……的开始/开头attheendof……的结尾/末端4.healthn.健康healthyadj.健康的unhealthyadj.不健康的5.transportn.交通;运输,运送6.distancen.距离distantadj.远的;遥远的
7.durationn.持续时间;期间duringprep.……期间8.sayitintheletter在信里说这件事
9.writeareply写回信replyv.&n.回答,答复
9.puttheverbortheauxiliaryinfrontofthesubject把动词或助动词放在主语前面10.writethequestionscorrectly正确地写出问题correctlyadv.正确地correctadj.正确的,对的;恰当的v.改正;纠正
11.putthewordsintherightorder按正确的顺序排列这些单词12.inthenorth-eastofEngland在英国的东北部P9-10
1.useabeforewordsbeginningwithconsonantwords
useanbeforewordsbeginningwithvowelwords在由元音音素开始的词前用an,beginningwith是现在分词短语做定语用,修饰wordsbeginwith=startwith……开始
2.workinanoffice在办公室工作3.(wearauniform(穿制服

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4.anhonestperson一个诚实的人honestadj.诚实的;正直的honestyn.诚实dishonestadj.不诚实的,欺骗性的
5.anarchitect一个建筑设计师anEnglishteacher一个英语老师anactor/actress个演员/女演员
6.ascientist一个科学家apilot一个飞行员abasketballstar一个篮球明星Listening
1.listentosbdoingsth听某人正在做某事
2.describeeightofthestudentsintheclass描述班级里的八个学生describev.描述,描绘descriptionn.描述3.takenotes做笔记
4.asintheexamplegivenforJoyce正如在给出的Joyce的例子里一样5.matchwith…………配起来
6.writethenamesinthecorrectplaces在正确的地方写上名字7.quitelong相当长
8.hasapartinginthemiddleofherhair她的头发中间分开9.blondehair金发
10.touchhershirt碰到她的衬衫11.haveanicesmile笑起来很好看
12.bepulledbackbehindherhead被拉在头的后面13.wearalightbrownshirt穿着一件淡棕色的衬衫14.abluetiewithyellowstripes一条有黄条纹的蓝领带15.darkbrownhair深棕色头发
16.almostoverhiseyes几乎遮住了他的眼睛Speaking
1.askquestionsstartingwithquestionwords问由疑问词开头的问题
2.letourvoicesfallattheend让我们的声音在最后下降letsbdosth让某人做某事3.makeourvoicesriseattheendofsentences使我们的声音在句子最后上升makesbdosth让某人做某事
4.dothistoexpresssurprise,orotherfeelingssuchashappiness这样做是为了表达惊讶或其它诸如愉快之类的感情5.practisedoingsth练习做某事
6.makeyourvoicesgodownorup你使的声音下降或上升godown=sinkgoup=rise7.be(was/wereborn出生8.innineteenninety-five1995
9.haveapurpleroof有紫色的屋顶roofn.屋顶(plroofs10.meetsbforthefirsttime第一次见某人

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11.makeasimilarconversationaboutyourselves编一个关于你们自己的类似的对话12.liveinBritain住在英国
13.(onthetenthofSeptember(九月十日
14.introduceoneofyourfriendstotheclass把你的一个朋友介绍给班级的同学15.usethefactsabouthimorher使用有关他/她的实际情况Writing
1.alettertoapenfriend一封给笔友的信
2.replytoJonsletter回乔的信replyv.回答,答复
3.writeyourhomeaddressortheaddressofyourschool写你的家庭地址或学校地址4.lookathowJonwriteshisaddress5.start/endyourletter开始/结束你的信6.Thanksalotforyourletter.多谢你的来信。7.behappytodosth高兴做某事
8.decideonsth决定某事decidetodosth决定做某事decisionn.决定makeadecision做决定
9.choosev.选择choicen.选择
10.begreattohearfromyou收到你的来信很棒11.allIhavetosay我得说的一切
12.startingsentences开头句endingsentences结束句13.Bestwishes最美好的祝愿
14.anotherpenfriendinCanada在加拿大的另一个笔友15.writeanaddressonanenvelope信封上的地址
16.usecapitalletterswherenecessary在必要的地方用大写字母
Morepractice
1.usetheInternettolookforpenfriends用英特网找朋友2.thinkofsomequestions思考一些问题3.welcometomyblog欢迎来我的博客4.agirlfromGermany一个来自德国的女孩5.listeningtopopmusic听流行音乐6.learntoplaytheguitar学着弹吉他
7.nativelanguage母语nativeadj.本地的;本国的;当地的n.本地人;本国人8.quitesmall十分小quiteadv.完全;十分;相当9.closeto……
10.lovedrawingpicturesofmountains喜爱画山的图片lovedoing11.sharearoomwithmysister和我妹妹合用一个房间12.havetwootherlittlesisters还有另外两个姐妹

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13.lovetohavefamilyparties喜欢举行家庭聚会lovetodo
14.attendschool上学attendclass上课attendameeting/lecture参加会议/讲座15.on/atweekdays=on/attheweekday在工作日16.wearaschooluniform穿校服
17.havepenfriendsfromallovertheworld拥有来自世界各地的笔友18.comeandvisitmeinGermanyoneday将来有一天来德国看我19.readabout阅读关于20.thinkabout考虑21.lookbackat回顾
22.Europen.欧洲Europeanadj.欧洲的n.欧洲人
23.Australian.澳大利亚;澳洲Australianadj.澳洲的;澳大利亚的n.澳大利亚人24.Germanyn.德国Germanadj.德国的;德国人的;德语的n.德国人;德语(plGermans25.enjoywritinginEnglish喜欢用英语写26.havenobrothersorsisters没有兄弟姐妹27.IthinkJasonwillwritetoAnnabecauseIdontthinkJasonwillwritetoAnnabecause
III.课文重要句型:
1.TheletterisfromaboycalledJon.2.Hewantshertowritetohimsoon.
3.Apostcodemakesiteasierforthepostofficetodeliverletters.makeit+adj.forsb.todosth.it形式宾语
4.Iamtwelveyearsold.=Iamatwelve-year-oldboy/girl.5.Ienjoyskiingandplayingtabletennis.6.HeisatuniversityinLondon.
7.Iamkeenonsports=Iaminterestedinsports.=Iamfondofsports.8.Myambitionistobeanarchitectormaybeanengineer.be+todosth.动词不定式做表语
9.Ihopeyouwillwritetomesoonandtellmeallaboutyourself.
hope有可能实现的愿望wish不大可能实现的愿望
hope(thatwill\hopetodo希望做某事wishsb.todo希望某人做…….10.Youcanuseotherwordsaroundittohelpyouworkoutitsmeaning.11.HedoeswellinEnglish=HeisgoodatEnglish.12.Ihavenobrotherorsisters.Doyouliketeaorcoffee?
Hurryup,oryouwillmissthebus.

(二)单元难点(Difficultpoints

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1.特殊疑问词who(whom/whose/howoften/howmanytimes/howlong/howfar
/howsoon/howmany/howmuch/howfast/howtall/howheavy/2.不定冠词a/an的用法,字母与音素的区别。
特殊案例:\ju:\auniversity\ausualbook\aEuropean欧洲人\
\w\aone-daytrip\a100-wordarticle
\/\\anuncle\anumbrella\anunusualbook\anunhappydayanhour\an8-year-oldchild\anhonestperson\
ans(efhilmnorsx
(三)单元主要语法点1.
特殊疑问句
A.特殊疑问句的疑问词
特殊疑问句由疑问代词或疑问副词开头,询问内容不同,使用的疑问词也不同。如:what(询问事物)
when(询问时间)why



where(询问地点)
whattime(询问时间,尤其是几点钟)who(询问人)whose(询问谁的)…howbig(询问多大)howlong(询问时间多久)

which(询问哪个人或物)
(询问为什么)
还有一些与how相关的疑问词
如:how(询问怎样或健康状况)
howfar(询问多远)howold(询问年龄)


howmany+名词的复数形式(询问可数名词的数量)howmuch(询问价格或不可数名词的数量)








B.特殊疑问句的语序
特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,其构成是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?,如:Wheredidtheremovalmenputthesofa?Whowillhelpustomakedifferentfoods?Howlongareyougoingtostaythere?C.特殊疑问句的回答
特殊疑问句不能用yes,no来回答,而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答,如:---Whichplacearewegoingtovisitfirst?我们先去哪个地方玩?---------
TheGreatWall.




长城。
到最近的宾馆有多远?
Howfarisittothenearesthotel?

搬运工把沙发放在哪里了?谁会帮助我们做不同的食物?
你们准备在那里住多久?
About15minutes’walkalongthisroad.沿着这条路走大约一刻钟。
D.特殊疑问句的语调
一般情况下,特殊疑问句要用降调(↘)来读,如:Who’sthat?




9

那是谁?
这个厨房有多大?
Howbigisthekitchen?



Howsoonwillhecomeback?
2.
不定冠词aan
他要过多久才回来?
aan修饰可数名词的单数,表示一个A“a”用在以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前如:aballoon如:auniversity

一个气球
ahospital

一个医院一个欧洲人
【注意】有些单词虽然是元音字母开头,但发音却是以辅音音素开头要用“a”
一所大学aEuropean一条单行道一个苹果一位大叔

anegg

一个鸡蛋一个烤箱
aone-waystreet如:anapple
anicecreamanuncle【注意】
1.有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头,但辅音字母并不发音,还是要用an,如:anhour

一小时anhonestperson
一个诚实的人
2.an还用在发音以元音音素开头的单个字母前面,如:Thereisan“m”inthewordcamping.

C.不定冠词的用法
1.指人或事物的某一类,泛指。
e.g.Anundergroundtrainisfasterthanabus.Astudentshouldworkhard.
2.泛指某一类人或事物中的一个。
e.g.Iamastudent.Givemeapen,please.
3.表示数量“一”相当于one
e.g.Thereisagardenbehindthehouse.
4.表示单位,相当于“每”的意思。
e.g.Ivisitmygrandmaonceaweek.
5.指某人或某物,但不具体指何人或何物。
e.g.Aboyiswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.
6.习惯用语
e.g.haveagoodtime,inahurry=hurriedly,haveabreak/rest,withasmileforawhile,apairof,havealook,takeanactivepartin
camping这个单词里有一个字母m.
Youvelostanlinthewordfinally.你在finally这个单词中漏了一个字母l.

B“an”用在以元音音素开头的可数名词单数前
一个冰激凌anoven
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