State of the Art Review ofMobile Payment TechnologyDavid McKitterick and Jim DowlingDepartment of Computer ScienceTrinity College DublinDavid.McKitterick@cs.tcd.ie, Jim.Dowling@cs.tcd.ieIntroductionMobile payments will gain significant traction in the coming years as the mobile and payment technologies mature and become widely available. Various technologies are competing to become the established standards for physical and virtual mobile payments, yet it is ultimately the users who will determine the level of success of the technologies through their adoption. Only if it becomes easier and cheaper to transact business using mobile payment applications than by using conventional methods will they become popular, either with users or providers.This document is a state of the art review of mobile payment technologies. It covers all of the technologies involved in a mobile payment solution, including mobile networks in section 2, mobile services in section 3, mobile platforms in section 4, mobile commerce in section 5 and different mobile payment solutions in sections 6 to 8.Mobile Network TechnologiesMobile network [1] technologies have evolved from analog based systems to digital based systems and from circuit switching to packet switching technologies. This evolution can be described by different generations of mobile technologies, i.e. first-generation (1G), second-generation (2G), 2.5G and third-generation (3G) technologies. Only 1G is based on analog technology. Some of the main standards for each generation technology are:1G: Advance Mobile Phone System (AMPS) in North America, Total Access Communication System (TACS) in UK, Nippon Telegraph & Telephone (NTT)in Japan, Code Division Multiple Access One (CDMAONE).2G: Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000), High Speed Circuit Switched Data Technology(HSCSD).2.5G: General Packet Radio System (GPRS), Enhanced Data Rate for GSMEvolution (EDGE).3G: Universal Mobile Telephone Standard (UMTS).1
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