假设语气 Microsoft Word 文档

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假设语气
{直述语气}Ifyouarefreepleasehelpmewithmyhomework{假设语气}IfIwerefreeIcouldhelpyouwithyourhomework事实与假设时态差一级。
一.假设法现在式(表示现在或未来之不确定的假设)If+主词+现在式动词…,主词+willshall+VR…。1.Ifitrainstomorrowwewillcancelthepicnic如果明天下雨的,我们将取消野餐。#Ithinkthatitwillraintomorrow(直述句)重点下列两句型中,可用假设法现在式
主词+动词(suggest建议demand要求insist坚持agree同意…)+that+假设法现在式。1.Isuggestthateveryoneshouldhelpinsomeway。我建议每个人应该用某种方式来帮忙.
#shall将要。Should应该,不管在什么时态都这样解释.这里的should表示责任义务,大家都知道,所以可以省略。
2.Iinsistthatsheshouldconsultthedoctor(看医生)Itis+形容词(necessaryimportant…)+that+假设法现在式1.Itisimportantthatsheshouldbehonest二.假设法过去式(表示与现在事实相反的假设)If+主词+{were,过去式动词,过去式助动词}
主词+{wouldcouldshouldmight}+原型动词…
假设法过去式,过去式动词只用were
1.IfIwereyoungIcouldenjoythisparty
事实是:As/becauseIamnotyoungIcantenjoythisparty2.如果我有很多钱,我就买一艘游艇。
IfIhadalotofmoneyIwouldbuyayacht
事实是:AsIdonthavealotofmoneyIwontbuyayacht
#IfIwereabirdlcouldflyIfIweremorebeautifulhewouldmarryme
三.假设法完成式(表示与过去事实相反的假设)
If+主词+had+pp,主词+wouldcouldshouldmight+have+pp1.IfIhadknownthegossipthenIwouldhavetoldyou
事实是:AsIdidntknowthegossipthenIwouldnttellyou2.如果那时我们的老师讲课时大声点,我们就不会打瞌睡。#dozedoffWewouldnothavedozedoffifourteacherhadspokenlouder
事实是:Asourteacherdidntspeakloudwedozedoff注意件子句中,除了if外,也可用supposesupposingsupposethatprovidingprovided可以
As(solongas只要怎么样,incase万一怎么样,unless除非。可以代替if但是unless通常不用于假设语气的子句中。
1.suppose(或supposingyouhadtenmilliondollarswhatwouldyouliketodofirst
#没有特别标出过去时间的话,视同与现在事实相反,就用过去式。
2.Iwillstayhereprovidingtheclimateagreeswithmetomorrow#Theclimateagreeswithme天气适合我
重点假设法过去式和假设法过去完成式混用

IfIhaddonemyhomeworkyesterdayIwouldgoonadatewithhernow事实是:AsIdidntdomyhomeworkyesterdayIdontgoonadatewithhernow约会goonadate若两子句的时间不同时,其时态各自为政。
没有if连接词,要有助动词来帮助他,达到假设语气所要表达的某一种概念,就可以怎么样,就能够怎么样,将怎么样……
四.假设法未来式
If+主词+should/wereto+VR…,主词+would+VR
这里的should不是应该的意思,有万一的意思。而Wereto有不可能的意思1.万一明天下雨的话,比赛将会延期。
Ifitshouldraintomorrowthegamewouldbeputoff(被延期)2.如果太平洋干枯的话,我就改变心意。
IfthePacificOceanweretodryupIwouldchangemymind
重点假设句中,也可将if省略,形成werehad/should…)+主词的顺序。1.如果我是一只鸟,我就能飞向你。
IfIwereabirdIcouldflytoyou
=WereIabirdIcouldflytoyou2.如果他知道真相,他会告诉你。
Ifhehadknownthetruthhewouldhavetoldyou=Hadheknowthetruthhewouldhavetoldyou3.万一下雨的话,我会待在家。
IfitshouldrainIwouldstayathome=ShoulditrainIwouldstayathome
其他假设法的表现
asif/asthough+s+假设法过去式,假设法过去完成式
1.Hetalksasif/asthoughhekneweverything他说得好像他知道一切。
2.Shelooksasif/asthoughshehadseenaghost她看起来好像她那时见到鬼了。
#她现在的样子好像她过去看见鬼了,实际上没有看见,与过去的事实相反,所以这里用过去完成式。
3.Helaughedasif/asthoughnotinghadhappened她那时笑得仿佛之前什生。
wish(希望但愿)+s+假设法过去式,假设法过去完成式
1.IwishIknewAnniescellularphonenumber
事实是:I’msorrythatIdontknowAnniescellularphonenumber2.IwishIhadntboughtsuchanexpensivedressthen事实是:I’msorryIboughtsuchanexpensivedressthen这里与过去事实相反用过去完成式。
Itstimeabouttimealmosttimehightime大约时间+that+s+假设法过去式

1.ItspastmidnightItstimethatthechildrenwenttobed
That+s+vthat后面的子句用假设法过去式
#Itstimeforthechildrentogotobed。不定词to接原型动词不需要假设语气。2.ItsabouttimeyouapologizedtoherforwhatyoudidWhat=thething+thatwhich关系代名词
该是你为你所做的事道歉的时候了。
#ItsabouttimeforyoutoapologizetoherforwhatyoudidIfonly(但愿)+主词+假设法过去式,假设法过去完成式1.Ifonlymytoothwouldstophurting!但愿我的牙齿不痛了。
2.IfonlyIhadtakenheradvice(忠告)#takeonesadvice采纳某人意见但愿那个时候我有接受他的忠告。
#注意ifonlyIwish在表现上意思差不多
(若没有…的话)Ifitwerenotfor假设法过去式
Ifithadnotbeenfor假设法过去完成式
1.Ifitwerenotformusichecouldntliveamoment
=wereitnotformusichecouldntliveamoment=withoutmusichecouldntliveamoment
=ButformusichecouldntliveamomentBut有但是的意思,要不是有音乐。2.要是那时没有塞车,我们就能及时赶上比赛。
Ifithadnotbeenforthetrafficjamwewouldhavebeenintimeforthegame=Haditnotbeenforthetrafficjamwewouldhavebeenintimeforthegame=withoutthetrafficjamwewouldhavebeenintimeforthegame=Butforthetrafficjamwewouldhavebeenintimeforthegame
代替If子句的用法a.不定词tov
1.Ifyouheardhimtalkyouwouldthinkheknewallaboutthesecret
=TohearhimtalkyouwouldthinkheknewallaboutthesecretIf连接词有连接两个主词两个动词
b.副词连接词/副词片语
1.IfIdidntknowhewasinnocent(无辜)Iwouldnttrytosavehim
=Iknowheisinnocentotherwise(否则)Iwouldnttrytosavehim#这句话假设语气表现在后面
2.Ifwehadnthiddenintheforesttheywouldhavefoundus=Wehidintheforestotherwisetheywouldhavefoundus假设语气是现在完成式,那么事实是过去式。事实与假设差一级。
3.Ifyouhadalittlepatienceyoucouldgetoveryourdifficulty(克服)=Withalittlepatienceyoucouldgetoveryourdifficulty
#beagoodpatient当个好病人(nbepatient有耐性点(adj
4.IfithadbeentenyearsagoIcouldhaverunaroundthislakewithinhalfanhour=TenyearsagoIcouldhaverunaroundthislakewithinhalfanhourWithin:在…里面,不出,在…内
C分词构句ving主动p.p被动
1.Thesamemanifhewerelivinginthiscenturywouldbeahero(同样的一个人)

=Thesamemanlivinginthiscenturywouldbeahero2.Ifyouwereseenfromadistanceyoumightlookhandsome=Seenfromadistanceyoumightlookhandsome
D做主词的名词
1.Ifhewereamanofsensehewouldnotsaysuchathing
=Amanofsensewouldntsaysuchathing
#amanofsense有知识的人。amanofability有能力的人。amanofpower有权力的人。过去式的be动词永远用were
2.IfhewereasecretagenthewouldnevertellyouhisrealnameAsecretagentwouldnevertellyouhisrealname#secretagent情报人员

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