英语形容词，名词，动词，副词 互变方法规律

英语形容词，名词，动词，副词 互变方法规律

一．名词变形容词：

1．名词后加-y, 如：

luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy; wind→windy; rain→rainy;

sun→sunny, snow→snowy noise-noisy health→healthy

2．在名词后加-ly, 如：

friend→friendly love→lovely day→daily

3．方位名词加-ern，如：

east→eastern west→western

south→southern north→northern

二．动词变形容词

1.词尾加ful:

use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful,

thank - thankful peace - peaceful,

forget - forgetful, play - playful,

succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful

2.词尾加d或ed:

please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited,

surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed,

wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed,

appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated,

interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used,

frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled,

pollute - polluted

3.词尾加ing:

interest - interesting,

surprise - surprising,

excite - exciting

develop - developing,

frighten - frightening,

thrill - thyrilling

frustrate - frustrating,

relax _ relaxing,

live - living

rock - rocking,

sleep - sleeping

4.词尾变y为i,加ed:

worry - worried, marry - married,fry - fried, terrify - terrified satisfy - satisfied

5.词尾加able:

know - knowledgeable, enjoy - enjoyabe,suit - suitable，adjust - adjustable, comfort - comfortable

6.其它：

lose - lost, fool - foolish, live - lively

sleep - sleepy / sleeping / asleep,wake - awake, taste - tasty

speak - spoken, break - broken, die - dead, educate - aducational,

world - worldwide

三．形容词变副词规律小结

例词

1.大部分形容词加ly

careless----carelessly

quiet----quietly

different----differently

2.以le结尾的形容词变le为ly

possible----possibly

terrible----terribly

comfortable----comfortably

gentle----gently

simple----simply

3.以y结尾的形容词

变y为ily

easy----easily

angry----angrily

noisy----noisily

happy----happily

heavy----heavily

healthy----healthily

不规则变化

本身既是形容词也是副词，无需改变

fast----fast

early----early

high----high

hard----hard

late----late

far----far

wide----wide

alone----alone

形容词和副词为完全不同的单词

good----well

需要去掉字母e的单词

true----truly

gentle----gently

terrible----terribly

虽然以ly结尾，但却是形容词，不能直接用来修饰动词

friendly

lively

lovely

lonely

Likely

有些形容词本身即为副词，同时也有加ly的副词形式。但加不加ly意思不一样，使用时需注意

wide(形容词，宽阔的，睁大的)----wide(副词，睁大地)/widely(副词，广泛地),

late(形容词，晚的)-----late(副词，晚地)，lately（最近）

high(形容词，高的)----high(副词，高地)/highly(副词，高度地)

特别容易犯错的副词

形容词-----副词

备注

hard副词容易写成hardly, hardly意思为“几乎不”，与hard无任何关系

friendly

不能用friendly直接修饰动词，只能改成in a friendly way“用一种友好的方式”。如：

He smiled at me in a friendly way.

Excited------excitedly

容易拼错

Healthy-----healthily

容易拼错

Polite-------politely

不用去掉字母e。类似的词还有：widely, nicely, closely,

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