Reference books:
《商务英语言语修辞艺术》李太志 著，国防工业出版社
《商贸汉英翻译评论》 刘法公 著，外语教学与研究出版社
《非文学翻译理论与实践》李长栓 编著，中国对外翻译出版公司
《工商企业翻译实务》许建忠 编著，中国对外翻译出版公司
《汉英-英汉经贸口译教程》胡修浩 编著，上海财经大学出版社
Lecture One Fundamentals of Translation
1．International business is business conducted in more than one country, including buying and selling goods and services.
国际商务是在两国或更多的国家之间进行的商务活动，包括买卖货物和服务。
2．I was 54 years old. I had already accomplished a great deal. I was financially secure. I could afford to play golf for the rest of my life.
译一: 我54岁了。我已经取得了很大的成就。我在财务上很有保障。我在余下的生命里可 以玩得起高尔夫球。
译二: 我那年54岁，已是功成名就、吃穿不愁，满可以打打高尔夫球以度余年。
Lecture Two
1. The use of interpreters slows substantially the pace of negotiations.
译一: 译员的使用减慢大大谈判的进度。
译二: 使用译员会大大减慢谈判进度
2. The UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflicts on the basis of Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israel's right to exist.
联合国文件呼吁以色列撤出所占土地，阿拉伯承认以色列的生存权，在此基础上解决中东冲突。
3. They believe that the normalization of relations between the two countries is not only in the interest of the Chinese and American peoples but also contributes to the relaxation of tension in Asia and the world.
双方相信，两国关系正常化不仅符合中美两国人民的利益，也有助于缓和亚洲及世界紧张局势。
4. From $6.1 billion in 1981, the U.S. deficit with Asia's four tigers last year reached $37 billion, or 22% of the total U.S. trade deficit.
美国与亚洲四小虎的贸易逆差在1981年为61亿美元，去年却高达370亿美元，占美国贸易逆差总量的22%。
5. Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily, only the question of currency in L/C remains to be considered.
大部分问题已圆满解决，只剩下信用证使用的币种问题有待讨论。
6. Machinery for the just settlement of international differences must be founded.
必须建立公正解决国际分歧的机构。
7. Egypt has entered the league of the most promising emerging markets.
埃及已经成为最具前途的新兴市场之一。
8. Between sessions of the Contracting Parties, the Council of Representatives is authorized to act on both routine and urgent matters.
缔约方大会休会期间，由代表理事会全权处理日常及紧急事务。
9. Their basic fear is of the slack up of protectionism, and above all, American capital outflow which to them means job outflows.
他们最害怕的是放松贸易保护主义的做法，尤其害怕美国资本外流，因为对他们来说，这等于工作机会外流。
10. The problems were particularly acute in the company's top ten major metro sales markets, where it had been five years since the company had received local media support.
在该公司的十大城市销售市场上，问题尤其严重，因为当地的新闻媒体已经五年没有为该公司做宣传了。
Lecture Three
1. Sino-British links have multiplied -- political, commercial, educational, cultural, defense, science and technology.
中英两国在政治、商业、教育、文化、国防和科技等领域的交往成倍地增加。
2. He comes with a rough mandate to cool inflation, cut back Big Government and stand up to the Russian, with no clear consensus as to how.
他肩负着降低通货膨胀、精简庞大的政府机构和迎接俄国人的挑战等艰巨的使命，然而，至于怎样完成这些使命，大家的看法却不一致。
3. It was only when Sadat introduced his “Open Policy” (enshrined in the famous Law of 1974) that the climate began to change.
直到萨达特实行了“开放政策”（这项政策被郑重地写进著名的“1974年法律”中），投资环境才开始改变。
4. Often, however, tariffs are protective and are designed to carry out a particular economic policy.
然而，关税经常具有保护性质，并且被用来贯彻具体的经济政策。
5. We will negotiate for peace, sacrifice for it; we ill not surrender for it -- now or ever.
我们将为和平而谈判，为和平作出让步；但我们决不会为和平而投降，现在不会，将来也永远不会。
6. We assure you of our prompt attention to this matter.
我方（…）保证（…）立即处理此事。
7. However, such change is not easy and can be accomplished only when leaders of both sides have no illusions, talk candor, and meet differences head-on.
然而，要实现这种改变并非轻而易举，只有（…）双方领导人不抱幻想、开诚布公、正视分歧，才能做到这一点。
8. The Seller guarantees that the goods supplied under the present contract are currently manufactured in the Seller's country, the quality and performances of the contracted goods are in conformity with the current technical specifications laid down by the ABC Industries Corporation.
卖方保证本合同所供货物均系卖方所在国新近生产，其（…）质量及各项性能均符合ABC工业公司（…）现行技术规定。
9. It was a hope which reflected the conviction expressed some years earlier by the then British Prime Minister.
译一：这是一个反映了若干年前当时在任的英国首相表达过的信念的希望。
译二：这个希望反映了当时的英国首相在几年前表达过的信念。
Lecture Four
1. Saddam can not single-handedly cause shortages and gasoline lines.
萨达姆一个人不可能造成石油短缺，使加油站前排起长队。
2. In April, there was the "ping" heard around the world. In July, the ping "panged".
四月，全世界听到中国“乒”的一声把球打了过去，到了七月，美国“乓”的一声又把球打了回来。
3. Joint ventures, in a number of cases, don't work out because the "people" relationships become unglued and/or the business can't be made profitable.
在不少情况下，合资企业之所以不成功，不是因为“人际”关系不和，就是因为企业不盈利，或是两者兼而有之。
4. The pay hikes promised by the Left could price French products out of European markets.
左派做出的提高工资的许诺会使法国产品价格过高，从而失去欧洲市场。
5. The car is due for a new name before American introduction.
这种汽车在向美国出口之前，必须起一个新名字。
6. While recognizing that China alone must determine its fate, I urge China to open itself to the rich rewards of full participation in the community of trading nations.
我固然懂得，中国的命运必须由她自己来决定，但我仍然敦促中国全面加入到世界贸易共同体中来，此举必将给它带来丰厚的回报。
7. The Secretary-General has received the following communication which is circulated in accordance with Economic and Social Council resolution 1296 (XLIV).
秘书长已收到以下来函，现按经济及社会理事会第1296（XLIV）号决议予以散发。
8. It is right here, at Geneva, whose very name evokes peace, the will to peace, cooperation among nations, that after long years of discussion, the negotiations were completed which had started on March 24, 1984 at Havana on the necessity of creating as part of the United Nations system a body responsible for regulating international trade.
日内瓦是一个唤起和平、唤起各国和平意愿与合作的地方。正是在此地，1984年3月24日在哈瓦那发起的旷日持久的谈判终于完成了。这次谈判的主题是，是否有必要在联合国系统内建立一个负责监管国际贸易的机构。
25. He wrote in his syndicated column that an unchecked Saddam would be able to "cause a worldwide economic crisis."
他在那篇多家报纸同时发表的专栏文章里写道，对萨达姆若不加遏制，他会“制造一场波及全球的经济危机”。
Lecture Five
1. Japan’s exports are expected to exceed her imports by about 14 to 15 billion dollars this year, making one of only a handful of major industrial countries whose trade will be in black.
今年，日本的出超预计达到140至150亿美元左右，这将使它成为屈指可数的有贸易顺差的主要工业国家之一。
2. He has passed fifty winters.
译一：他已经五十岁了。
译二：他已经度过了五十个春秋 。
3. If the greenhouse theory is correct, the earth's temperature will rise until the amount of radiation emitted from the planet is equal to the solar energy it absorbs.
如果温室效应理论成立，那么，地球的温度将会不断升高，直到其辐射的热量与它所吸收的太阳能量相等为止。
4. Before the war, your President and Mrs. Roosevelt came here on a vacation.
译一：战前，你们的总统和罗斯福夫人来这里度过假。
译二：战前，你们的罗斯福总统偕夫人来这儿度过假。
5. It's nothing than take honest men's bread out of their mouth.
译一：这就像抢老实人嘴里的面包一样。
译二：这简直是在抢老实人的饭碗。
6. China's vast size and resources, her extraordinary economic progress over recent years, have made her an increasingly important player in the modern international economy.
中国地大物博，近年来经济发展速度惊人，已经成为当代国际经济中一支日益重要的力量。
7. Our instruments are the product of the finest materials and the highest craftsmanship and are second to none in design and durability.
本公司生产的仪器原料上乘、工艺精良、美观耐用、无以伦比。
8. For Madeline Henry, clearly, these were all happenings in the land of Oz.
译一：对梅德琳·亨利来说，这一切显然都是发生在《西游记》里的事。
译二：对梅德琳·亨利来说，这一切显然都是发生在童话世界里的事。（原译：《绿野仙踪》）
Lecture Six terminology translation
Conventional:
1. Historic figures and sinologists:
John Leighton Stuart（former US ambassador to China)司徒雷登，not约翰·莱顿·斯图尔特
Adam Smith （author of Wealth of Nations）
亚当斯密，not 亚当·史密斯
Joseph Needham（British science historian）
李约瑟，not 约瑟夫·尼达姆
2. Places:
San Francisco 旧金山，not 圣弗朗西斯科
Mt. Everest 珠穆朗玛峰，not 埃佛勒斯山
3. Names that may have two Chinese versions:
Cambridge 剑桥（UK）
坎布里奇（USA）
Sidney 西德尼（male）
西德妮（female）
4. Names of persons with modifiers: transliteration + literal translation
James Baker III 詹姆斯·贝克第三
Henry V 亨利五世
Kurt Vonnegut Jr. 小库尔特·冯尼格
5. Names translated literally:
Oxford 牛津
Little Rock City 小石城
Iceland 冰岛
Translating names of organizations
1. Translating national and international organizations:
- useful tools:
《各国国家机构手册》（中国对外翻译出版公司出版）, 《国际组织手册》（中国对外翻译出版公司出版）
Note: attaching the original in brackets after the Chinese version.
2. Translating abbreviations:
- full translation
WHO （ World Health Organization）世界卫生组织
- abbreviated
ASEAN （Association of Southeast Asian Nations）
东盟（东南亚国家联盟）
WTO （World Trade Organization）
世贸组织（世界贸易组织）
- transliteration
OPEC （Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries） 欧佩克（石油输出国组织）
Translating names of enterprises
1. Literal translation – names composed of general words:
General Motors Corporation 通用汽车公司
Sun Microsystems 太阳微系统公司
2. Transliteration + literal translation:
Bell Telephone Co. 贝尔电话设备制造公司
Sears Home Service 西尔斯家庭服务公司
3. Transliteration, sometimes with implications:
Hewlett-Packard Company 惠普公司
Proctor & Gamble Co. 宝洁公司
4. Transliteration with explanation:
Squibb Co. 施贵宝制药公司
Merrill Lynch Co. 美林财务管理公司
5. Adoption:
IBM（International Business Machines Co. ，
国际商务机器公司）
AT&T（American Telephone & Telegraph Company， 美国电话电报公司）
Yahoo（雅虎） Google（谷歌） Amazon （亚马逊网上书店）
Translating titles
1. Names of newspapers & magazines
Fortune 《财富》
Wall Street Journal 《华尔街日报》
2. Titles of books and articles
See also Lecture Six “Translating journals”
3. Titles of persons/positions -- conventional
CEO 首席执行官
CFO 首席财务官/财务总监
VP （Vice-president) 副总裁（主管某部门、业务）
managing director 总经理/执行董事
Translating neologism
1. Transliteration:
quark 夸克（带电核粒子）
clone 克隆（无性繁殖技术）
2. Literal translation:
eyebank 眼库
advertistics（advertising + statistics） 广告统计
showbiz （show business） 娱乐业
hi-tech （high technology） 高科技
CAD （computer-aided design） 计算机辅助设计
FAS （free alongside ship） 启运地船边交货
3. Adoption:
MTV，iPod，Windows XP, etc
Lecture Seven Translating business correspondences
Warming-up Exercises:
1.We have excellent connections in the trade and are fully experienced with the import business for this type of product.
2.Would you please approach the said bank for all possible information we require?
3.We offer you firm 1000 colour TV sets, subject to your reply reaching us before March 10.
Contents:
1. We are staging an important private exhibition accompanied by a series of technical lectures for our home and overseas customers at the National Exhibition Center on May 16th, 17th and 18th.
…
I hope you will be able to accept this invitation and if you would kindly indicate the time of your arrival, I will arrange for you to be met.
兹定于5月16、17、18日在国家展览中心为海内外客户隆重举行内部展览，届时还将举办一系列技术讲座。
敬请光临并赐告抵达时间，以便派专人恭候。
2. Dear Sirs, (1)
We write to introduce ourselves as one of the leading exporters of a wide range of Electric Goods from Canada. (2)
We attach a list of products we are regularly exporting and trust some of these items will be of interest to you. (3)We would be interested in receiving your inquiries for all types of electric goods, against which we will send you our quotation.
We look forward to hearing from you soon.(4)
敬启者：
现具函自我介绍。本公司系加拿大主要电气用品出口商，经营品种广泛。随函奉寄本公司常年出口商品目录一份，敬请参阅。欢迎来函询问各类电气产品价格，我方将按贵公司询单报价。盼即复。
3. (1)We are very interested in working with you on this project.
我方十分乐意与贵方就该项目进行合作。
(2) We would be interested in receiving your inquiries for all types of electric goods.
欢迎来函询问各类电气产品价格。
(3)We will notify you of our areas of interest.
我方将告知拟购商品（或合作意向）。
(4) closed for your interest our new brochure.
随信附上本公司新产品目录，以供参阅。
4. …
As per our previous directions please ship goods through liner with Master B/L Only on C.I.F. Nhava Sheva Terms. No House B/L or Third Party i.e. any Logistic Firms or Consolidators Not Permissible as they charge Endorsement / Consolidation charges over to Normal Charges as applicable in India. In such cases if any additional charges above to normal are incurred the same will be to your account. Applicable to all our future shipments.
请按我方要求以那瓦夏瓦港到岸价将货物装直达船出运；必须由船运公司直接签发提单。我方不接受货代提单或由其他第三方如物流公司和拼货公司签发的提单，因为此类公司收取高于印度正常标准的理货和拼货费用。若发生上述一切额外费用，均由贵公司负担。今后发货亦须照此办理。
Lecture Eight Dissimilarities between the Syntax of English and Chinese
1. China’s Long March to Geneva had taken over 15 years since its original application to become a contracting party to the GATT 1947, the multinational trade pact which served as the predecessor treaty to today’s GATT 95 and related agreements, whose implementation and enforcement are now overseen by the secretariat of the global trade body called the WTO.
中国走向日内瓦的长征从最初申请成为1947年关贸总协定缔约方起，前后用了15年的时间。这项多边贸易条约是现在的1995年关贸总协定及相关协议的前身。如今，1995年关贸总协定由一个叫做世界贸易组织的全球贸易团体的秘书处监督实施。
2. From today’s newspaper I have learned with much delight that you were recently appointed CEO. I would like to add my congratulation to the many you must be receiving on your promotion.
欣悉（阁下）荣升首席执行官，谨表祝贺。
3. The Parties, adhering to the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through friendly consultation, desire to exert all their effort in cooperationg with each other and agree to jointly invest to set up a joint venture enterprise in Zhuzhou, the P.R. China for the purpose of expanding international economic cooperation and technological exchange on a mutually beneficial and profitable basis.
双方本着平等互利原则通过友好协商，愿尽全力相互合作，共同投资，在中华人民共和国株州市建立合资经营企业，在互惠互利的基础上，扩展国际经济合作和技术交流。
4. Case acceptance fees and other costs of action chargeable as against an assisted person pursuant to the assignation of resoponsibility in a case settled through mediation or concluded through adjudication by the people’s court shall at the discretion of the court be waived in part or in whole where payment would clearly create difficulty for the assisted person.
经人民法院调解结案或判决结案的案件，根据案情责任应当由受援方承担的受理费和其他诉讼费用，受援人缴纳确有困难的，人民法院应当酌情减、免。
Lecture Nine
1. 把我们的事业全面推向二十一世纪，就是要抓住机遇而不可丧失机遇，开拓进取而不可因循守旧，围绕经济建设这个中心，经济体制改革要有新的突破，政治体制改革要继续深入，精神文明建设要切实加强，各个方面相互配合，实现经济发展和社会全面进步。十五大报告
To advance our cause into the 21st century in an all-round way requires us to seize opportunities without fail, and blaze new trails instead of following the beaten track. Taking economic development as our central task, we should make new breakthroughs in economic restructuring, deepen political restructuring and develop socialist culture and ethics in real earnest. These aspects of work should be handled in tandem with a view to bringing about economic development and all-round social progress.
Lecture Ten Translating speeches
1. I am delighted to be with you. I first visited China 22 years ago, but this is my first visit to your university, in a city whose students have helped shape the development of modern China. So I am privileged to have the opportunity to share ideas about US-China relations in the modern era of globalization with you.
我非常高兴与诸位见面。我在22年前曾访问过中国，但这是我第一次访问贵校。这座城市的学生在建设现代中国的进程中做出过贡献。所以，能够有机会与诸位就当今全球化时代的美中关系交换意见，我深感荣幸。
2. China has much to show the world about the value of economic openness, of conditions favorable to foreign investment, tariff reduction, and increased reliance on market discipline. Therefore, I hope China will be active in the global negotiations in persuading countries that have resisted reforms to follow this proven path to economic development.
译一：
中国可以向世界充分展示开放经济、为外资提供优惠条件、降低关税和加强市场行为规范的优越性。因此，我希望中国在全球谈判中积极劝说拒绝改革的国家走上这条可行的经济发展之路。
译二：
中国有许多可以向世界展示的宝贵经验：
开放经济、优待外资、降低关税、遵守市场规则。
因此，我希望中国积极参加全球谈判中,劝说拒绝改革的国家走上这条可行的经济发展之路。
3. I am taking the floor on behalf of the European Union.
The Central and Eastern European countries associated with the European Union – Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia – and the associated countries Cyprus, Malta and Turkey wish to align themselves with this statement.
The European Union reaffirms the great importance it attaches to addressing the social dimension of globalization and confirms its strong support for reinforcing the International Labor Office’s role in this context. 欧盟重申，它十分重视全球化的社会问题，并且坚决支持国际劳工局加强在这方面的作用
4. The Central and Eastern European countries associated with the European Union – Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia – and the associated countries Cyprus, Malta and Turkey wish to align themselves with this statement.
欧盟的中欧与东欧准成员国——保加利亚、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、波兰、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚以及联系国塞浦路斯、马尔他和土耳其均对本声明表示附议。
Lecture Eleven
1. In 1914, in U.S. v. Lexington Mill and Elevator Company, the Supreme Court issues its first ruling on food additives. It ruled that in order for bleached flour with nitrite residues to be banned from foods, the government must show a relationship between the chemical additive and the harm it allegedly caused in humans. The court also noted that the mere presence of such an ingredient was not sufficient to render the food illegal.
1914年，在美国诉莱克星顿面粉加工厂和电梯公司一案中，最高法院第一次就食品添加剂问题作出裁决。最高法院认为，如果要禁止将残留亚硝酸盐的漂白面粉作为食品使用，政府必须证明亚硝酸盐这种化学添加剂和政府所指控的人身伤害之间存在某种关系。最高法院还认为，仅靠面粉中存在亚硝酸盐这一事实不足以认定该面粉非法。
2. The EU considers China as a non-market economy (NME) country or “state-trading” country, therefore, different standards are applied to China on the normal value and the export price side, the main parameters in deciding whether or not a product is dumped.
3. The United States will work for a just and secure peace; just, because it fulfills the aspirations of peoples and nations for freedom and progress; secure, because it removes the danger of foreign aggression. --Joint Communiqué of the People’s Republic of China and the United States of America Issued in Shanghai, February 28,1972
4. What should we estimate, why and how often?
• 我们应当估算什么，为什么进行估算，及多久估算一次？
• 估算的内容、原因和方式是什么？
5. China’s laws are consistent with WTO standards but China’s antidumping practice thus far is not.
6. China, as a great power, should fear neither alignment nor non-alignment.
7. We must grasp opportunities; the present offers an excellent one. The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they will slip through our fingers as time speeds by.
8. Congress enacted the Sherley Amendment to overcome the ruling in U.S. v. Johnson. It prohibits labeling medicines with false therapeutic claims intended to defraud the purchaser, a standard difficult to prove.
9. Our country’s economic development is sound, and the prospects are getting better year by year. The people are pleased about that, and the whole world has recognized it.
我们国家的经济搞得不错，光景一年比一年好。人民是满意的，全世界是公认的。
10. Last year, the Central Committee adopted a decision on reform of the economic structure. The whole world is now commenting on that decision and thinks that is a bold invention by the Chinese Communist Party.
去年，中央作了经济体制改革的决定。全世界都在评论，认为这是中国共产党的勇敢的创举。
11. The 1945 Penicillin Amendment requires FDA testing and certification of safety and effectiveness of all penicillin products. Later amendments extended this requirement to all antibiotics. In 1983 such control was found no longer needed and was abolished.
• 译一：1945年的《…》要求FDA对所有盘尼西林产品的安全性和有效性进行检测和认证。随后的修正案把这一要求扩大到所有抗生素。1983年，国会认定这样的控制已没有必要，于是取消了这样的控制。
• 译二： …随后的修正案把检测和认证扩大到所有抗生素。1983年，国会认定检测和认证已没有必要，于是取消了检测和认证。
12. The African countries should take advantage of this favorable peaceful environment to develop. They should work out strategies and policies for development in accordance with actual situations in each country, and they should unite to promote economic development.
• 译一：非洲国家应当利用这一有利的和平环境来发展。它们不仅应当根据各国的实际情况制定发展战略和政策，还应当团结起来去促进经济发展。
• 译二：非洲国家要利用这一有利的和平国际环境来发展自己。要根据本国的条件制定发展策略与政策，搞好民族团结，通过全体人民的共同努力，使经济得到发展。
13. 依法加强采供血机构建设，健全采供血机构网络；节约血液资源，做到合理、科学用血。
• Version 1: In accordance with law, we need to strengthen the construction of institutions of blood collection and supply and perfect sound related institutional network. And we also need to save blood resources with a view to reasonable and scientific using of blood.
• Version 2: Strengthen institutional capacity of blood collection and distribution by creating a complete and up-to-standard network in accordance with law; and conserve blood resources by using blood rationally and scientifically.
14. P99- Ex. One -1.
如今，“蓝领”、“白领”和“粉领”员工多达四千七百万人，他们文化程度越来越高，技术越来越熟练，但大多仍处在被管理者地位；相反，他们的同龄人中，还有一千万人正扮演着管理者的角色，包括各类主管、经理和专业技术人员。他们要顺利完成所辖的工作，或多或少地都要借助自己的管理才能。
15. Version 1: 英国航空公司、德国汉莎航空公司、荷兰航空公司等一些民航企业均设有公关营销部门，以利用这一信息来建立计划成员的详细分布图。
Version 2: 为建立计划成员的详细档案，英国航空公司、德国汉莎航空公司、荷兰航空公司等多家民航企业均设有公关营销部门，负责采集和利用有关信息。
Lecture Twelve Transformation of Coherence in Translation from English to Chinese
1. 但事实上，在法律保护妇女、社会尊重妇女、男女平等的今天，男女不平等的现象依然或多或少地存在着。这是“男尊女卑”、女性依附男性的历史留下的“后遗症”。
Although in principle women are protected by law, respected in society, and enjoy equal rights with men, instances of inequality do exist. This is a legacy of our history where women were considered inferior or subordiate to men.
2. Please outline the measures, both legislative and practical, preventing entities and individuals from recruiting, collecting of funds or soliciting other forms of support for terrorist activities to be carried out inside or outside the U.S., including in particular:
请概述美国已采取哪些立法和实际措施，防止任何组织和个人为在美国境内或境外开展恐怖活动而招募成员、筹集资金或争取其它形式的支持，尤其是——
-- the carrying out, within or from the U.S., of recruiting, collecting of funds and soliciting of other forms of support from other countries; and
Version 1-- 在美国境内或从美国境内招募人员、募集资金和向其它国家争取其它形式的支持；以及
Version 2-- 在美国境内招募人员、募集资金和争取其它形式的支持；或以美国为基地，从其它国家招募人员、募集资金和争取其它形式的支持。
Critical thinking:
⏹ Critical thinking may shed light on the facts behind the text.
⏹ May help reveal the intention of the author.
⏹ May help find ambiguities and clarify them.
⏹ May help make the logical relations more explicit.
Lecture Thirteen
Ex. 15
多年来，风格一贯稳重的沃尔特· 迪斯尼公司一直使用的是毫无特色可言的外景摄影棚，最近才把一系列影片和房地产项目的庆祝活动安排到了新落成的设施内。这座伯班克式的新设施由该公司请来的设计师麦克尔·格雷夫斯设计建造，气势张扬，希腊式的三角墙上，还有七个小矮人嬉戏的图形。
Case one
“蓝天”牌台灯 – Blue Sky Lamp
Blue Bird—“蓝鸟”轿车
vs.中国 “红旗”轿车
Case two
“999”（三九）制药
“金六福” 酒
vs. 666 in the Bible
“7－Up”beverage
“Hidy”computer
Case three
著名药品企业沈阳飞龙 – not “Flying Dragon”, But “Pharon”, in which “phar-” comes from “pharmaceutical”, while “-on” is commonly used in names of medicines.
Case four
彩虹集团— not “Rainbow” Group
But “Irico”, from “Irix+Corporation”.
“青岛牌”电视机 – “海信”(Hisense) from
“High+Sense”
著名的洗发水品牌 “Head & shoulders”
Choice one:音译为“海的秀德”或“海伦仙度飞丝”
Choice two：“海飞丝”
Case five
Johnson— (1)as a brand of infant cosmetic;
“强生”
(2)as that of furniture nursing products.
“庄臣”
Similarly，
Dove—(1)“德芙”巧克力
(2)“多芬”香皂
Case six
“康佳集团” not “healthy and fine”, But “Kanka”
“科龙电器公司” into “Kelon”
“正泰集团” not “Zhengtai” but “Chint”
Case seven
“陕西彩虹集团” –Irico
“新飞集团” – Frestech
“中国联通” – Unicom
Case eight
“小霸王电子科技有限公司” – Subor
“台湾宏基集团” –Acer
Case nine
“北京王府饭店”–ThePeninsula Palace Beijing
“杭州西泠电器集团” – serene
Case ten
1. A Mars a day keeps you work, rest and play.（Chocolate）
每天一块玛斯巧克力，给你无限精力。
2. Unlike me, my Rolex never needs a rest.（Watch）
我休息，但我的劳力士从不休息。
3. More sun and air for your son and heir.（Beach）
新鲜空气和阳光，有利孩子的健康。
4. A business in millions, a profit in pennies.（Retail shop）
百万生意，毫厘利润。
5. Fresh up with Seven-up.（Beverage）
喝了七喜，心旷神怡。
6. The Globe brings you the world in a single copy.（Travel magazine）
一册在手，纵览《全球》。
7. My goodness! My Guinness! (Beer)
此酒只应天上有。
8. Get wiser before you get older. (Insurance)
未雨绸缪保平安。
Case eleven
1. Our company is one of the leading innovators in the motion control industry. We are your complete motion sources, offering both individual components and integrated solutions. For innovation, service, and superior value, we are second to none.
本公司在传动控制业中名列前茅，从配件到整套设备，产品种类齐全，善于创新，服务一流，价值超群，世所无匹。
2. Ugly Is Only Skin-deep (abridged)
译一：美丑只在表面 -- literal translation
译二：情人眼里出西施 -- substitution
译三：车不可貌相 -- creative rewriting
译四：……
It may not be much to look at. But beneath that humble exterior beats an air-cooled engine. It won’t boil over and ruin your piston rings. It won’t freeze over and ruin your life. After a while you get to like so much about the VW, you even get to like what it looks like.
它或许不怎么中看，但在它不起眼的外表下，跳动着一部气冷式引擎。它不会热力四射，烧了活塞垫，也不会冷若冰霜，毁了你的生活。
你只要爱上“大众”，不久便会爱上它的容貌。
3. 《全球杂志》： 一册在手，总览全球。
Version 1: With a single copy of The World in hand, you can enjoy a wide view of the world.
Version 2: With a copy of The World in your hand, the world unfolds before you so grand.
4. Red hot fashion at Ravel Sizzling styles
All these and many, many more.
In a riot of colors, plain or what you fancy.
You want it.
We’ve got it
Ravel. Who else?
拉维尔火爆时尚，咝咝发烫的新潮款式。
所有这些以及许许多多，色彩缤纷的简简单单的，应有尽有，包您满意，您想得到它，我们拥有它，除了拉维尔，还会有谁？（拉维尔鞋）
5. All men are created equal.
Not all cars are created equal.
古有千里马，今有三菱车。
6. Specimen Letter 6 A sales letter
Dear Sirs
Subject: Our new electronic toy, Smart Choice
What kind of toys do children like? Our survey shows that they like toys with which they can interact. What kind of toys do parents like to buy for their children?
They like to buy toys that inspire their children’s creativity and enrich their imagination. We believe we have developed just the right product that will appeal to both children and their parents. It is an electronic toy, Smart Choice.
Smart Choice has two types: Type I is designed for girls aging from 3 to 12; Type II for boys of the same ages.
Smart Choice is different from other electronic toys as follows:
1.It has emotions and is fun to play with.
It can cry and laugh, not just make noise like other toys. You can make it look happy, angry and tired by switching the button.
2.It can speak so it is intelligent.
Smart Choice can speak any language by changing the chip. It also listens. You can even program Smart Choice yourself to speak in different situations.
3.It uses new safe material.
Using specially treated material, Smart Choice is safe for children to play with. It is also flexible enough to make the movements and gestures.
4.It uses solar energy.
Smart Choice does not need batteries therefore is environmentally clean.
In short, Smart choice is a genuine breakthrough in technology.
There is nothing like that on the market and nothing can touch it. It will become your children’s good companion.
……
References:
1. 蒋磊，英汉文化差异与广告的语用翻译，中国翻译，2002. （3）71-73.
2. 李克兴，论广告翻译的策略，中国科技翻译，2004. （6）64-69.
3. 李蓂，国内广告翻译研究一览，中国科技翻译，2005. （2）37-41.
4. 杨全红，译者,绎也—试探国际广告的非常规翻译法， 2000. （1）16-19.
Ex. 1-2
• Only your time is more precious”than this watch”(手表广告)
• “手表诚可贵,时间价更高”
• “今日的风采,昨夜的绿世界”(“绿世界”化妆品广告)
• “Give me Green World, Or give me yesterday”
Ex. 3
A Mars a day keeps you work, rest and play.
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
一天一块马斯巧克力，让你愉快工作和休息。
Ex. 4
Spoil yourself and not your figure.— Weight-Watcher ice cream
尽情大吃，不增体重。
饱口福而不发福。
A deal with us means a good deal to you.
和我们做买卖意味着您做了一笔好买卖。
同我们做买卖，都是回报丰厚的好买卖。
Ex. 5
Ask for More. – 摩尔香烟广告
摩尔香烟，我更满意。Or 再来一支，还吸摩尔。
摩尔香烟，多而不厌。
Ex.6
Trust us for life – American International Insurance
财务稳健，信守一生。
Live with focus. – Ford Focus Car
生活有“焦点”，才是真享受。
Focus on life. – Olympus Camera
人生难忘片段，永留印记。
Ex. 7
DHL worldwide express:
The pulse of Business.
“商业命脉，随我而动。”
“敦豪快递：感受企业脉搏。”
NEC: Empowered by Innovation.
创新科技，随你而动。
锐意进取，开拓创新。
Ex. 8
The way ahead. —KCRC九广铁路
九铁动力，拓新领域。
It’s all within your touch. – AT&T电讯
联络世界，触及未来。
We race, you win. – Ford Car
以实战经验，令你一路领先。
Ex. 9
Wherever you are. Whatever you do. The Allianz Group is always on your side.
安联集团，永远站在你身边。
Ex. 10
The driver is safer when the road is dry;
The road is safer when the driver is dry.
Hi-fi, Hi-fun,Hi-fashion, only for Sony.
索尼音响—高保真、高享受、高时尚。
Coke refreshes you like no other can.
没有别的罐装饮料能够像罐装可乐那样令您神清气爽。
Ex. 11
All is well that ends well. – cigarette ad.
烟蒂好，烟就好。
越抽越有味儿。Or 抽到最后，烟味十足。
Come to where the flavor is.
Come to Marlboro County.— Marlboro
光临风韵之境！万宝路世界。
万宝路香烟：追寻牛仔风度—西部潇洒走一回。
Misinterpretations:
本品可即购即食，食用方便。
Opening and eating immediately.
Vs. always ready to serve
金丝小枣
Golden Silk Small Dates
We take no pride in prejudice. –Thames
对于您的偏见，我们没有傲慢。
对于有失偏颇的报道，我们并不引以为豪。
轻身减肥片 obesity-reducing tablets
obese people
slimming pills
“大鹏”卷笔刀 ROC shapeners
Ex. 12 Passage translation – Inspiration is the number one cause of greatness.
If information is power, then inspiration must be the power of our potential. The power that moves us from the systematic to the spontaneous. From ideas to results. At Compaq we believe technology is no longer simply a tool for information. It’s a tool for inspiration. Redefining access. From set time to any time. From one place to a million places.
With the touch of a button, we no longer fire-up just our computers, but our imaginations. We’er moving beyond the limitations of Information Technology to a new technology. Welcome to the new IT. Inspiration Technology from Compaq.
灵感—伟大成就之源
如果信息是力量，灵感便是一股使我们从按部就班到挥洒自如、从平淡无奇到不可思议、从构思意念到取得成果的潜能。 康柏相信，科技不再只是简单的信息工具，而是启发灵感的魔力。科技把“联系”一词重新定义：不再有时空的界限。
科技提供了新的工作方法，新的合作模式。触动按钮，我们启动的不再只是计算机，还有无穷的想象力。现在，我们终于超越了信息科技的限制，迈进全新科技境界。激发灵感的科技—康柏Inspriation Technology，欢迎进入新的IT世界。
Ex. 13
Even the most beautiful body can get lost under the wrong pair of jeans.That’s why it’s important to wear jeans that let you look your best,jeans that make the most of what you’ve got.Like our Relaxed Riders。When we make Relaxed Riders,we cut our material on a curve to conform to the natural contours of your body.So where your proportions change,the proportions of your Lee’s Relaxed Riders Jeans change too.
If you’ve been thinking that something is wrong with you just because your jeans don’t fit, try Relaxed Riders.You’ll see it’s not a better body you need. It’s better jeans.
译文:
你身材美妙,但不合体的牛仔裤会使美的身材黯然失色。李氏休闲牛仔裤剪裁得体,自然流畅,随身所欲,调整体形。好牛仔赛过好身材。
Lecture Fourteen Translating legal documents
1. The Licensee will,
At the request of the Licensor and at the Licensor’s expense,
Give full cooperation to the Licensor
In any action or claim brought or threatened to be brought
In respect of the Licensed Trademarks,
Including joining in as a party to any proceedings.
④The Licensee will, 被许可方将
③At the request of the Licensor and at the Licensor’s expense, 应许可方要求并由许可方支付费用
⑤Give full cooperation to the Licensor给与许可方充分合作
② In any action or claim brought or threatened to be brought提出或拟将提出的诉讼或索赔
① In respect of the Licensed Trademarks, 就受许可商标
⑥Including joining in as a party to any proceedings. 包括作为当事人参与任何诉讼
2. This Convention does not prevail over any international agreement which has already been or may be entered into and which contains provisions concerning the matters governed by this Convention.
本公约不优于业已缔结或可能缔结并载有与本公约范围内事项有关之条款的任何国际协定。
3. The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall seek cooperation with the International Monetary Fund to the end that the CONTRACTING PARTIES and the Fund may pursue a coordinated policy with regard to exchange questions within the jurisdiction of the Fund and questions of quantitative restrictions and other trade measures within the jurisdiction of the CONTRACTING PARTIES. 缔约方全体应谋求与国际货币基金组织合作，以便缔约方全体与国际货币基金组织在其主管的外汇问题和缔约方全体所主管的数量限制和其他贸易措施方面采取协调的政策。
4. This contract is made by and between the authorized representatives of HASTINGS Ltd. (hereinafter called the Buyer) and the TAI HUA Industries Corporation (hereinafter called the Seller) through friendly discussion according to the terms and conditions stipulated thereunder. 赫斯汀有限公司（以下简称买方）授权的代表与泰华工业公司（以下简称卖方）通过友好协商根据以下条款签订本合同。
5. In accordance with the relevant regulation, the Labour Law of the People’s Republic of China, Party A and Party B, following the principles of equality, free will and mutual consent, have concluded this Labour Contract. The two parties agree to comply with the terms and conditions specified in this Contract.
甲方与乙方遵照《中华人民共和国劳动法》等相关法规并本着平等、自愿和相互协商的原则签订本“劳动合同”(1)。双方同意共同(2)遵守本合同所规定的各项条款。
6. During the currency of this Contract, you (1) shall not (except with the prior written approval of the Company) be directly or indirectly engaged in or concerned with or interested in (2) any other business which is in any respect in competition with or similar to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries. Also, within three months of the employment termination, you shall not be engaged in any business which will cause the Company’s business to suffer.
在本合同有效期内，除事先得到本公司书面批准外，乙方不得直接或间接从事、参与或入股任何与本公司及其子公司业务相竞争或相类似之商业活动。本合同终止后三个月内，乙方不得从事任何有损于本公司利益之业务。
7. All technical documents shall be handed over in accordance with the requirements of the recipient‘s schedule for the project.
技术文件的交付时间应当符合受方工程计划的进度要求。
8. The recipient shall undertake the obligation to keep confidential in accordance with the scope and duration agreed on in the Contract, the proprietary technology and related technology information provided or imparted by the supplier.
对供方提供或者传授的专有技术和有关技术资料,受方应当按照合同约定的范围和期限 承担保密义务。
9. Subject to the terms to this Agreement, the Producers agree to be bound by the terms to the following marketing agreement.
在本协议条件下, 制造商同意接受下列销售协议各条款的约束。
10. subject to Clause 17, no variation in or modification of the terms to the Contract shall be made except by written amendment signed by the parties.
根据第17条规定, 合同的任何变更或修改, 必须以双方签定的修改文本为准。 ( in the original, “subject to” means “ in conformity with”)
11. No salary shall be paid and charged against the operating expenses, Provided that the commission or brokerage of the Second Party shall be paid and charged as a part of the operating expenses.
若应将支付第二方的佣金或回扣作为营业费用的一部分,则不应在营业费中支付和计算薪金。
12. Compare two sentences.
1) We can sell a lot of garments provided that your price is highly competitive.
如果贵方价格很有竞争力, 我方就可大量出售服装。
2) If the technical documentation supplied by Party B is not conformity with Clause 9.1 to the Contract, Party B shall, within 30 days after the receipt of Party A’s notification, airmail free of charge to Party A the correct, complete and legible version.
如果乙方提供技术资料不符合第9条第1款之规定, 乙方应在收到甲方的通知之日起30天内,免费将正确的、完整的、清晰易读的技术资料航空邮寄给甲方。
13. Should the Seller fail to make delivery on time as stipulated in the Contract with the exception of Force Majeure specified in Clause 18 to this contract, the Buyers shall agree to postpone the delivery on condition that the Seller (should) agree to pay a penalty which shall be deducted by the paying bank from the payment under negotiation.
如果卖方并非因本合同第18条规定的不可抗力而为按合同规定的期限交货,那么,只要卖方同意支付罚金,并由付款行从议付款中扣除,买方便同意卖方延期交货。
本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/ffe56f74a26925c52cc5bf61.html
文档为doc格式