页眉内容 不定式作后置定语 动词不定式作定语，修饰其前面的名词或代词，也叫中心词，动词不定式跟中心词有逻辑关系，大致分为主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系和状语关系等。 1 主谓关系：不定式的动作是不定式所修饰的中心词来执行。可以改成定语从句。 1 不定式还可用来修饰人。 He is a man to finish his task best.他是完成任务最好的人。→He is a man who has finished his task best. He was a brave man to do what he did.他是个敢做敢当的勇敢之人。→He was a brave man who could do what he did.
2 不定式常可用来修饰物，表示某物要做某事。 The next train to arrive was from New York.下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。 →The next train which would arrive was from New York. The world mathematics conference to take place in Beijing next month is bound to be a great success.下月将在北京召开的世界数学大会一定取得圆满成功。 →The world mathematics conference which is going to take place in Beijing next month is bound to be a great success. 2 动宾关系：不定式所修饰的中心词跟不定式有动宾关系。可改成定页脚内容4
页眉内容 语从句。跟主谓关系一样，不定式修饰的既可以是人，也可以是物。不定式动作的执行者可能是句子的主语，也有可能是句子的宾语；有时不定式动作的执行者暗含在上下文中；有时用for somebody/something指出动作的执行者；有时根本不知道是谁。1 及物动词不定式：动词不定式直接放在所修饰的中心词之后。Do you have anything to say (which you will have to say? 你有什么要说的吗？ This is a delicious cake for you to eat (which you can eat.这是一个给你吃的美味蛋糕。
2 不及物动词不定式：由于不定式跟中心词有动宾关系，因此不及物动词或短语之后应该使用相应的介词。She has a room to live in.她有一间房子住。He has a child to take care of.他有一个孩子要照管。 3 有些名词接不定式做定语，可以省略介词，它们是：place, reason, time, way等。 Is that the way to do it (in which/that it can be done? 这是做这个事情的方法吗？ You need a place to sleep (where/in which you can sleep.你需要一个睡觉的地方。 It is time to go to bed (at which/when/thatwe went to bed.该上床睡觉的时候了。 页脚内容4
页眉内容 4 不定式所修饰的名词，可以是及物动词的宾语、双宾语动词的宾语，也可以是及物短语动词的宾语。 He found no good music to enjoy.他发现没有好音乐可欣赏。(music是及物动词found的宾语 They brought her some clothes to wash.他们带给她一些要洗的衣服。(clothes是双宾语动词brought的直接宾语 She looked for some interesting novels toread.她找一些有趣的小说来阅读。(novels是短语动词looked for的宾语 3 同位关系：不定式跟中心词有同位关系。这类名词一般都只能用不定式作定语。 1 某些由同源动词转变而来的名词，同源动词以不定式做宾语，同源名词则以不定式做定语，不定式跟中心词是同位关系。这样只能以不定式作定语的名词：ability, anxiety, attempt, curiosity, decision, desire, disposition, failure, freedom, inclination, obligation, offer, permission, plan, promise, refusal, reluctance, temptation, tendency, willingness, wish, yearning等。 I have no wish to quarrel (= don't wish to quarrel withyou.我并不希望跟你吵架。 Their decision to leave (=That they decided to leave was very annoying.他们决定走叫人心烦。 You haven't kept your promise to write (=promised towrite us regularly.你没有遵守给我们经常写信的诺言。 页脚内容4
页眉内容 2 某些以不定式作状语的形容词，派生转化为同源名词后，也可以用不定式作定语。不定式跟这个名词中心词也是同位关系。在这种结构中，不能用分词形式。 Her anxiety to succeed led her to workhard.她迫切想成功，这促使她努力工作。 His ability to get on with people is hischief advantage.他能和人相处是他的主要优势。 4 状语关系：中心词接上适当的介词可以看成是不定式的状语。1 修饰某些抽象名词的不定式，也可以使用介词接动名词的方式。这类名词通常表示抽象概念，后面用动词不定式做定语，解释中心词的内容。这样的名词有如：ambition, campaign, chance, honor, mood, need,necessity, plan, opportunity, reason, right, time, way等。Give me your reasons to go/for going there.告诉我你去那儿的理由。 He told me his plan to buy/for buying avilla.他跟我说，他计划买栋别墅。 I had no chance to speak/of speaking tohim.我没机会跟他讲话。
2 不及物动词加介词的不定式做定语，可以改成：preposition + whom/which +to do结构。 Please give me a seat to sit on/on which to sit.请给我一条凳子坐坐。He's looking for a place to live in/in which to live.他在找住的地方。 页脚内容4
