纺织英语第三版课文翻译Lesson TwentyFive-Yarn Winding
发布时间:2022-12-20 18:38:48 来源:文档文库
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>>>>LessonTwenty-Five第25课YarnWinding(1络纱
Yarnsasmanufacturedandpackagedarenotintheoptimumconditiontobeusedtoformfabrics.Afteryarnformation,bothspunandcontinuousfilamentyarnsarenotimmediatelyusableinfabricformingsystems.Packagesize,buildandotherfactorsmakeitnecessaryfortheyarntobefurtherprocessedtoprepareittobehandledefficientlyduringfabricformation.
生产并卷装好的纱线并没有处在用于生产织物的最佳状态,纱线形成后,短纤纱和长丝都不能立即用于织物编织系统。卷装的尺寸大小、形状和其他因素让纱线进行进一步加工以便在织造过程中高效传送是有必要的。
Forweavingandwarpknitting,manyyarnsarepresentedsimultaneouslyintheformofawarpsheet.Theseyarnsaretakenfrompackagescalledbeams.Shuttleloomsneedalingyarnpackage,orquill,whichfitsintheshuttle;whileshuttlelessloomsandweftknittingmachinesuseyarnfromlargepackagescalledcheesesorcones.
对机织和经编来说,许多纱线以片纱形式同时排列在一起。这些纱线退绕的筒子叫织轴。梭织机需要一个特殊的适合于梭子的纬纱筒子或纬管,而无梭织机和纬编机所用纱线退绕的大筒子叫扁柱形筒子或圆锥形筒子。
Fromtheaboveitcanbeseenthattheyarn,packagedasitcomesfromspinning,isvirtuallyuseless.Itmustberepackagedtomeettheparticularneedsanddemandsofthefabricformingsysteminwhichitistobeused.This,infact,isoneofthefunctionsofyarnpreparation,toputtheyarnonasuitablepackageforaparticularfabricformingsystem.
从上文可知,从细纱机纱下机后卷装成形的纱线几乎是没有用的。它必须重新进行卷绕以满足编织系统的要求。这其实是纱线准备的一个功用,就是使纱线以合适的卷装适应于特殊的编织系统。
Thefirststepinyarnpreparationforbothknittingandweavingiswinding.对机织和经编来说,纱线准备的第一步是络纱。
Thereasonsforwindingyarnare①toproduceapackagewhichissuitableforfurtherprocessing,and②toinspectandclear(removethickandthinspotstheyarn.Toperformtheabovetasksawinderisdividedintothreeprincipalzones:①theunwindingzone,②thetensionandclearingzone,and③thewindingzone.Torewindtheyarnonanewpackage,itmustfirstberemovedfromtheoldpackage.Thisisaccomplishedintheunwindingzone.Thiszonemerelyconsistsofacreel,whichholdstheOldpackageinanoptimumpositionforunwinding.
络纱是为了①形成一个适合于进一步加工的卷装,②检查并清除纱线粗节
>>>>和细节。为完成以上任务,一个络纱机可分为三个主要工作区域:退绕区、张力和清纱区、络纱区。为将纱线重新卷绕成新的卷装,必须将其从旧的筒子上退绕。这个工序在退绕区完成。这个区只是由一个纱架组成,这个纱架用于支持纱筒并使之处在利于退绕的位置。
Insidewithdrawal,thespoolmustrotateinorderfortheyarntoberemoved.Theadvantageofthissystemisthattheyarndoesnotrotateuponwithdrawalandthereforetheyarntwistremainsconstant.Itsdisadvantageisthatthespoolmustrotate.Athighwindingspeeds,duetoinertia,therotationofthespoolmayleadtotensionvariationsintheyarn.Furthermore,provisionmustbemadetostopthespoolif,foranyreason,thewinderstops.Ifthisisnotdonetherotationalmomentumofthespoolwillcauseittoremaininmotionallowingyarntobeunwoundwithoutbeingtakenup.Also,uponstart-up,highertensionsaredevelopedbecausethewindermustovercomespoolinertia.
侧向退绕中,筒子必须转动,以便于纱线退绕。这种退绕方式的优点是,退绕过程中纱线不旋转,所以纱线捻度保持不变。缺点是,筒子必须转动。高速络筒时,由于惯性,筒子的转动会导致纱线上的张力波动。另外,如果因某些原因,络筒机停机时必须有使筒子停止运动的装置。如果没有这样的装置,筒子的转动惯量会使它保持转动,纱线退绕而未被卷绕。而且,一旦启动,因为络筒机要克服转动惯量,会产生更大的张力。
Intheover-endwithdrawalmethod,thepackageneednotberotatedastheyarnispulledovertheendofthepackage.Thismethodisthesimplestandmostcommonmethodofyarnwithdrawal.Thereare,however,twofactorswhichmustbetakenintoaccountwhen