2014年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类

2014年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类

(2014广东卷) A

Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鸣曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.

Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn’t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.

Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me—I hear the notes and can bear them in mind—each and every note,” says Samuel.

Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel says confidently,” It’s all about super memory—I guess I have that gift.”

However, Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.

Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn’t know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.

26. What is special about Samuel Osmond?

A. He has a gift for writing music.

B. He can write down the note he hears.

C. He is a top student at the law school.

D. He can play the musical piece he hears.

27. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?

A. Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.

B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.

C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.

D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.

28. Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he ______.

A. received a good early education in music

B. played the guitar and the piano perfectly

C. could play the piano without reading music

D. could play the guitar better than his father

29. What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?

A. He became famous during a special event at his college.

B. He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.

C. He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.

D. He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.

30. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. The Qualities of a Musician

B. The Story of a Musical Talent

C. The Importance of Early Education

D. The Relationship between Memory and Music.

【篇章导读】这是一篇记叙文。Samuel是一位音乐天才，他不懂乐谱，也从来没有上过钢琴课，但能演奏很难的乐曲，他记忆力超强。

26. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them.”可知，Samuel与众不同的地方是在听完乐曲几分钟以后他就能演奏。

27. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead.”可知，Samuel原来计划学法律做律师，这也是他父母的愿望。

28. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons.”可知，人们非常惊讶的是Samuel不懂乐谱竟然也会弹钢琴。

29. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Samuel says confidently, ‘It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.’”可知，Samuel认为自己有超强记忆，那是他的天赋，他很自信。

30.B 【解析】推理判断题。本文讲述了一位音乐天才的故事。Samuel不懂乐谱，也从来没有上过钢琴课，但能演奏很难的乐曲，他记忆力超强。

(2014广东卷) C

Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project.

I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.

Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria. Where? What? Nigeria? I had no idea. But I was about to find out.

After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me.

Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.

36. What do we know about the author?

A. His university education focused on the theoretical knowledge.

B. His dream at university was to become a volunteer.

C. He took pride in having contributed to the world.

D. He felt honored to study English literature.

37. According to the Paragraph 2, it is most likely that the author______.

A. discussed his decision with his family.

B. asked previous volunteers about voluntary work

C. attended special training to perform difficult tasks

D. felt sad about having to leave his family and friends

38. In his application for the volunteer job, the author______.

A. participated in many discussions

B. went through challenging survival tests

C. wrote quite a few papers on voluntary work

D. faced strong competition from other candidates

39. On arrival at the village, the author was______.

A. asked to lead a farming team

B. sent to teach in a schoolhouse

C. received warmly by local villagers

D. arranged to live in a separate house.

40. What can we infer from the author’s experiences in Nigeria?

A. He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture.

B. He had learned to communicate in the local language.

C. He had overcome all his weaknesses before he left for home.

D. He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students.

【篇章导读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中作者经过重重选拔，淘汰众多选手成为一名the Lighthouse Project的志愿者。在尼日利亚作者受到热烈欢迎。

36. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical.”可知，作者在大学里学到的大都是理论性的东西。

37. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.”可知，作者因志愿者工作远离家人和朋友，感到难受

38. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone”可知，作者经过了无数的面试后才被选中作志愿者，所以该工作竞争激烈。

39. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family.”作者到达小村落时受到了热烈的欢迎。

40. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man.”可知，因为地方语言的因素，作者没有去很多地方，作者发现要融入当地文化也并非易事。

(2014 湖北卷) A

Before I had my son, I spent two years working with children with disabilities. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster. Coming up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme. I found something that worked, though.

There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him. One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.

I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boy’s teacher was in tears, and could not get control of the situation. As we were talking, the boy ran in. I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.

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