Teaching Goals：
1．To enable Ss to use adverbial clauses of time and reason correctly．
2．To get Ss to master the ways to use adverbial clauses of time and reason．
Teaching Procedures：
Step 1．Revision
Check the Vocabulary exercises in the Workbook and give Ss some instruction．
Step 2．Grammar 1
Purpose：To enable Ss to master the ways to use adverbial clause of time．
1．Group work
Ask Ss to Dick out the sentences with adverbial clause of time from the passage Chinese Taikonaut Back on Earth．
Suggested Answers：
(1)When he was orbiting in the capsule，he took photographs of planet earth．
(2)When Yang landed，Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the Control Centre to offer his congratulations·
(3)When Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday，China became the third nation to
send a man into space．
(4)While he was traveling in space，Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station．
2．Pair work
Ask Ss to read the sentence(1)and(4)they pick out from the passage and answer the following questions：
Q1．There are two verbs in each sentence．Why are the tenses different?、
Q2．Is one action longer than the other?
Q3．Did one action take place after the other?
Q4．Did one action take place at the same time as．the other． ．
Suggested Answers：
A1．The past continuous verb(was traveling／was orbiting)was continuing all the time，and was interrupted by actions of short duration(spoke／took)which are in the past simple．
A2．Yes．the first action in each sentence(although it doesn’t have to be placed first)is longer than the second one．
A3．No．They took place at the same time，although the second action started after the first one．
A4．Yes，it did．
3．Pair work
Ask Ss to read the sentence(2)，compare it with the sentence Yang Landed，Premier Wen Jiabao was telephoning the Control Centre．and choose the correct answers．
Q1．In sentence(2),
(a)the Chinese Premier telephoned the Control Centre after Yang landed．
(b)the Chinese Premier telephoned the Control Centre before Yang landed．
(c)the word when can be replaced with as s00n as．
Q2．In the italic sentence，
(a)the Chinese Premier telephoned the Control Centre after Yang landed．
(b)the news came in the middle of a conversation between the Chinese Premier and the Control Centre．
(c)the word then can be replaced with at the time that．
Suggested Answers：
A1．a &C A2．b &C
4．Pair work
Ask Ss to finish Activity 3 on P44．
Suggested Answers：
(1)met (2)sang (3)got out (4)was orbiting
5．Group work
Ask Ss to think of the words which Can introduce the adverbial clause of time and give a summary．
For your reference：
时间状语从句通常是由when，while，as来引导的。as作从属连词引导时间状语从句时，强调从句和主句的动作同时发生或进行。when引导时间状语从句，从句的动作可以和主句的动作同时发生或进行，也可先于主句的动作。当表示两个动作同时发生时，可与as，while互换。while引导时间状语从句，从句的动词多表示持续性动作或状态，强调主从句的动作同时发生。as soon as可以引导表示“一……就……’’或“刚一……就……”的时间状语从句。如：
(1)The students took notes as they listened．
(2)As he grew older，he became less active．
(3)Come in when you have taken your coat off．
(4)Strike while the iron is hot．
(5)Don’t talk so loud while others are studying．
(6)As soon as she came into the classroom，she began to read English．
(7)I’11 tell him the news as soon as I see him．
6．Practice
Fill in the blanks with when．while or as．
(1)_____he comes tomorrow．I shall ask where he has been．
(2)I saw her just——she was getting off the train．
(3)Have a good look at that man ____ you pass him．
(4)It was already eight o’clock——we got there．
(5)I Was about to go out____ a visitor came．
(6)We’11 go to the country at the beginning of June．_____the summer harve8t will start．
(7)He learned to speak German______ he was in Berlin．
(8)Henry is in charge of the office _______ Mr. Smith is away．
(9)——I got home，it began to rain．
(10)The bell rang_______ he finished the test．
Suggested Answers：
(1)When (2)as (3)when／as (4)when (5)when
(6)when (7)while (8)while (9)As soon as (10)as soon as
Step 3．Grammar 2
Purpose：To get Ss to master the ways to use adverbial clause of reason．
1．Individual work
Ask Ss to read the sentences and answer the questions in Activity 1 on P46．
Suggested Answers：
(1)as／since (2)less formal (3)something they knew
2．Pair work
Let Ss read more adverbial clauses of reason in order to let them know how to use the words to introduce the clauses．Then make a conclusion．
(1)1 was late for school because I missed the bus．
(2)Since everybody is here，let’s begin．
(3)As it is raining hard，let’s do something indoors．
(4)The day breaks，for the birds are singing．
The conclusion：
because：表直接原因或理由，用来回答why提出的问题，语气最强；
since：表对方已知的既成事实的理由，无需加以说明；
as：表十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，语气较弱；
for：表因果关系时，可与because互换，但for前一定要有逗号，不可放在句首；充当并列连词时，表推理解释，附加理由；
now that：说明一种新情况，加以推论，因果关系最弱。
3．Individual work
Let Ss fill in the words with because/for/since/as/now that．
(1)He didn’t attend the meeting——he had too much work to do．
(2)——he can’t answer the question，you’d better ask someone else．
(3)______I haven’t seen the film，I can’t tell you what I think of it．
(4)The ground is wet，——it rained last night．
(5)It rained last night，——the ground is wet．
(6)______you have finished the work，you are free to do what you like．
Suggested Answers：
(1)because． (2)Since (3)As (4)for (5)for (6)Now that
4．Pair work
Ask Ss to finish Activity 2 on P46．
Suggested Answers：
(1)I’d like to give you a present
(2)he no longer says anything
(3)she’s going to visit the sights of London
(4)he didn’t have any friends
(5)he has begun to understand something of the culture
Step 4．Homework ：
1．Ask Ss to bring their favorite newspapers or magazines to school next period．
2. Finish the Grammar exercises in the Workbook on P91-92．
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