专题限时检测（六） 情态动词和虚拟语气
(共3组，限时25分钟)
[模拟题组一]
1．(2019·苏州模拟)I have known Tom Jones for years; naturally, he is nervous in case anything ________ go wrong.
A．should B．can
C．must D．will
解析：选A 句意：我认识汤姆·琼斯很多年了；当然，他很紧张，以防出什么差错。in case后面的事情是小概率事件，用“should＋动词原形”。
2．(2019·无锡模拟)—I can't understand why he ________ so angry. I meant no offence.
—It's typical of him to be so sensitive.
A．must have been B．should have been
C．might have been D．can have been
解析：选B 句意：“我无法理解为什么他竟然会如此生气。”“他经常这样敏感的。”should此处意为“竟然”，表示出乎意料；根据“I meant no offence.”中用了过去时可知，事情发生在过去，故选B。
3．(2019·常州模拟)—I spent a week in Xiamen last month.
—Then you must have been overcharged for sea food many a time, ________ you? This city is known for that.
A．mustn't B．weren't
C．haven't D．hadn't
解析：选B 句意：“上个月我在厦门待过一个月。”“你一定因为海鲜食品被宰了很多次，对吗？这个城市宰客是很有名的。”must在句中表示“想必，一定”的时候，其后面如果用反义疑问句，要依据不表示推测的情形来确定。根据句中的时间状语，可知此处是对过去进行推测，用一般过去时。
4．(2019·常州模拟)Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that ________ possible just a few years ago.
A．would have been B．might have been
C．shouldn't have been D．couldn't have been
解析：选D 句意：如今使用AI(人工智能)后，许多公司都可以做在几年前不可能做的实验。根据语境可知，此处应表示否定，说明过去的可能性，故用could not have been。
5．(2019·徐州、淮安、连云港模拟)—It's really great to have a computer to store my photos.
—Don't count on it too much. It ________ break down and you'd better make a copy of them.
A．must B．can
C．should D．will
解析：选B 句意：“有一台电脑来存储我的照片真是太好了。”“别太指望它。它有可能会发生故障，你最好把它们复制一份。”can表示客观存在的可能性。
6．(2019·南京、盐城模拟)Pele had bags of natural talent, but he ________ without the determination to deal with all the problems life threw in his path.
A．would never succeed
B．never succeeded
C．would never have succeeded
D．had never succeeded
解析：选C 句意：贝利有很多的天赋，但是如果他下不了决心去处理人生道路上遇到的所有问题的话，他是永远不会成功的。本句是由without引出的含蓄虚拟条件句，再根据句中的第一个谓语动词had，可以判断此处是表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句部分应该用would have done。
7．(2019·镇江模拟)I felt like giving up. I probably ________， but my Dad whispered，“Come on! You can make it.”
A．would have B．would
C．should D．should have
解析：选A 句意：我想放弃。我可能已经放弃了，但我爸爸低声说：“加油！你可以做到。”空格后是but引导的并列句，表示隐匿的条件，根据谓语动词whispered可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以主句谓语用would have＋过去分词，此处用了省略形式。
8．(2019·徐州、淮安、连云港模拟)—What a pity! You missed my birthday party.
—Terribly sorry! ________ my uncle not visited me unexpectedly.
A．Should B．Would
C．Had D．Did
解析：选C 句意：“好可惜，你没有参加我的生日聚会。”“非常抱歉，要是我叔叔昨天没有突然来看我(我就不会错过你生日了)。”答句是一个省略句，省略了主句，而且还是一个倒装句。Had my uncle not visited me unexpectedly.＝If my uncle had not visited me unexpectedly.
9．(2019·泰州模拟)—Hope there will be an end to the trade war between China and the US.
—Indeed, otherwise both sides ________ a lot.
A．must suffer B．were to suffer
C．suffered D．would suffer
解析：选D 句意：“希望中美之间的贸易战能够结束。”“是的，要不然的话，双方都会遭受很大的损失。”otherwise 表示隐匿的条件，根据句意可知此处表示的是与将来事实可能相反的假设，所以主句部分用“would＋动词原形”。
10．(2019·扬州模拟)If she ________ make such a simple wish as not to be teased for disability last Christmas, Amy would still feel lonely now.
A．had dared not B．hadn't dared to
C．dared not D．didn't dare to
解析：选B 句意：如果她在去年圣诞节不敢许下如此简单的愿望——不因为残疾而被嘲笑，艾米现在仍然会感到孤独。由last Christmas可知，从句与过去事实相反，所以从句谓语应用had done。
11．(2019·南通模拟)If it had not been for the heroes' contributions and sacrifices, we ________ such a happy life.
A．wouldn't have led B．wouldn't be leading
C．haven't led D．are not leading
解析：选B 句意：如果不是英雄们的贡献和牺牲，我们现在不会过着幸福的生活。本句是混合条件句，从句与过去的事实相反，用的是had＋动词的过去分词。但是主句与现在的事实相反，所以用would＋动词原形。此处是与现在正在发生的事情相反，应用进行式。
12．(2019·南通七市模拟)I would not be seeing the film now ________ me up in time.
A．were Kathy not to pick
B．had Kathy not picked
C．if Kathy hasn't picked
D．if Kathy did not pick
解析：选B 句意：要是Kathy没有及时来接我，我现在就不会在看这部电影了。该句是混合条件句。从句部分是表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以应该用had done。此处省略了if，将had提至句首。had Kathy not picked ...＝if Kathy had not picked ...。
13．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)The accident which left 15 people on board dead ________ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.
A．should have avoided
B．should be avoided
C．could have avoided
D．could have been avoided
解析：选D 句意：如果那位愤怒的女乘客和司机都保持冷静的话，这次造成车上15人死亡的事故本可以避免的。根据从句中“had kept calm”可知本句是表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以主句谓语必须用could/should/would＋have done。又因为“the accident”与“avoid”之间是被动关系，所以用被动式。故选D。
14．(2019·盐城模拟)If the new security system ________ into effect, such accidents would never have happened.
A．would be put B．were put
C．should be put D．had been put
解析：选D 句意：如果新的安全系统已经得以实施，这种事故就不会发生了。根据主句中的谓语动词“would never have happened”可知该句表示的是与已经发生的事情相反的假设，所以从句谓语用had＋done。
15．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)The explosion in the chemical plant ________ avoided had the county authorities, aiming too much at shortterm interests, performed their duties from the beginning.
A．should be B．might be
C．must have been D．could have been
解析：选D 句意：如果县政府从一开始就履行职责，不是过分着眼于短期利益，那么化工厂的爆炸就可以避免。had the county authorities ... performed their duties from the beginning是省略了if的条件状语从句。正常的语序是：if the county authorities had performed ...；由此可见本句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句谓语应该用would/could/might＋have done。
[模拟题组二]
1．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he ________ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.
A．should B．could
C．would D．might
解析：选C 句意： Ann说，无论何时，她爸爸不开心的时候，就会出去买点东西，通常是一些大而无用的东西。would表示过去某种倾向或习惯性动作，故选C。
2．(2019·南京模拟)—Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window?
—Well, if you ________. I can put on more clothes.
A．can B．may
C．must D．shall
解析：选C 句意：“对不起，我打开窗户你介意吗？”“好吧，如果你一定要开。我可以多穿衣服。”must表示“必须，一定要”。
3．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!
—It doesn't matter. You see, accidents ________ happen.
A．shall B．should
C．must D．will
解析：选D 句意：“妈妈，小Ray又弄坏了他的玩具。”“没事的，意外总会发生的”。will表示倾向性、必然性。
4．(2019·常州模拟)—Why didn't you move to another city when you finished your further study abroad?
—I wanted to, but she simply ________let me go.
A．couldn't B．wouldn't
C．shouldn't have D．mustn't have
解析：选B 句意：“既然你完成了在国外的深造，为什么不搬到其他城市去呢？”“我想去的，但是她不愿意我去。”wouldn't “不愿意”，符合语境。
5．(2019·南京模拟)Held inside for too long, regret ________ affect the immune system.
A．must B．can
C．should D．shall
解析：选B 句意：后悔在心里憋得时间过长，可能会影响到免疫系统。can“可能”，符合语境。
6．(2018·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—It's so cold here! Why haven't you turned on your air conditioner?
—Well, it ________ turn on.
A．shouldn't B．can't
C．won't D．shan't
解析：选C 句意：“这里这么冷！为什么你不开空调？”“哎，它就是打不开。”won't可用于叙述在某种情况下可能的事。故选C。
7．—I know the furniture is expensive but it will last for years.
—I ________ hope so too.
A．can B．may
C．must D．should
解析：选D 句意：“我知道这些家具贵，但是比较耐用。”“我希望如此。”should“应该； 将会”，符合语境。
8．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—Nowadays people seem to become more and more selfish.
—How much better life would be if we ________ to the values of the past!
A．were to return B．had returned
C．return D．will return
解析：选A 句意：“现在人们好像变得越来越自私了。”“要是我们能够回到过去的价值观的话，我们的生活将会好得多！”根据句意可知，此处是对将来情况的假设，从句谓语动词可以用were to do, should do或过去式。
9．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—Penny's baby daughter narrowly escaped drinking the furniture polish on the coffee table.
—Luckily for her. She ________ sick or even died.
A．could have got B．should have got
C．must have got D．will have got
解析：选A 句意：“彭妮的小女儿险些喝了咖啡桌上的家具亮光剂。”“她真幸运。她本可能会大病一场或者甚至(为此)送命的。”could have done表示“过去可能做某事而没做”，符合语境。should have done表示“本应该做某事而没做”；must have done表示“过去一定做了某事”。
10．(2019·通、泰、淮、连、扬、徐、宿模拟)Trains to Nantong now only come to the outer city limits, because building the railway tracks into the city ________ many old buildings.
A．would have damaged B．damaged
C．should have damaged D．has damaged
解析：选A 句意：到南通的火车现在只到城外，因为在市内修建铁轨会损坏许多旧建筑。该句是隐匿条件句，条件是“如果当时铁轨建到市里去的话”，表示与过去的事实相反，所以主句部分用“would＋have done”，故选A。
11．(2019·盐城模拟)—Can you give me some advice on how to deal with that tough customer?
—I ________ to her instead of trying to explain over the phone if in your shoes.
A．will write B．would write
C．were to write D．would have written
解析：选B 句意：“如何对付那个难应付的顾客，你能给我点建议吗？”“要是我是你的话，我会给她写信而不是尝试在电话里跟她解释。”此处表示对现在的虚拟，主句中谓语动词用would do。
12．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)There ________ a slight decrease in his weight but he eats too much.
A．was B．could have been
C．had been D．could be
解析：选D 句意：他的体重本来可以减轻不少的，但他吃得太多了。根据后面的eats可确定主句表示与现在事实相反的假设，故用could＋动词原形。
13．(2019·通、泰、扬、徐、淮、宿模拟)What a relief! We would still be wandering aimlessly in the woods ______ to bring a compass with you.
A．should you forget B．had you forgotten
C．you should forget D．you had forgotten
解析：选B 句意：多么令人宽慰啊！如果你忘了带指南针的话，我们仍然会漫无目的地在树林里徘徊。本句是混合条件句，主句是与现在事实相反，而从句与过去事实相反，故从句中应该用过去完成时。had you forgotten＝if you had forgotten。
14．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—I can't believe it. Tom failed the test again!
—He would not be so upset now ________ your advice.
A．would he follow B．should he follow
C．did he follow D．had he followed
解析：选D 句意：要是他过去听取了你的建议他现在就不会这么懊恼了。此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句中动词用had done，这里是省略if的用法。
15．It is hard to believe that the heartbroken couple separated in World War Ⅱ could meet again on the same day that they ________ their fifth wedding anniversary.
A．should celebrate
B．must have celebrated
C．was celebrating
D．would have celebrated
解析：选D 句意：很难相信在第二次世界大战中分离的心碎的夫妇会在他们要庆祝第五个结婚纪念日的同一天再次见面。根据上文中的“separated in World War Ⅱ”可知这对夫妻因为战争离别了，没有能庆祝他们的第五个结婚纪念日。所以该句是与过去事实相反的愿望，主句谓语用“would＋have done”。
[强化题组]
完成句子
1．老师说房间里的东西，我们喜欢什么就可以拿什么。
The teacher said we could/might_take_whatever_we_liked in the room.
2．如果你不按要求去做，你会丢了工作的。
You shall_lose_your_job if you don't do as told.
3．没有人比视而不见的人更瞎了。
No one is so blind as those_who_won't_see.
4．既然航班被取消了，你不妨乘坐火车。
Since the flight was cancelled, you might_as_well_go_by_train.
5．开车的时候你再小心也不为过。
You cannot_be_too_careful when you drive a car.
6．本来你是可以给他一些帮助的，不管你有多忙。
You could/might_have_given_him_some_help however busy you were.
7．他的父母本来不该给他这么多钱的。
His parents shouldn't_have_given_him_so_much_money.
8．我希望我是一只飞翔的小鸟，可以在空中自由地飞翔。
I wish I_were_a_flying_bird and could_fly_freely in the sky.
9．我本可以早点来，但我不知道你在等我。
I could_have_come_earlier,_but I didn't know that you were waiting for me.
10．那个男孩坚持说他没有偷钱，所以他要求被立刻释放。
The boy insisted that he_had_not_stolen_money,_so he insisted that he_should_be_set_free_immediately.
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