代词同步练习
语法填空
一
1. O n my recent vist , I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by_____(it) mother.
2. A few hours before, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with _____(it ) choking smog.
3. A woman on the bus shouted, “ Oh dear! It’ s ______(I)”
4. Later, I received a cassette from_____, in which he recorded his apology.
5. Love, wealth and opportunities---parents today do _______(they) best to leave possessions for their kids, whether they are rich or poor.
6. At nineteen, he decided to devote_______(he) to music.
7. In the winter of 1891, a certain college was having some trouble with _____(it) boy students.
二
1. The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but _________ contained any useful suggestion.
2. In comparison with the national average, Brighton has nearly a third more health foof stores and personal trainers than ________in any other city in Britain.
3. I don’t know whether the young man actually used the money for his breakfast or for __ __purposes.
三
1. Raise your leg and let ____ stay in the air for seconds.
2. So ____ is no wonder that the building was named the UK’s worst building.
3. _____ is a must to get the hang of the theme if you want to fully appreciate the novel.
4. Parents often find _____ difficult to win their children’s trust and they always forget how they themselves felt when young.
5. I will appreciate _____i f you give me a hand to solve the problems.
四． 单句改错
1. Mine own experience can serve as a case in point.
2. I think I can improve me a lot in this way, because where there is a will, there is a way.
3. As time goes on, people will know yourself better and be willing to make friends with you.
4. For quite a number of children, their teachers’ advice is more acceptable than one of their parents’.
5. When I have a better idea, I will choose to stick to them.
6. Without a healthy body, you can not do everything even if you are a millionare.
7. To my belief, there was something seriously wrong with me.
8. I tell him everything, for he is a good friend of me.
9. Through these activities, we can broaden us horizons and learn about western culture.
10. Although he majored in art and literature in college, he had little interest in neither subject.
语法专项之动词分类1
说出以下单词的词性
1.festival, music,geography, sweater, habit, question，tomato，bread，subject.
2.who, she, you, it .
3.good, right, white, orange,healthy, musicial,useful
4. one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
5.am, is, are, have, see ,want, sell, finish
6.now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.
7.a, an, the. 8.and, but, before
9.oh, well, hi, hello.
10.in, on, from, above, behind
1、名词(n.)： 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
2、代词(pron.)： 主要用来代替名词。
3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
4、数词(num.)： 表示数目或事物的顺序。
5、动词(v.)： 表示动作或状态。
6、副词(adv.)： 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
8、介词(prep.)： 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
9、连词(conj.)： 用来连接词、短语或句子。
10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
动词是表示动作和状态的词
1. _________ 本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
I like the book.
2. ___________自身意思完整，无需接宾语。
Birds can fly.
及物动词的使用结构
⏹ 1. 动词+宾语(V.+O.)
⏹ Jane likes music very much.
⏹ 2. 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(V.+O.+O.)
⏹ She gave me a book.
⏹ 3. 动词+宾语+补语（V.+O.+OC.)
⏹ I found the book interesting.
不及物动词
⏹ 不及物动词指不可带宾语的动词，也不可用于被动语态。
⏹ Make sentences: rise, come, work
⏹ The sun rises in the east.
⏹ He came last month.
⏹ He works hard.
既作及物又有不及物动词的词
他跑的快。
He runs fast.
他经营一家工厂。
He runs a factory.
study，fly，run, change
二、掌握系动词be, look, feel, smell, get, become, turn, keep等的基本用法；
⏹ 常见的连系动词有：become, turn, get,
⏹ grow, keep, feel, look, seem, smell, fall等。它
⏹ 们后面常接形容词，构成系表结构。
⏹ Please keep the classroom clean. 请保持教室的干净。
⏹ The bread looks very fresh. 这些面包看上去很新鲜。
一、 连系动词类
⏹ ①变化类:become, get, turn, grow, make,
come, go, fall
go bad / hungry / mad / wrong
fall (fell-fallen) ill / asleep
※feel (felt-felt) sick / sleepy
⏹ ②感观类:look, sound, feel, taste, smell
His voice sounds ________.
A.well B.beautifully
C.excellent D.wonderfully
⏹ ③显得类:seem, appear, look
It looks
It seems that…
It appears that…
⏹ ④状态类:keep, stay, remain
★ prove, turn out
1.The weather will_____hot for another two weeks.
A.last B.remain C.get D.turn
2.The hot weather will ____another two days.
A.last B.remain C.get D.turn
⏹ The weather turned out (to be)fine.
⏹ He proved (to be) honest / an honest person.
⏹ 注：be, become, turn, remain 可带名词
⏹ He remains a teacher.
⏹ =He is still a teacher.
⏹ 1.He became _____ teacher.
A.a B.the C.an D./
二、使役、感观动词类：
⏹ let(不用于被动）, make, have
⏹ see, look at, watch, notice, observe, hear listen to, feel
1.The boss made them _____12 hours a day.
A.work B.to work
C.worked D.working
2.They were made_______12 hours a day.
A.work B.to work
C.worked D.working
口诀1：
1)四看二听一感觉，外加 make, have 和 let” 四看：see / watch / notice / look at/ 二听：hear / listen to 一感觉：feel
口诀2：
不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词
【速记口诀】一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助
【妙语诠释】一感：feel；
二听：hear，listen to；
三让：make， let，have；
四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮助：help
二、 掌握助动词be, do, have, shall, will的基本用法；
⏹ 助动词是“辅助性”动词，一般没有词义，不能单独
⏹ 作谓语，但可用来帮助构成谓语，表示不同的时态，
⏹ 语态，和数的变化。
⏹ 常见的助动词有：
（1）be (am, is, are, was, were, being, been) 与现在分词结合，
⏹ 构成各种进行时态；或与过去分词结合构成被动语态。
⏹ I’m looking for my pen. 我正在找我的笔。（现在进行时）
⏹ These cups are made in China. 这些杯子是中国制造的。（被动语态）
⏹ （2）have (has, had, having)与过去分词结合，构成完成时。
⏹ They have known each other for twenty years.
⏹ 他们互相认识有二十年了。（现在完成时）
⏹ He had built a chemistry lab for himself at the age of ten.
⏹ 他十岁时就已经为自己建了一个化学实验室。（过去完成时）
⏹ （3） 助动词do (does, did) 后只能跟动词原形，与not及其他动词结合构成否定句，或置于主语之前构成疑问句。
⏹ He does not speak English.他不说英语。
⏹ When did he come back? 他什么时候回来的？
⏹ （4）will (would), shall (should)：
⏹ will能用于一般将来时的任何人称后；would是will的过去时，能用于过去将来时；两者后面都接动词原形。
⏹ The plane will arrive in ten minutes. 飞机十分中后将要到达。
⏹ I was sure we would win.我确信用我们会赢。
⏹ shall与should这两个助动词本身没有词义，shall只能用于一般将来时的第一人称后；should是shall的过
⏹ 去时，只能用于过去将来时的第一人称后；两者后面都接动词原形。
⏹ We shall meet at the school gate tomorrow. 我们明天将在校门口见。
⏹
⏹ I told them that I should do the work alone. 我告诉
⏹ 他们我将独自做那项工作。
掌握情态动词can, must, need, may等基本句型结构及主要用法
① 情态动词在英文中是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态，包括请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。
② 情态动词的种类：
1．一般现在时
①表示事实、现状、性质或经常性、习惯性的动作。常与seldom, often, usually, always, sometimes, today, every day, once a week, every five minutes, on Sundays等时间状语连用。如：I go to school at seven every day. 我每天七点去上学。
②表示普遍真理和客观事实。如： The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
③表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作。如：Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
④在时间和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时。
如：I'll go shopping with my mother if she is free tomorrow. 如果明天我妈妈有空，我将和她去购物。
2．现在进行时
①表示目前正在发生(进行)的动作(不指状态)，常用的时间状语有 now, at the moment (此刻) at present,等。当有look, listen，be queit起提示作用时，后面的句子常用现在进行时。
如：Are you writing a letter to your friend now?你现在正在给你朋友写信吗？
Listen! She is singing in the next room.听！她正在隔壁唱歌。
②表示现阶段正在进行，而此刻不一定在进行的动作。
如：We are planting tree these days.这些日子我们在植树。
③表示位移的动词的进行时表示动作将要发生。此类词有come, go, leave, arrive, fly等，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
如：They are leaving for England tomorrow afternoon. 他们明天下午要去英国。
3．一般将来时
①表示将要发生的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有 later(on)之后, soon不久, in a month(in＋时间段)不久之后, next time下次, from now on从现在开始, tomorrow the day after tomorrow等。
如：I shall be eighteen years old next year.明年我就18岁了。
②表示某种必然的趋势。如：Fish will die without water.离开水，鱼就会死。
4．一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。句中的谓语动词要变为过去式。
①主要表示过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
His friend was at work yesterday.他的朋友昨天在工作。
②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与often，always 等表示频度的时间状语连用和，“过去常常做某事”也可用used to do来表达。如：We often went to work by bus last year.去年我们经常乘公交车上班。
③和when 等引导的时间状语从句连用。
如：When he got home, he had a rest.当他到家时，他休息了一会儿。
[提醒] since引导的从句常用一般过去时。如：It is ten years since I came here.自从我来这儿有十年了。
④常与表示过去的时间状语连用。此类状语有ago, yesterday, last week, in the old days, when I was five years old, in 1995， the day before yesterday， the other day, just now等。
如：We began our work three hours ago．三小时前，我们开始了工作。
5．现在完成时
(2)用法：
①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常与just, already, yet, recently, before, ever, never, twice, three times, for+一段时间, since+时间点, ,in the past/last +时间段等时间状语连用。
如：I has seen the film already. 我已经看过这部电影了。(现在我知道电影的内容了)
(3)一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
如：I saw the movie yesterday.我昨天看了这部电影。(强调电影是昨天看的)
I have already seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影了。(强调到现在为止看过这部电影了)
6．过去进行时
(4)when和while的区别：
①引导时间状语从句时，while 连接的是时间段，后常接延续性动词；而when连接的既可以是延续性动词也可以是非延续性动词。如：What was your father doing while your mother was cooking？你妈妈正在做饭时，你爸爸在干什么？
What was your mother doing when you came back?当你回来时，你妈妈在干什么？
②while可以连接两个并列的句子，而when不可以。如：
I was trying my best to finish my homework while my sister was watching TV. 我当时正在尽力完成作业，而我妹妹正在看电视。
③when可作特殊疑问词，对时间进行提问；while 不能。
如：When were you born?你是什么时候出生的？
7．过去完成时
①表示过去的某一时刻以前已经发生的动作或存在的状态，也就是“过去的过去”。常以by, before短语 by the time +句子或when, before, after, until等引导的从句作为前提。如：
My teacher said she had never been to London.我的老师说她从来没去过伦敦。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到时，小偷们已经跑了。
②表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到另一过去时刻的动作或状态。与现在完成时一样，过去完成时也常与 how long, for three days, before 等表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
When Jack arrived, he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour. 当杰克到来时，他得知玛丽已经离开差不多一个小时了。
8．过去将来时
(1)结构： would＋动词原形或was/were＋going to＋动词原形。
(2)用法：表示从过去的某一时刻看，将要发生的动作。如：
His uncle said that would a good harvest the next year.他叔叔说明年会有个好收成。
[提醒] 在由if引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句用过去将来时那么if从句需用一般过去时代替过去将来时。如：Amy said that she would go shopping if it didn't rain the next day.艾米说如果第二天不下雨，她就去购物。
考点二 动词的被动语态
英语中的动词有两种语态： 主动语态和被动语态。
．被动语态的构成： 助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词
(1)一般现在时： 主语＋am/is/are＋动词的过去分词
(2)一般过去时： 主语＋was/were＋动词的过去分词
(3)一般将来时： 主语＋will/shall/be going to＋be＋动词的过去分词
(4)现在进行时： 主语＋am/is/are＋being＋动词的过去分词
(5)现在完成时： 主语＋have/has＋been＋动词的过去分词
(6)过去进行时： 主语＋was/were＋being＋动词的过去分词
(7)过去完成时： 主语＋had been＋动词的过去分词
(8)过去将来时： 主语＋would be＋动词的过去分词
(9)含有情态动词的被动语态： 主语＋情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词
10)在使役动词have, make, let以及感官动词see, find, watch, notice, hear, feel等后面作宾语补足语的不定式，在主动结构中不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。如：
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
被动结构：
A stranger was seen to walk into the building.有人看见一个陌生人走进了这座楼
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