高中英语单词天天记：gun素材

高中英语单词天天记：

· gun

· v.  [gʌn]　( guns; gunned; gunning )

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· 双解释义

· vt. & vi. 1.开枪,开炮   shoot sb or fire the gun

· vt. & vi. 2.加大油门   step heavily on the accelerator

· 基本要点  

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1.gun的基本意思是“开枪”“开炮”“射击”,常与down for等词连用。还可表示“枪杀,用枪射击”“开大油门”等。

2.gun可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语。

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· 词汇搭配  

∙ ～+副词

∙ gun down  枪杀

∙ ～+介词

∙ gun for  用枪搜索捕杀,寻求,争取,伺机加害

· 常用短语  

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gun down(v.+adv.)

用枪击伤,枪杀 shoot, kill or wound (sb) with a gun, especially without pity

▲gun sb/sth ⇔ down

The criminal gunned the policeman down and escaped.罪犯枪伤了警察,逃走了。

The Japanese troops gunned down countless numbers of innocent Chinese when they invaded China.日本军队侵略中国后,枪杀了无数无辜的中国人。

◇ 用于be ～ed结构

The guard was gunned down.卫兵被枪杀了。

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gun for(v.+prep.)

▲gun for sb/sth 

1.搜寻(某人) try to search (sb)

Keep hidden, because they'll be gunning for you.好好藏着,他们会搜寻你的。

2.伺机加害 try to find reasons for attacking or harming (sb)

I  advise you to be very careful over the next several weeks old Sanders is gunning for you.我劝你今后几周里要特别小心,老桑德斯正在伺机害你。

Ever since I proved he'd made a mistake in the report the boss has been gunning for me, trying to get medismissed.自从我证实了上司的报告有误后,他一直伺机报复,设法要把我解雇。

3.追求,竭力谋求 try to seek sth 

He went gunning for rabbits .他打兔子去了。

They are gunning for support.他们在寻求援助。

He is gunning for a rise.他在想方设法升职。

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· 句型例句  

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用作不及物动词

▲S+～(+A)

The driver gunned away home.司机加大油门驱车回家。

用作及物动词

▲S+～+n./pron.

The pilot of the airplane gunned his engine for a sharp climb.飞行员加大油门使飞机急剧爬升。

Two white-helmeted officers gunned their engines into life.两名戴着白色头盔的军官一下子把发动机发动起来。

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· 补充资料  

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［同义词］ n. heater, persuader, piece, pistol, shooter

［词源］  ＜中古英语gunne, gonne (枪,炮)

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· · gun

· n.  [gʌn]　( guns )

·   

· 双解释义

· C 1.枪,炮    a weapon from which bullets are fired through a metal tube

· S  2.起跑信号,发令枪声   signal to begin a race, given with a starting pistol

· 基本要点  

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1.gun一般用作可数名词,是“枪,炮”的总称,主要指小型枪炮,还可表示“任何类似枪或炮的物体”。gun的复数形式可泛指“枪”。

2.the gun表示用发令枪发出的起跑信号、发令枪声,作此解时,一般用单数形式。

3.gun在英国口语里有时还可指“带枪的人〔手〕”,在美国俚语中可指“持枪歹徒,扒手”。

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· 词汇搭配  

∙ 动词+～

∙ adjust a gun  (将火炮等)调整好射击

∙ aim one's gun at  把枪瞄准…

∙ beat the gun  偷跑

∙ carry a gun  带枪

∙ clean a gun  擦枪

∙ draw a gun  拔出枪来

∙ fire a gun  开枪

∙ hold a gun  持枪

∙ hold a gun on sb   把枪对准某人

∙ hold a gun to sb's head  把枪口对准某人的脑袋

∙ jump the gun  提前行动,(赛跑时的)抢跑

∙ lay a gun  瞄准

∙ level one's gun at  用枪瞄准…,把枪对准…

∙ load a gun  装子弹

∙ man a gun  就位

∙ point a gun at sb   用枪对着某人

∙ shoot a gun  放枪,打炮

∙ shoulder a gun  扛枪,使枪上肩

∙ stick to one's guns  固守阵地,固执己见

∙ turn one's gun round  掉转枪口

∙ 形容词+～

∙ big gun  大炮,大人物

∙ heavy gun  重炮

∙ light gun  轻型枪

∙ small gun  小枪

∙ 名词+～

∙ air gun  气枪

∙ BB gun   BB型气枪

∙ field gun  野战炮

∙ machine gun  机关枪

∙ magazine gun  连发枪

∙ ray gun  激光枪,射线枪

∙ shot gun  猎枪

∙ Tommy gun  〈口〉汤姆枪,冲锋枪

∙ starter's gun  发令枪

∙ 介词+～

∙ warship with 16-inch guns  装备16英寸口径大炮的兵舰

∙ as sure as a gun  千真万确

∙ be made like a gun  造得结实

∙ under the gun  在严密监视之下

∙ ～+介词

∙ gun with a good field of fire  射程远的枪

· 常用短语  

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a big〔great〕 gun

大人物,要人 important person

Several big guns from the headquarters are coming to see us today.总部的几个大人物今天要来看我们。

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draw a gun on

以枪威胁某人 use a gun to threaten sb 

I wasn't going to give him the money, but he drew a gun on me, so I had no choice.我不想给他那笔钱,可是他用枪威胁我,于是我无可选择了。

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stick to〔stand by〕 one's guns

坚持自己的意见 refuse to change one's opinions

It should be an interesting argument, as both politicians are known for sticking to their guns, and neither islikely to give way to the other.这次辩论一定很有意思,因为两位政治家都以坚持己见闻名,谁都不大可能向对方让步。

At first the boss would not give Mary the raise in pay she wanted, but she stood by her guns and he gave it toher.一开始老板不想按玛丽的要求给她加薪,但她坚持不让,于是老板就让步了。

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under the gun(s)

全速 at full speed

They were working under the gun to get the bridge repaired before the rainy season set in.他们全力以赴,以便在雨季到来之前把桥修复。

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· 句型例句  

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Guns are forbidden in China.中国禁用枪。

Rifles pistols revolers and cannons are guns.步枪、手枪、左轮手枪以及大炮都是枪炮。

He shot a wolf with his gun.他用枪打死了一只狼。

The guns destroyed the enemy's position.大炮摧毁了敌人的阵地。

They painted the wall with a spray gun他们用喷枪给墙喷漆。

Wait for the gun!等着发令枪响。

He hired a gun.他雇了一名枪手。

He is the criminal who used a gun to rob people.他就是那个持枪抢劫的罪犯。

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· 词语辨异  

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gun, artillery, cannon

这组词都有“枪炮”“火炮”的意思。其区别是:gun指小型枪炮或其他枪状物、喷射器等; cannon指比较大型的、火力较猛的“大炮”“火炮”“加农炮”“榴弹炮”或战斗机上的“机关炮”; artillery是所有火炮,大炮的总称。例如:

The gun sounded and the race began.信号枪一响,赛跑就开始了。

The soldiers fired the cannon.士兵们发射大炮。

They got an antiaircraft artillery from their enemy.他们从敌人那里缴获一门高射炮。

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· 正误解析  

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他枪杀了他的妹妹。

［误］  He shot his sister by a gun.

［正］  He shot his sister with a gun.

［析］  gun是“枪杀”的工具,其前应用介词with,不可以用by。

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· 学习参考  

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在英国用法及美国传统用法中, gun不指“手枪”,而是指各种“枪炮”“武器”,以及狩猎队中持枪的“猎手”。在现代英语中, gun往往泛指“手枪”。

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本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/a259fb726e85ec3a87c24028915f804d2b1687b9.html