外贸常用术语
(中英文对照表)
1.Trade-related Terms 贸易相关术语A.贸易Foreign Trade 对外贸易Entrepot Trade F。) 转口贸易Home (Domestic)Trade 内贸Coastal Trade 沿海贸易Cross-border Trade 边境贸易Barter Trade 易货贸易Compensation Trade 补偿(互补)贸易Bilateral trade (between China and the US) (中美)双边贸易Multilateral Trade ( Multilaterism ) 多边贸易Trading House/Corporation/Firm/Company 贸易公司Liner Trade 集装箱班轮运输B.合同Contract 合同Active service contracts on file 在备有效服务合同Sales Contract 销售合同Sales Confirmation 销售确认书Agreement 协议Vessel sharing Agreement 共用舱位协议Slot-sharing Agreement 共用箱位协议Slot Exchange Agreement 箱位互换协议Amendment 修正合同Appendix 附录Quota 配额C.服务合同Service Contract as provided in the Shipping Act of 1984, a contract betweena shipper (or a shippers association) and an ocean carrier (or conference)in which the shipper makes a commitment to provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or freight revenueover a fixed time period,and the ocean common carrier or conference commits to a certain rate or rate schedules as well as a defined service level (such as assured space,transit time,port rotation or similar service features)。The contract may also specify provisions in the event of non-performance on the part of either party 服务合同A service contract is a confidential contract between a VOCC and 1 or more shippers in which the shipper(s) make a cargo commitment, and the carrier makes a rate and service commitment.服务合同是一家有船承运人与一个和多个托运人签订的保密合同,在合同中托运人对货量作出承诺,承运人对运价和服务作出承诺。Only a VOCC (or agreement of VOCCs) may enter into a service contract as carrier. 只有有船承运人(有船承运人协议)可以作为承运人签订服务合同。NVOCCs may enter into service contracts as shippers, but not as carrier.无船承运人可以作为托运人来签订服务合同,但不可以作为承运人签订服务合同。Allows a carrier to lawfully charge a negotiated, non-tariff rate.允许承运人合法地收取已达成协议的,非运价本运价。Allows parties to keep the negotiated rate confidential.允许签约方对已达成协议的运价保密。Today, the vast majority of liner cargo in the U.S. trade moves under confidential service contracts.目前,绝大多数美国航线的班轮货物通过保密的服务合同运输。Must be with qualified shipper(s).必须与合格的托运人签订服务合同。Must include shipper cargo commitment and carrier rate and service commitments.必须包括托运人货量承诺,承运人运价和服务承诺。Must include shipper certification.必须有托运人的身份证明。Must be signed by the carrier and the shipper.必须由承运人和托运人签署。Must be filed with the FMC.必须向FMC登记Electronic filing is permitted.允许电子登记Rates kept confidential - certain “essential terms” published.运价保密 -一些“基本条款”公布Service Contract Form服务合同的格式Term 1 = origin. 条款1 = 启运地Term 2 = destination. 条款2 =目的地Term 3 = a list of commodities. 条款3 = 商品类别Term 4 – MQC 条款4 = 最低箱量Term 5 = Service Commitments 条款5 = 服务承诺Term 6 = Rate Schedule 条款5 = 费率表Term 7 - Liquidated Damages Clause 条款7 = 清算损失条款Term 8 – Contract Term 条款8 = 合同期限Term 9A = Legal names of contract parties. 条款9A = 合同方的法定名称Term 9B = Identity of contract signatories. 条款9B = 签字人的身份Term 9C = Date the contract was signed. 条款9C = 合同签字日Other Provisions 其它条款Term 10 = shipper certification. 条款10 = 托运人的身份Term 11 = contract records. 条款11 = 合同记录Term 12 = other provisions (including force 条款12 = 其它条款(包括不可majeure, cancellation, arbitration, and 抗拒力,终止,仲裁和assignment clauses). 转让 条款)Signature Block 签字栏The Shipper Party 托运方Is the Shipper Party qualified? 托运方是否合格?Must be cargo owner, NVOCC, or shipper’s 必须是货主,无船承运人和托运人协会association.Cannot be freight forwarder. 不可以是货运代理人Is the shipper party the party that will use 托运方是否为合同的使用方?the contract?Cannot be agent or affiliate of shipper party. 不可以是托运方的代理和附属公司Exception: Affiliate of BCO may be shipper 特殊情况:如果直接货主的附属party if it will be responsible for the freight. 公司负责运费,其可以是托运方。Must Use Full Legal Name 必须使用法定的全称The full legal name and business address 服务合同中必须显示of the shipper party must appear on the 托运方的法定全称和营业地址。service contract.Should usually include a corporate identifier 通常必须包括公司的标志符(Inc., Ltd., Co.). (Inc., Ltd., Co.)Contract heading, Term 9, and signature 合同的标题,第9条款block should match. 和签字栏必须一致。Affiliates 附属公司Shipper party may list affiliates entitled to use 托运方可以在合同第9条款中the service contract in Section 9. 列入有权使用服务合同的附属公司。An affiliate is a person that controls, is 附属公司是指拥有托运方,controlled by, or is under common control 被托运方拥有或被同一公司拥有的实体。with, the shipper party.The full legal name and business address of 必须包括每一个附属公司each affiliate must be included. 的法定全称和营业地址。Trade names may also be indicated in 除法定全称外,也可列入商号。addition to the full legal name.NVOCCs may not list affiliates. 无船承运人不可列入附属公司。When the Service Contract May be Used 何时可以使用服务合同?A service contract may not be used until the 只有在SECAUCUS办公室Secaucus office notifies the agent that the 通知代理服务合同已经向FMCservice contract has been filed with the FMC. 登记后,服务合同才可以使用。The Secaucus office will issue Daily Filing Notices. SECAUCUS办公室将发出“每日登记通知”。Enforcement of Service Contract Terms 服务合同条款的执行not to deviate from the service contract terms. 不可以偏离服务合同条款。A contract may be amended to reduce MQC or 服务合同可进行修改减少extend the contract term. 最低箱量或延长服务合同If the MQC (as amended, if applicable) is not 如果最低货量没有完成,satisfied, an invoice for liquidated damages 在合同到期后30天内must be issued within 30 days of the end of 发出清算损失发票。the service contract term.Service Contract must be with qualified shipper. 服务合同必须与合格的托运人签订。Shipper Party is person that will use the contract. 托运方为将会使用合同的人。Full name (and trade name, if any) and address of 条款9中必须显示托运方和shipper party and any affiliates entitled to use the 任何有权使用合同的附属公司的contract must appear in Term 9. 全称(和商号,如果有)和营业地址。If contract is with Shipper’s Association, Members 如果与托运人协会签订合同,entitled to use the contract must be listed. 合同中必须列入有权使用合同的成员公司。All parties entitled to use contract must certify status. 所有有权使用合同的各方必须证明其身份。Contract may not be used until filed with the FMC. 在没有向FMC登记前,合同不可以使用。Only shipper party and named affiliates (or listed 只有托运方和指名的附属公司members if SA) may use the contract. (或列入的托运人协会的成员公司)可以使用合同。D.条款Contract Terms (and conditions ) 合同条款Article 条Section 节/项Item 款Stipulation 规定Essential terms 必备(主要)条款Revision 修改Alteration 更改Contract Signatory 合同签署方(人)Merchant 签约方Head-Contractor 总承包商Sub-Contractor 分包商Parties to the contract 合同(协议签约)有关各方E. 买卖方、中介Manufacturer 制造(厂)商Buyer 买方Seller 卖方Broker 中间人/ 掮客(跑街先生)Middle-man 中间人(商)OTI 远洋运输中介公司NVO (NVOCC) Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 无船承运人NVOCC Services may include but are not limited to: 无船承运人提供的服务包括但不局限于:1) purchasing transportation services from a VOCC and offering 向船舶承运人购买再向such services for resale to other persons 他人转售运输服务2) payment of port to port or multi-modal transportation charges 支付港到港或全程多式联运费用3) entering into affreightment agreements with underlying shippers 与大货主签订运输合同4) issuing bills of lading or equivalent documents 签发提单或相同效用单证5) arranging for inland transportation and paying for inland freight 安排内陆运输,从全程charges on through transportation movements 运费中支付内陆运费6) paying lawful compensation to ocean freight forwarders 向货代支付合理佣金7) leasing containers 负责租用(集装箱)货柜8) entering into arrangements with origin or destination agents 与始发地、目的地代理签 订合作协议,落实运作Any person operating in the US as an NVOCC shall furnish evidence 在美国经营无船承运人of financial responsibility in the amount of USD 75000 必需提供保证金75000美元Ocean Freight Broker 远洋揽货代理( 船东订舱/营销代理 )Ocean Freight Broker is an entity 远洋揽货代理系which is engaged by a carrier to secure cargo for such carrier 由船东经营,专事为本公司揽货,and/or offer for sale ocean transportation services 提供远洋运输服务的机构。对外which holds itself out to the public as one who negotiates 负责与收、发货人洽谈运输条款between shipper or consignee and carrier for the purchase, 出售舱位等事宜。sale,conditions and terms of transportation。 An Ocean Freight Broker is not required to be licensed to 远洋揽货代理无需专办经营perform those services。 执照Cargo Forwarding Agent / Cargo Forwarder 货运代理Freight Forwarding / Forwarder 货运代理Ocean Freight Forwarder 远洋货运代理人Freight Forwarding services may include,but are not limited to: 货代服务包括但不局限于:1) ordering cargo to port 安排将货物运送至港区(口)2) preparing and/or processing export declarations 安排出口报关3) booking,arranging for or confirming cargo space 安排订舱,确认舱位4) preparing or processing delivery orders or dock receipts 安排装货单证(场站收据)5) preparing and/or processing ocean bills of lading 安排海运提单6) preparing or processing consular documents or 安排出口单证及arranging for their certification 货物出口相关证书7) arranging for warehouse storage 安排仓库储放8) arranging for cargo insurance 安排货运保险9) clearing shipments in accordance with Government 根据政府有关出口规定export regulations 办理货物出口清关手续10) preparing and/or sending advance notifications of 缮制货运通知单及相关单证shipments or other documents to banks,shippers,or 并按要求分送银行、货主consignees,as required 或收货人11) handling freight or other money advanced by shippers, 安排支付发货人应付海运费or remitting or advancing freight or other money or credit 和其它费用;支付、电汇in connection with the dispatching of shipments 海运费、及运输相关费用12) coordinating the movement of shipments from origin to vessel 协调货物自出运地至船舶的运输13) giving expert advice to exporters concerning letters of credit, 为出口商提供有关信用证、other documents,license or inspections,or on problems 其它单证、执照、检验及about cargoes dispatch。 其与货物出运相关问题的专业咨询服务Any person operating in the US as an Ocean Freight Forwarder 在美国经营货代必需提供shall furnish evidence of financial responsibility in the amount 保证金50000美元of USD 50000。Shipping Agency / Agent 船务代理Supplier / Provider 供方F.公司Head Office (Headquarters) 总公司Board of Directors 董事会Director 董事CEO 首席执行官(总裁)CFO 财务总监Regional Office 区域性公司Local Office 地区公司Affiliate 附属(子)公司Branch Office 分公司Sub-office 支公司Subsidiaries 下属公司Liaison Office 联络处Rep. Office (Representative Office) 代表(办事)处Chief Representative 首席代表Group Company 集团公司Conglomerate 集团公司(企业集团)G.收发货人Shipper SPR 发货人/托运人Shipper may mean : 发货人可以是:1) a cargo owner 货物持有者(真正意义上的货主)2) the person for whose account the ocean transportation is provided 远洋运输费用支付人3) the person to whom delivery is to be made 收货人4) a shippers’ association 货主协会an NVOCC that accepts responsibility for 承担支付运价本费率或服务payment of all charges applicable 合同费用的无船承运人under the tariff or service contract Consolidator A company that consolidates freight owned by various partiesinto one container. 拼箱货发货人Consignor 发货人Consignee 收货人Notify Party 通知方Second Notify Party 第二通知方H.客户Customer /Client (customer) 客户Direct Account ( customer ) 直接客户Target Customer (目标)大客户BCO Beneficial Owner of the cargo 直接货主(制造厂商)Big Accounts 大客户VIP Customers 重要客户Agreement / Contract Customer 协议客户Long-term Customer 长期客户Potential Customer 潜在客户Picky customer 好挑剔的客户I.谈判Negotiation (Business Talk ) 谈判 Compromise ( Meet half-way ) 折衷妥协50 / 50 ( fifty to fifty / fifty fifty ) 折衷Win-Win 双赢not a matter of percentage but principle 不是占多大比重而是原则问题2.CONTAINER EXPORT PROCEDURE 出口集装箱简易出运程序As EDI such as Cargo 2000, is more popular nowadays and used by both the VOCCand Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is no longer widely used. 由于电子数据交换(如CARGO 2000)等在船公司和海关之间已相当普遍,书面的托单已不如先前那样广为使用。A。 To ascertain service and freight rate that are most appropriate from Carrier before booking is made;先向承运人(船公司)确认最为合适的服务与海运价,尔后再订舱。B。 Upon booking, Carrier is to reserve space and deliver to shipper a shipping order informing shipper of the number of the container, which is to be fetched by shipper at carrier’s container depot for their own packing;订舱一经确认,承运人应保留舱位并向托运人签发托运单,告知有关集装箱箱号,由托运人自行前往承运人指定集装箱堆场提箱,装箱。C。 Shipper is to pack the container in full load at his plant or at his place of business 托运人则在其工厂或业务场所进行整箱装箱。D。 Customs inspection is made ex-works before the container is locked and sealed ;装箱后经由海关检验,锁妥、加封、出厂。E。 Shipper to send it to CY ; Customs inspection can also be made at CY of the sent container before it is finally sealed; 托运人将集装箱送到港区CY(集装箱堆场);海关检验亦可在港区CY进行,验妥后最终加封。F。 Receiving clerk who is from the carrier or the carrier’s agent, at the dock is to receive the shipping order which will be exchanged for a dock receipt when the container has been delivered to the dock in order.承运人(船公司)码头现场接载人员或船舶代理接收托运单,经检查集装箱外表完好无损后,将场站收据交予托运方。G。 With the dock receipt shipper is to change for B/L before the carrying vessel sails托运人于订舱船舶开航前,至承运人(船公司)处凭场站收据换取提单。H。 Shipper is to advise consignee of the effectuation of shipment托运人通知收货人,货载已出运。3.Shipping-related Terms 航运有关术语A. 承运人Shipping Lines 航运公司Common carriers 公共承运人OCC Ocean Common Carrier 远洋公共承运人VOCC Vessel-Operating Common Carrier 船舶承运人Vessel Sharing Carriers 共用舱位承运人NVOCC 无船承运人Master NVOCC 主装无船承运人Tendering NVOCC 交运货物的无船承运人Contract NVOCC 签约无船承运人MTO Multi-modal Transport Operator 多式联运经营人An MTO deals with all matters in relation to the conveyance of cargoentrusted to him from the point of shipment to the place of delivery,documentation and arrangements with sub-contractors at variousbreaking points to facilitate expeditious movement of cargo. In mostcases it is necessary for him to appoint agents or correspondents atvarious points or even maintain subsidiary concerns at importanttransshipping points to attend to all the work necessary in connectionwith the movement of cargo. He assumes responsibility for theperformance of the contract.MTO Marine Terminal Operator 海运码头经营者Vessel Operation MTO 经营多式联运的船舶承运人NVO-MTO may be a road operator/rail operator/airline operator/freight forwarder 不营运船舶的多式联运经营人Controlled Carrier 受控承运人Rates must be “just and reasonable” - compensatory.运价必须是”公正的和合理的“-具有补偿性的30 days notice required to increase or reduce tariff rates.运价的上涨和下调登记30天后生效Conference Carrier 公会承运人Independent carriers 独立承运人9th largest carrier serving the US 美线第9大承运人Consortium ( Group of carriers pooling resources in a trade lane to maximize their resources effectively ) 联盟Alliance 联盟B. 竞争Competitors 竞争对手Player 竞争参与者(对手)Foreclose from 。。排斥在外To preserve legitimate competition among all common carriers保持公共承运人之间的合法竞争C. 运输模式、网络Transportation Network 运输网络Pendulum Service 钟摆式服务模式Loop Service 环扣式服务模式Trunk Service / Line 干线Feeder Service vessel employed in normally short sea routes to fetch or carrygoods/containers to and from ocean-going vessels 支线Common Feeder 公共支线Coastal Transport 沿海运输 Barge / Lighter 驳船D. 船Self-owned Vessels 自有船Time-chartered Vessels 期租船Inbound Vessel / Homebound 进口(回程)船Outgoing / Outbound Vessel 出口船Liner Vessel plying a regular trade against a published sailing schedule 班轮Slot Space on board a vessel occupied by a container 箱位E. 航班 / 次A weekly sailing 周班A fixed day sailing 定日航班A Friday(Tuesday / Thursday)sailing 周五班A fortnight sailing 双周班A bi-weekly sailing 周双班A monthly sailing 每月班On-schedule arrival / departure 准班抵离Sailing frequency 航次密度ETA Estimated(Expected) Time of Arrival 预计到达时间ETB Estimated(Expected)Time of Berthing 预计靠泊时间ETCD Estimated Time of Commencing Discharge 预计开卸时间ETCL Estimated Time of Commencing Loading 预计开装时间ETD Estimated(Expected) Time of Departure 预计离泊时间The sailing Schedule/Vessels are subject to change without prior notice。 船期/船舶如有变更将不作事先通知Closing Date Last day on which export cargo can be accepted 截止申报时间for a nominated sailing. Cut-off time Latest possible time the cargo may be delivered to 截关日 the vessel or designated point。 F. 港Base Port 基本港POD Port of Discharge (DPORT) / port of delivery 卸港POD place of delivery 卸货地Port of Arrival / Departure 抵达 / 驶离港POL Port of Loading (LPORT) 装港Port of Call 挂港2nd Leg 第二挂港FND Final Destination 交货目的地end of carrier liability where carrier delivers the cargo to consigneeSkip Over 跳(甩)港Change of port of call 改港Optional Port 选择港COD Change of Destination 更改目的地(改港)Deviate 弯(绕)港Diversions the route of a shipment changed in transit from that shown on B/L 弯港Port congestion 压港(港口拥挤)Lay Time in Port 在港装卸时间G.码头Intercoastal water service between points on the Atlantic and the Pacific Coasts 美国东西岸水路运输Intermodal movement of cargo or container between motor,rail or water carriers 多式联运Port / Port 9 港口/码头(上港九区)Dock 码头Quay 码头Terminal 班轮靠泊码头Container Terminal also referred to as a Container Yard (CY), A facility thatreceives full export containers from one shipper to loadingthe vessel and delivers full import containers to the consigneeafter; it is the same location where ocean vessels are loaded & unloaded. 集装箱码头Wharf 靠泊码头Jetty 突堤码头STEVES Stevedores 码头工人Docker 码头工人Berth 泊位Loading Berth 装箱泊位Quayside / Apron 码头前沿Depot container freight station or a designated area where empty containers can be picked up or dropped off 集装箱堆场/储运站Container Loading List 集装箱装船报Bay plan 预配图 / 集装箱船积载图(表)Slot No。 舱位(号码)Pallet A platform with/without sides,on which packagesmay be loaded to facilitate handling 托盘Stacking Yard 集装箱堆场Bay number 排数Row number 列数Tier number 层高数L/W/H Length/Width/Height 长/宽/高On Deck containers 甲板以上装箱Under Deck containers ( below ship containers) 甲板以下装箱The ratio of under deck and on deck containers being 3 : 1 甲板上与舱内箱位数量比3:1Deck storage, normally treated as being stowed under deck,is definitely prone to accidents. 虽风险较大甲板装箱仍应视同舱内装箱The capacity utility rate 箱位利用率Load Factor percentage of loaded containers against total capacityof vessel or allocation 装船率(所装箱量占全船箱位或口岸配额之比例)TDR Terminal Departure Report 离码头报告H.装、拆箱Pack/Stuff/Van (-ing) stowing cargo in a container 装箱Devanning the removal of cargo from a container。Also known as unstuffing,unpacking,unloading or stripping 拆箱Consolidation ( the combination of many small shipments into one container ) 拼装CLP Container Load Plan A document prepared to show all details of cargo loaded in a container e.g. weight ( individual and total), measurement, markings, shippers, consignees, the origin & destination of goods and location of cargo within the container 集装箱配载图Container Number the unique identification of a container 箱号Seal 集装箱箱封Container Seal Number the number of high security seals provided by the carrier 箱封号Locked and Sealed 集装箱已锁妥、封好Partial Shipment 分批装运I.吊Shore Crane / Gantry Crane 岸吊Portainer 集装箱岸吊Mobile Crane 汽车吊Fork Lift 叉车Loading Platform 装卸平台J. 保税Bonded Area 保税区Bonded Goods ( Goods in Bond) 保税货物Bonded Warehouse 保税库Caged stored at bonded warehouse 进入海关监管K. 集卡Road Transportation 公路运输Lorry with IC Card 有白卡的集卡 Chassis a wheeled flat bed or a trailer to accommodate containers moving over the road 集卡Tractor 牵引车/拖头Low-bed 低平板车Trailer 拖车Transporter 拖车DST Double Stack Train,capable of carrying 2 x 40’ 可装2个高(双层)的火车Trucking Company 车队(汽车运输公司)Haulage / Drayage 驳运/汽车陆运Truck Transfer 汽车驳运Axle load 轴负荷Tire-load 轮胎负荷Toll Gate 收费口L. 船代Shipping agent 船舶代理Local shipping agent 当地船代Handling Agent 操作代理Booking Agent the party who secures FOB cargo 订舱代理Shipping Agency network 代理网络Boarding Agent / Clerk 代理外勤(登轮)Cargo Canvassing 揽货FFF Freight Forwarding Fee 货代佣金Brokerage / Commission 佣金M. 供应Procurement 采购Ship-chandler 船舶供应商Bunker Supplier 船舶燃料供应公司Seamen’s Club 海员俱乐部Travel Agency 旅行社Couriers UPS/TNT/HDS/EMS 快递N. 订舱Booking 订舱Booking Note 订舱单Booking Number 订舱号Dock Receipt a form used to acknowledge receipt of cargo at a pier 场站收据M/F (Manifest ) a manifest that lists only cargo, without freight and charges 舱单Cable/Telex Release 电放A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书PIC Person in Charge 具体负责操作人员The said party 所涉及的一方On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods have been placed on board a certain vessel。Used to satisfy the requirements of a L/C On Board提单Shut-Out containers/goods not carried on intended vessel 漏装箱Missed Voyage Container 漏装箱Cancellation 退关箱O.中转In bound vessel or cargo going to port of discharge or final destination 进口In transit 中转Transportation hub 中转港Strategically located hubs 地处战略要地的中转港T/S Transshipping / Transshipment 转运/转口MLB Mini-Land Bridge / Mini-Bridgecargo moving from/to an inland destination on one B/Lfrom/to a foreign port through 2 US ports 小陆桥Mislaid in transit 中转途中错卸BP Base Port 基本港Prompt release 即时放行Permit for its unloading 允许卸船PTT Permit to Transfer 中转货出港放行证Transit time 航程时间 / 中转时间Cargo availability at destination in。。 货物运抵目的地Second Carrier (第)二程船On carriage / second carriage 二程运输4. Service-related Terms 运输条款相关术语A. CY/CY (Y/Y) This CY to CY service means: 场到场FCL/FCL Containers packed by Shippers off Carrier’s premises, and delivered to Carrier’s CY, accepted by Consignee at Carrier’s CY and unpacked off Carrier’s premises, all at the risk and expense of the cargo.。。for pick up intact by consigneeB. CY/CFS (Y/S) This CY to CFS service means : 场到站FCL/LCL Containers packed by Shippers off Carrier’s premises and Delivered to Carrier’s CY, Unpacked by the Carrier at the destination port CFS, All at the risk and expense of the cargo 。。devanned by the carrier for loose pick upC. CFS/CFS (S/S) This CFS to CFS service means : 站到站Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packedby Carrier; To be unpacked by Carrier at Carrier’s destination port CFS; All at the risk and expense of the cargo。A kind of cargo movement by container. Delivered loose at origin point with vanning by carrier, devanned by carrier at destination, and picked up loose at destination.D. CFS/CY ( S/Y) This CFS to CY service means : 站到场Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packed by Carrier; Accepted by Consignee at Carrier’s CY and Unpacked by Consignee off Carrier’s premises;All at the risk and expense of the cargo.E. D/D Door to Door 门到门Containers can be fetched by carrier at sender’s placeby using lorries or rail cars and conveyed to containerterminal for loading. At the other end of journey thecontainer can be delivered at receiver’s place upon arrival.F. Co-Load(-ing) 套约拼装(1) The Combining of Cargo, in the import or export foreign commerce of the U.S., by 2 or more NVOCCs for tendering to the ocean carrier under the name of 1 master NVOCC.套约拼装是指,美国外贸进出口业务中,2个以上NVOCC的拼装货物以1个主装NVOCC的名义交远洋承运人出运(2) Carrier engages in co-loading by tendering cargo and/or receiving cargo from other NVOCCs.承运人从别的NVOCC处接运货物进行套约拼装(3) When shippers’ cargo is tendered for co-loading to other NVOCCs the tendering NVOCC shall be liable to the shipper to the full extent provided in its Bill of Lading and such Bill of lading liability shall not be altered by co-loading. 接受托运人货物,尔后再跟别的NVOCC货物拼装,接载的NVOCC对托运人货物承担其提单条款中所规定的所有责任;责任的性质不因套约拼装而改变。(4) Shippers are responsible for payment of rates and charges only to the extent that such rates and charges are provided in this tariff.托运人仅向接载NVOCC支付该NVOCC费率中规定的海运费和其它附加费(5) The carrier shall notify shippers that their cargo has been co-loaded by annotating each applicable Bill of Lading with the following statement ‘Cargo covered by this Bill of Lading has been co-loaded with cargo of ( names of other NVOCCs) 承运人应通知托运人其货物已与。。。拼装;注明该票提单货已与另一家NVOCC货物拼装。(6) Carrier-to-Carrier Co-loading---carrier engages in co-loading under agreements with one or more other NVOCCs 承运人跟承运人拼装------承运人可以按合约跟1个或者多个NVOCC拼装(7) Shipper-to-Carrier Co-loading---when carrier engages in co-loading on a Shipper-to- carrier basis, carrier is responsible for the payment of all charges assessed by the NVOCC to which cargo was tendered. Shipper is responsible for freight and charges only to the extent that such are set forth in this tariff. 托运人跟承运人拼装------承运人做‘托运人跟承运人拼装’时,承运人应负责支付NVOCC所栏货源的海运费和附加费。托运人仅按其费率规定支付费用A. Is the master NVOCC the responsible filing party for all bills of lading in a co-loaded container ?套约拼装箱所有的提单货是否都由主装的那家NVOCC负责报备?答:目前美国海关边防总署给‘ master NVOCC (主装NVOCC) ’下的定义是:负责将箱子交由船舶承运人运输的NVOCC。具有自动申报的主装NVOCC负责为不具备自动申报各方货物的报备。而不具备自动申报条件的主装NVOCC则负责为不具备自动申报的各装家向承运人提供书面的货物申报单。B. If all the NVOCCs in a co-loaded box are ‘automated’, can each NVOCC file the information needed from its own bills of lading in AMS ?套约拼装箱各家NVOCC都具备自动申报能力,是否每家都可以通过AMS各自报备自己提单货物的信息 ?答:具备自动申报条件的主装NVOCC负责为向其提供书面申报的各家报备。具有自动申报能力的NVOCC参与拼装必须通过AMS系统直接向美国海关边防总署报备。不具备自动申报能力的NVOCC应向主装NVOCC提供货物申报信息,由其再将信息传送致美国海关边防总署。不具备自动申报条件的NVOCC在与一家具备自动申报能力的主装NVOCC拼装时,不许将货物申报信息提供给船舶经营人。C. If each NVOCC can file, does the vessel carrier need to know how many NVOCCs are obliged to file in AMS for a container it is loading and transporting, and how would it know this ? Will each co-loading NVOCC have to list the vessel carrier as the Second Notify Party for its filing to be acceptable ?如果每家NVOCC都可以报备,船舶承运人有无必要知道它所承运的拼装箱内到底有多少家是通过AMS报备 ?怎样才能够知道 ?是否参与拼装的每家NVOCC都要把船舶承运人列为第二通知方报备方可接受 ?答:具备自动申报能力的NVOCC应报备所有提单货物信息的全部数据并将船舶承运人列为第二通知方。AMS系统不会通知船舶承运人拼装箱内到底有多少家NVOCC。即便是船舶承运人需要了解,通过AMS系统也无从获得。很多承运人缮制表格让具备自动申报条件的NVOCC填写,表格即可显示拼装箱内有多少票提单货以及提单号。D. The commentary states that if a non-automated NVOCC is co-loading with an automated ‘master’ NVOCC, the non-automated NVOCC ‘must fully disclose and present the required manifest for their cargo to the automated NVOCC who would be required to present this information to CBP via vessel AMS.’ If the non-automated co-loading NVOCC does not want to give its bill of lading information to the master NVOCC(a potential competitor), but comes to the vessel carrier to file its cargo declaration information via AMS, do the regulations permit this or is the AMS filing only to be done by the automated NVOCC ?评论称,如果一家非自动申报的NVOCC跟一家自动申报的主装NVOCC拼装,前者必须将全部的舱单信息向后者公开,由后者通过船舶的AMS系统向美国海关边防总署报备。如果参加拼装的这家非自动申报NVOCC不想让一起拼装的主装NVOCC(潜在竞争对手)知道提单信息,直接找到了船舶承运人通过他的AMS系统进行报备,规定是否可以允许这样做 ?还是AMS报备必须要通过具有自动申报的NVOCC来做 ?答:请参看上述问题B)的回答。What is lawful co-loading?什么是合法CO-LOADING?Two types:二种类型:Contract NVOCC issues its house bill of lading to Tendering NVOCC (“shipper-to-carrier” relationship).签约NVOCC向交运货物的NVOCC签发提单(“托运人与承运人”关系)Contract NVOCC enters into co-loading agreement with Tendering NVOCC (“carrier-to-carrier” relationship).签约NVOCC与交运货物的NVOCC签订CO-LOADING协议(“承运人与承运人”关系)非法的货物 CO-LOADINGCarrier Failure to deal with Contract NVOCC.承运人绕开直接与之签订服务合同的NVOCC接货Shipping order submitted by Tendering (non-contract) NVOCC.托(运)单由交运货物的NVOCC直接提供给承运人Freight invoice issued to Tendering NVOCC.承运人直接向交运货物的NVOCC开具运费发票Freight paid by Tendering NVOCC.运费由交运货物的NVOCC直接向承运人支付Result: Violation of the Shipping Act. 结果:违反航运法Carrier failure to confirm carrier-to-carrier agreement between NVOCCs.承运人没有确定NVOCC之间的承运人与承运人协议Must see copy of the agreement.必须看到协议复印件Such agreements are rare.此类协议很少Carrier may deal directly with Tendering NVOCC.承运人可以直接与交运货物的无船承运人打交道Violation of Shipping Act if done knowingly. Could occur in co-loading situation.明知故犯地违反航运法可能在CO-LOADING情况下发生NVOCC license may be revoked for: Failure to maintain a bond; or A violation of the Shipping Act.由于以下原因无船承运人的营业执照可能被吊销:或没有保持保证金处于有效;或违反航运法行为IPI Inland Points Intermodal。Inland carriage by another mode of transportation after discharge 内陆点多式联运5。Rate-related Terms 运价、费收相关术语Simplified rate structure 简明的运价结构 Clear service charges 清晰的费收标准Transparent ocean freight 透明的海运运价Ocean Freight 海运费Sea Freight 海运费Freight Rate 海运价Charge / Fee (收)费Dead Freight 空舱费Dead Space Space in a car, truck, vessel, etc., that is not utilized 亏舱Surcharge / Additional Charge 附加费Toll 桥/境费Charges that are below a just and reasonable level 低于正当合理的收费The level compensatory to actual or constructive costs 与营运加折旧成本相当的水平Low rates are now in session。 现在处于低运价时期Rates required to maintain acceptable continuity 能维持正常营运的运价水平Quote/Quotation/Offer 报价Market Price Level 市场价水平Special Rate 特价Rock Bottom Price 最低底价Best Obtainable Price 市场最好价Price making mechanism 运价制定机制Rate making ( procedure ) 运价制定(程序)Pricing System 制定运价体系PP Freight Prepaid freight and charges are required to be paid by shipper before original B/L is released 预付运费CC Freight to Collect 到付运费Freight Payable At Destination 到付运费Back Freight 退货运费Fixed Price 固定价格IA Action independent action 独自行动Price Squeeze 运价挤压Comm. Commission 佣金Rebate a return of part of the freight payment 回扣/折扣Volume Incentive 箱扣(箱量回扣)OCP Overland Common Point 陆路共通点IPI Interior Point Intermodal 内陆点多式联运(服务)Arbitrary Transportation to final destination beyond base portby feeder vessel or truck or other methods 内陆中转费IHC Inland Haulage Charge 内陆托运费OCP Overland Common Point 内陆点OCP rates which are generally lower than local train rates, were establisheby the US west coast steamship companies in conjunction with railroads servingthe western US, so that cargo originating or destined to the American Midwestand East would be competitive with all-water rates via the US Atlantic and Gulfports. OCP rates are also applicable to eastern Canada.Drayage charge made for local hauling by dray or truck 拖运费TVR Time Volume Rate 时间箱量运价TRI Tariff Rate Item 费率本运价品名N.O.S. Not Otherwise Specified (in this tariff) 未作特别规定SPS Shanghai Port Surcharge 上海港附加费GRI General Rate Increase 运价上调SGRI Second General Rate Increase 第二次运价上调GRD General Rate Decrease 运价下调TGRD Temporary General Rate Decrease 临时运价下调PSS Peak Season Surcharge 旺季附加费 Wharfage A charge assessed by a pier against freight handled over the pier 码头附加费THC Terminal Handling Charge 码头操作附加费ORC Origin Receiving Charge 始发接单费CUC Chassis Usage Charge 拖车运费IAC Inter-modal Administrative Charge(U.S. Inland Surcharge) 内陆运输附加费ERS Equipment Re-positioning Surcharge 集装箱回空费PCS Port Congestion Surcharge 疏港费PCF Panama Canal Transit Fee 巴拿马运河费SCF(C) Suez Canal Transit Fee (Charge) 苏伊士运河费TRC Terminal Receiving Charge 码头接运费ACC Alameda Corridor User Surcharge All cargo moving through the ports of Los Angeles or Long Beach that is transported by rail through or out of Southern California, shall be subject to a charge as specified in tariff. 南加州(洛杉机/长滩)铁路转运附加费DDC Destination Delivery Charge (目的地卸货费)A charge assessed by the carrier for handling positioning of a full containerOAC Origin Accessory Charge 始发港杂费TWCS U.S. West-coast Congestion Surchage 美西疏港费LABL Less Advance Booking Allowance (提前定舱优惠价)FAK Freight All Kinds (同一费率)Terms for consolidated freight and require 2 or more commodity items. (Any item described as ‘Freight All Kinds’ shall consist of a minimum of 2 different commodity items. Further restrictions to the item shall becontained in the individual Commodity item. )System whereby freight is charged per container,irrespective of goods and according to a tariff。STC Said to ContainA standard clause used to protect carrier for cargo stuffed by shipper or its agents。 详见箱装货物 / 数量WRS War Risk Surcharge 战争险附加费BAF Bunker Adjustment Factor 燃油附加费BKC (BC) Bunker Charge 燃油附加费 EBS Emergency Bunker Surcharge 紧急燃油附加费EBAF Emergent Bunker Adjustment Facto 紧急燃油附加费IFA Interim Fuel Adjustment 临时燃油附加费CAF Currency Adjustment Factor 币值调整附加费YAS (Japanese)Yen Adjustment Surchae 日元币值调整附加费RRS Revenue Recovery SurchargeTCS Temperature Controlled Cargo CFS Service Temperature Controlled Surcharge COS Container Overweight Surcharge 集装箱超重附加费DHC Destination Handling Charge at US ports/points 目的港/地操作费HDS Hot Delivery Service 快速卸货服务(日本港)费DO FEE Documentation Fee (Document Fee) 单证费AMS Advance Manifest Security ChargeMAF Manifest Amendment Fee 舱单改单费C.O.D. Collect (cash) on Delivery 到付Differential Rate An amount added on or deducted from base rate to make 差额运价a rate to or from some other point or via another route。6. Shipment-related Terms 货载相关术语FOB (Free On Board ) 装运港船上交货CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight) 成本加保险、运费Liner Terms freight includes the cost of loading onto and discharging from the vessel 班轮条款Booking Instructions 订舱要求Direct Shipment 直接货载CL Container Load 集装箱货FCL Full Container Load FCL normally packed by shipper and conveyed to CY 满箱货LCL Less Than Container Load 拼箱货normally sent to carrier’s CFS for consolidation by carrierConsolidated cargo : cargo containing shipments of 2 or more shippers, usually shipped by a firm called consolidator. The consolidator takes advantage of lower FCL , rates and savings passed on to shippers 拼装货Cargo / Goods / Merchandise 货物Cargo Description / Description of Goods 货物品名Commodity 商品Catalogue 产品目录Product 产品By-product 副产品Agri-Product / Agri-Produce 农产品Project Cargo 项目货Dangerous Used by IMCO for hazardous materials posing a significantrisk to health,safety or property 危险品Perishable Cargo subject to decay or deterioration 冷藏货Unit Load packages loaded on a pallet or any other way that enables them to beHandled at one time as a unit 单位货载(1大纸箱/1托盘)FROB 过境货For prompt shipment 立即出运Cargo Supplier (供)货方Upcoming Shipment 下一载货Same Assignment 同一批货Consignment 一票货Nomination Cargo 指定(指派)货Indicated / Nominated Cargo 指装货Time-sensitive cargo 高时效要求货物Less time-sensitive cargo 低时效要求货物Shipments under B/L No。XXX XXX提单货Double-deck load A second tier of cargo placed on top of the fir t tier 两层叠装Dry Cargo cargo that does not require temperature control 普货(非温控货)Awkward Cargo cargo of irregular size; requires prior approval on a case by case basis 畸形货GDSM General Department Store Merchandise 百货Cargo Volume 货量Freight Volume 货量Reefer Cargo 冷冻货High-Value Cargo (goods) 高价货To tender minimum cargo 提供最低限量货物Cargo Description 货名Miss Description 虚报货名Agreement Rate 协议运价Market Report 市场报告Market Share 市场份额To obtain market value for the containers 集装箱自身的市场价格CKD Completely(car)Knocked Down 汽车散件SKD Semi Knocked Down 汽车配件D & H dangerous and hazardous 危险品Revenue ton / Freight ton the greater weight or measurement of goods where1ton is either 1000 kilos or 1 cubic meter。Also known as B/L ton。 It is used to calculate freight charge。 运费吨Weight ton 重量吨Measurement ton 容积吨7. Document-related Terms 单证相关术语S/O Shipping Order Usually for the same set of Shipping Orders, there are anumber of copies with the same form and contents but with different names such as the 1st copy is called Shipping Order and remainders are called Shipping Order Copy orDock Receipt for different purposes such as space control,surveyor and sworn measure, documentation. As EDI is more popular nowadays and used by both the Shipper and Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is no longerWidely used. 托(运)单B/L Bill of Lading 提单B/L Copy 提单副本OBL Ocean Bill of Lading 海运提单HBL House Bill of Lading 无船承运人提单 TBL Through Bill of Lading 全程提单Advanced BL Advanced Bill of lading 预借提单Anti-Dated BL Anti-dated Bill of Lading 倒签提单Blank BL Blank Bill of Lading 空白提单‘To Order’B/L 指示提单Combined Bill 并单(提单)Separate Bill 拆单(提单)Way Bill A document prepared by a shipping line at the point ofshipment, showing the point of origin, destination, route,consignor, consignee, description of shipment and amount charged for the transportation service. A waybill is forwardedwith the shipment or sent by mail to the agent at the transferpoint or waybill destination. Unlike a B/L, a waybill is not adocument of title. 运单Straight B/L A non-negotiable B/L。the Pomerene Act governs itsoperation in the US。 记名提单On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods havebeen placed on board a certain vessel。Used to satisfythe requirements of a L/C On Board提单Shipped B/L A B/L issued only after the goods have actually been shippedOn board the vessel,as distinguished from the received forShipments B/L 已出运的货物提单(On Board B/L; Shipped B/L 已装船提单 )Received for Shipment B/L 备运提单Transhipment B/L 转船提单Through B/L 联运提单Shipper(Consignee)Box 发(收)货人栏(格)Arrival Notice 到货通知书An advice that the carrier sends to the consignee advising of goods coming forward for delivery. Pertinent information such as BL No.,container No. and total charge due from consignee, etc, are includedand sent to consignee prior to vessel arrival. This is done gratuitouslyby the carrier to ensure smooth delivery but there is no obligation bythe carrier to do so. The responsibility to monitor the transit andpresent himself to take timely delivery still rests with the consignee.M/F Manifest document that lists in detail all the Bs/L issued by a vesselor its agent or master,ie,a detailed summary of the total cargo 舱单Batch Filing 批量报备Manifest Discrepancy 舱单数据不符Acknowledgement of Manifest Receipt 收到舱单回执Packing List 装箱单Cargo Receipt 承运货物收据D/R Dock Receipt 场站收据D/O Delivery Order 交货单(小提单)A document authorizing delivery to a nominated party of goods in the care of a 3rd party。Can be issued by a carrier on surrender of a bill of lading and then used by the merchant to transfer title by endorsement。 Shipping Permit issued by a shipping company,authorizing the receiving 船公司托(带)运证明clerk at pier/warehouse/on board to receive a stipulated amount of goods or materials from a specified firm/client。Shipper’s Export Declaration 货主出口申报单A customs house form, filled by the shipper of goods to other countries.Also called shipper’s manifest. It mentions the marks, numbers, quantity, description and value of the goods at time and place of export. There is a different definition in USA as ‘The shipper’s export declaration (SEDs) forms 7525-V and 7525-V-Alternate(Intermodal) and the shipper’s export declaration for In-Transit Goods, Form 7513, are JOINT-BUREAU OF THE CENSUS-INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION DOCUMENTS used for compiling the official U.S. export statistics and administering the requirements of the ExportAdministrative Act.Shipping Advice 装运通知(似舱单 NVOCC用) Manifest information 舱单信息FCN Freight Correction Notice 舱单更改单(通知) Surrender O B/L copies for consignment 交回提单副本Release Note receipt signed by customer acknowledging delivery of goods 货物收讫单8. Inspection-related Terms 检验相关术语Customs Inspection 海关查验Commodity Inspection 商品检验Tally 理货Tally Report 理货报告Check 查验/检查/核对Fumigation treatment with a pesticide active ingredient that is a gas under treatment conditions 熏蒸Animal / Plant Inspection 动植物检验INSP Inspection / Inspector 检验/检验员Certificate of Origin ( normally issued or signed by a Chamber of Commerce or Embassy ) (始发地)原产地证书Arbitration 仲裁FAE Fresh Air Exchange 空气交换The fresh air exchange system on a reefer removes harmful gasesfrom perishable commodities. The fresh air vent is adjustable to accommodate a variety of cargoForce Majeure 不可抗力M/F FILING Manifest Fling 舱单申报ACS Automated Commercial System 自动商务系统A system of software programs between Customs and brokers to communicate. These programs are design with the ultimate goal of paperless transaction between Customs and brokersABI Automated Broker Interface ( part of ACS ) 自动的报关行接口Which permits transmission of data pertaining to merchandise being imported into the United States.(Qualified participants include brokers, importers, carriers, port authorities, and independent data processing companies referred to as service centers.)ACH Automated Clearing House ( part of ACS ) 自动清关Which allows electronic funds transfer for payment of estimated duties, taxes, and fees on imported merchandiseAMS Automated Manifest System ( for anti-terrorism ) 自动舱单(反恐)申报系统An application that expedites the clearance of cargo for thesubsequent release of containers when imported to the U.S.through electronic submission of cargo manifests in lieu ofbulk paper manifests.CSI Container Security Initiative 集装箱安全防范措施To address the threat terrorists pose to containerized shipping, Customs developed CSI. 为应对恐怖主义对集装箱运输。。推出CSS Cargo Selectivity System 货物抽验It is how Customs selects freight or documentation to be examined. Examinations are chosen by the risk of importer and manufacturer or activities with certain tariff numbers. CTPAT Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism 海关贸易合作反恐条例SCAC Standard Carrier Alpha Code 承运人标准数字编码CHB Customs House Broker 报关行A company or individual licensed by US Customs to dobusiness as an agent with US Customs House.SED (EX-DEC) Shipper’s Export Declaration 货主出口报关单A form required by Census Bureau for export statistical purposes, which consists mainly of SHIPPER NAME, IRS No., CONSIGNEE NAME, HTS, VALUE and Shipping details plus Freight terms.SLI Shipper Letter of Instruction 货主出口报关指示函A carbon form that serves as Ex-Dec and/or B/L instructions.HTS Harmonized Tariff Schedule 国际货物编码The international coding system for commodities.BONDED WAREHOUSE 保税库Warehouses approved by Customs for storage and/or manufacture of goods. Duties assessed and due when goods enter the U.S.(China) for consumption. No duties due if re-exported. BONDED AREA 保税区BONDED GOODS 保税货物QUOTAs Quantity of one HTS item allowed to be imported at either higher or lower rate of duties. 进口配额DDP Delivery Duty Paid 完税DDU Delivery Duty Unpaid 未完税DRAWBACK Duties payment refunded because freight is re-exported or for similar circumstances 退税金额Customs fine 海关罚款Customs seals 海关关封Application for inspection 检验申请To expedite the clearance 加快清关Pilferage 盗窃/偷窃War risk Insurance coverage for loss of goods resulting from any act of war 战争险To be liable for a penalty of 受到。。。处罚To increase predictability 增强了可预测性Non-fraudulent violation of the regulation 非故意违反规定To file certifications with Customs 向海关申报有效证明To follow the current procedure 遵循现行程序To abide by 。。。rule 遵照。。。规定To provide specific language 提供一定说法To be not authorized 不予认可9. Container-related Terms 集装箱相关术语fleet of containers 集装箱箱队E/C Equipment control 箱管TEU Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit is the value of 1 twenty-foot container. ( 20’GP) 20尺标箱FEU Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit. 1 Forty-Foot equivalent equals (40’GP)2 Twenty-Foot containers. 40尺标箱Corner Fitting 角件Corner Post 角柱End Wall/Side Wall 端墙/侧墙Bull Ring(D Ring)cargo-securing devices mounted in the floor of containers 箱内稳货环Container No。 箱号Seal metal strip or lead fastener used for locking freight car 箱封Seal record a record of the number,condition and marks of identificationon seals made at various times and places,referring to themovement of the container between origin and destination 箱封检查记录Collection and Distribution Transport 拼箱分拨运输SL&C Shipper’s Load and Count 货主装箱、点数SP & S Shipper’s Pack and Seal 货主装箱、加封SOC Shipper’s Own Container (SHIPPER OWNED CTN) 货主自有箱The maintenance of a sufficient quantity of containers may beexpensive, but may prove to be worthwhile in the long run, depending on the trade volume. In cases, shippers may purchase from the market the used container to send the cargo with, just for once and keep the container for a makeshift warehouse after its delivery or for some other use at destinationCOC Carrier’s Own Container(CARRIER OWNED CTN) 船东自有箱From others’ point of view, containers for a specific carrier’s use are allcalled COC. Therefore, the carrier’s leased in containers are also his COC.Equipment change 换箱GP General Product ( Dry Cargo ) Container 干货箱DC Dry Cargo Container 干货箱Garmentainer 挂衣箱GOH Garment on Hanger 挂衣箱HC/HQ HI-CUBE (HIGH CUBE)Container Any container whichexceeds 8 feet 6 inches in height, usually 9’6’’ 高箱40 TH 40’ TIE High Cube 40尺高箱40 GH 40’ Garment High Cube 40尺挂衣高箱40’/45’ HI-CUBE CONTAINER SURCHARGE 40’/45’高箱费All-in Rate/40’ x 1.125 ( for 40’ HC ) 海运费计收All-in Rate/40’ x 1.266 (for 45’ HC )FR Flat Rack Container 框架箱OT Open Top 开顶箱PF (Platform Container) 平板箱RF Refrigerated Container 冷藏箱COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINER(FR 框架) 折叠式集装箱DG Container Dangerous Goods Container 危险品箱Controlled Atmosphere an atmosphere in which oxygen, carbon dioxide andnitrogen concentrations are regulated, as well as temperature and humidity. 箱体内气体、温度、湿度调控Empties Empty containers are provided by ship operatorsto cargo owners at container depots. Appropriatecharges are made for the lease of their ownership. 空箱Genset a portable power generator, which convert fuel intoElectrical power by mechanical means, and from whichA reefer draws power. (手提式/轻便) 冷箱发电机Power Pack 供冷箱用的小型发电机(可租用)Container Cleaning 洗箱VEN Ventilated 通风FRZ Frozen 冰冻HTD Heated 加热I.D. Inside Dimension 箱内尺码Inside Measurement 箱内尺码TW ( TARE WEIGHT ) The weight of an empty container 箱子皮重Container Leasing Co。 租箱公司Equipment Exchange (Interchange) Receipt 设备交接单Repositioning 集装箱回空Inventory Report 盘存报告Sold Report 卖箱报告Wear and Tear 正常损耗Bend/Bow/Dent/Cracked 弯曲/压弯/凹进/裂痕One Way Free Use 单向免费使用Container Leasing long-term / short-term lease 集装箱租赁 长期 / 短期Leasing Company 租箱公司Repairing Company 修箱公司Lift On/Off (吊)上车/下车费用Drayage 短驳拖运Master lease 总租赁Trip lease/Return trip lease 航次/回程租赁Round trip lease 往返租赁Off-Hire Containers 退租箱PTI (Pre-Trip Inspection) 冷藏箱预检费Payload 有效载重量/净载重量Cable sealing devices 绳缆式箱封设备Europallet ( 800mm X 1200mm ) 欧(洲)式托盘Standard pallet (1000mm X 1200mm ) 标准托盘A 20’can hold 11 Europallets in 1 tier or 9-10 standard palletsA 40’can hold 23-24 Europallets in 1 tier or 20-21 standard onesWooden pallets must be strong enough to allow storage of 3 tiers when loaded.Carton boxes must not overhang the edges of the pallets.Boxes which utilize less than 90% of the pallets surface and do not align with thepallet edge can shift in transit.One-Way Lease that covers the outbound voyage only,after which thecontainer is returned to the lease holder at or near destination 单程租箱Dunnage Lumber or other material used to brace material in carrier’s equipment 垫料Slip Sheet 活动隔板Normal / Chemical wash 清洗/化学清洗Detention Charges raised for detaining container at Customer’spremises for longer period than provided in Tariff 空箱滞箱费Demurrage 重箱滞箱费10. L/C Terms 信用证术语L/C Letter of Credit 信用证L/C is a reliable and safe method of payment, facilitating trade withunknown buyers and giving protection to both sellers and buyers.为跟不了解的买方做贸易,采用信用证结汇十分方便,可以保护买卖双方利益1. The issuance of a L/C starts with the buyer who instructs his bank to open a credit ( issue an L/C ) in favor of the seller for the amount of the purchase.先由买方指示其银行开信用证,收款方开卖方2. The buyer’s bank ( opening bank ) sends the L/C to its correspondent in the seller’s country, giving instructions about the amount of the credit, the beneficiary, the currency, the documents required and other special instructions.买方银行(开证行)将信用证开到其在卖方国家相应的议付行,指示信用证金额,受益方,币种,所需的单据文件以及其它特殊要求3. Upon receipt of the L/C, the correspondent advises the seller of the same immediately.议付行收悉信用证后应随即如实通知卖方4. The seller deals with the correspondent bank and prepares for the shipment of the buyer’s order.卖方与议付行接洽后即准备出运买方的定单货载5. After shipment, the seller presents the relative shipment documents to the bank, which should be clearly marked with ‘On board MV xxx’ together with a bill of exchange (汇票) drawn on the opening bank.货载出运后,卖方将相关的盖有‘On Board MVxxx’字样的货载单证连同带有开证行抬头的汇票一并交议付行6. The correspondent bank pays the money to the seller when documents presented are found to be in order.议付行经验证卖方单据完整无误后即向卖方结汇7. The correspondent bank then sends all the shipping documents to the buyer’s bank, which, in turn, passes them to the buyer, who finally reimburses the correspondent bank through the buyer’s bank.议付行然后将所有的货载单据转给买方银行,买方银行再转交给买方;买方最终通过买方银行向议付行支付to meet the applicable L/C requirements 以满足信用证要求L/G Letter of Guarantee 银行保函L/I Letter of Indemnity 赔偿保证书Opening (Issuing)Bank at importers place 开(信用)证行Advising (Notifying)Bank at exporters place 通知行Paying (Drawee)Bank at exporters place 付款行Negotiating Bank A bank named in the credit;examines the documentsand certifies to the issuing bank that the terms are complied with。 议付行11.Survey,Claim,Insurance-Related Terms 检验,索赔,保险相关术语Invoicing 开发票T/T Telegraphic Transfer 电汇A/C Account 帐户Appreciate 升值Depreciate 贬值Ditto/Do 同上Credit Note 贷方通知单Debit Note 借方通知单Financial Responsibilities 财务责任Capital Budget 资金预算Cash Flow 流动资金Balance Sheet 资产负债表Statement of Account 对帐单Amount Receivable 应收款Account Payable 应付款Accounting Dept。 财务处/会计科CUR Currency 货币PRO FORMA INVOICE An invoice composed in lieu of original invoice (代发票)Consular Invoice 领事发票Documentary Credit 单证信誉ALL RISKS (War,Strike,Riot,Mob not included) 全险(综合险)POLICY 保单Insurance Premium 保费We usually effect insurance for 110% of invoice value. (货运险)按发票金额的110%投保The insurance value is calculated as : 投保金额计算方法Costs of goods + amount of freight + insurance premium + a percentage of profit on the sale of goodsthe extra premium 其它险种保费VOYAGE POLICY 航次保单THE HAGUE RULES 海牙规则Less risk of damage 受损风险小Case 案例Complaint 投诉Justified / unjustified complaint 合理/不合理投诉Dispute 争议Surveyor 检验师Cargo Surveyor 商检员/师Surveyors Report 检验报告Be (not)liable for the damage (不)对货损负责The damage was obviously attributed to defective packing。 显然是因包装而造成货损Endorse 背书Liquidated Damage 违约赔偿金Claim 索赔Claimant 提赔方(人)Irrespective of the result 不论结果如何Within time limit 在规定期限内Penalty 处罚High fines 重罚To be found short (missing/damaged) 短缺(灭失/受损)Final settlement of a claim 最终结案Financial capabilities 财力Payment will be made by 8 quarterly installments 每季度付一次,8期付清though the grand total was correct 虽说总计数没错Confidential 保密IMO International Maritime Organization 国际海事组织IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods CodeThe IMO recommendations for the carriage of dangerous goods by sea 国际海事组织危险品编码Incoterms a set of uniform rules codifying the interpretationof trade terms defining the rights and obligationof both buyer and seller 国际贸易术语解释通则To recognize the validity of the comments 注意到这些说法的合理性ECU European Currency Units。A financial unit used for EC accounting 欧元单位12. FMC-related Terms FMC相关术语‘The United States government takes the position that all practicesrelated to cargo moving via CHINA SHIPPING to or from the UnitedStates are subject to the rules of the United States government, eventhough the practice occurs in China or in some other place outsideThe United States, and even though the Merchant or agent never goes to the United States.’“美国政府的政策定位是凡‘中海’承运的美国进出口货物的运作均应受控于美国政府有关政策规定,即使此类运作仅发生在中国或在美国以外的国家或地方;抑或发货人或其代理从来就没有到过美国。”FMC Federal Maritime Commission 美国联邦海事委员会Enforcement Bureau FMC的执行局Coast Guard 美国海上警卫队CBP Customs and Border Protection 美国海关边防总署ICB International Carrier Bond 国际承运人保证金TIB Temporary Importation Bond 临时进口保证金For shipments entering the U.S. on temporary basisSurety 担保 (保证金)ATFI Automated Tariff Filing and Information System 自动费率报备系统TARIFF(RATE)FILING 费率(运价)报备AMENDMENT FILING 修改运价报备OSRA Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 1998航运改革法DPI Distribution-Publications Inc. 美国一家运价费率报备公司Violations 违规操作Penalty 罚款Suspend a carrier’tariff 吊销承运人运价本Compel production of documents and answers to questions 强行要求出具文件、单证;对所提问题作出答复Entering into a S/C with 与。。。签定服务合同Knowingly and willfully 明知故犯File a complaint 投诉Operating under an un-filed agreement 按未经报备的所谓合同进行运输Operating under an agreement that has yet to become effective under law按尚未生效的合约进行运输Misrating a bill of lading is a violation of the Shipping Act regardless of intent 无论动机是好或是不好,错定运价即是违反(84)航运法Unreasonable discrimination or preference 不合理的歧视和偏袒Unfair or unreasonable to deal 不公平或不合理的拒绝运输Retaliation 报复Monitor Carrier Rates 监督承运人运价Purpose - to prevent unreasonable discrimination among shippers. 目的-保护托运人免受不合理的歧视Require publication of tariff rates.要求公布运价本有船承运人和无船承运人Require filing of confidential service contract rates.要求对保密性的服务合同运价登记FMC does not approve rates.FMC不对运价进行审批Exception: controlled carriers.例外:受控承运人Petitioner request the Commission to determine whether CSA’s members have violatedthe Shipping Act through discriminatory service contracting and rating practices in theCaribbean trades that intentionally discriminate against OTIs in violation of sections 10…控方请求海事委员会裁定‘加勒比船东协会’成员公司采取签署旨在歧视远洋运输中介的服务合同和确定运价的做法是否违反了航运法第10节。。。NVOCC OTIs depend upon the member lines to transport their shipments, approximately 90% of which move under service contracts.远洋运输中介中的无船承运人得依靠成员公司承运货载,大约90%的货是采用服务合同运输的。Petitioner asserts that the member lines’ service contract offers to NVOs have Eliminated all commodity rates other than FAK and GDSM, thereby depriving NVOs of a rate basis on which to compete for full container load (FCL), single commodity shipments.控方认为公会成员公司给NVO签署的服务合同,仅保留了FAK和GDSM运价,其它所有货种的运价都被取消,从而剥夺了NVO赖以竞争的单一货种的整箱货的基价。
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