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高中英语专项突破完形填空语法知识运用能力(2)

发布时间：2020-05-04 12:10:50 来源：文档文库

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高中新课程完形填空的技能考查

技能考查简介

　　　普通高中课程改革英语学科教学指导意见指出：高中英课程的总目标之一是培养学生的综合语言运用能力；语言技能和语言知识是综合语言运用能力的基础。并因此而着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力；形成跨文化交际的意识和基本的跨文化交际能力。

高中英语考试说明的命题要求明确指出：“完形填空考查学生的阅读理解能力和词汇的综合运用能力，所选语言材料要有利于考生进行语篇分析，要保证本大题有较好的区分度。”

因此，高考完形填空题这种题型的设置是检验课程实施效果的方法之一。该题形要求高中生必须具备快速阅读理解一篇抽去相当数量词汇文章的内容领悟能力和分析推断能力，综合运用所学语法知识、词汇辨析能力，常识和逻辑推理能力，和具有一定的跨文化交际意识和能力。具体考查技能如下：

语法知识掌握能力：语法知识的考查主要体现在某些常见的语法结构和固定句式当中。

（一）语法知识

（二）固定短语与句式

（七）语法知识

语法知识：这一类形主要考察各类从句，分词，不定式，主谓一致，虚拟语气等等。

e.g. On that afternoon, 39 the math teacher started to introduce difficult concepts, dark clouds covered the sky, and the storm set in.

39. A. until B. since C. because D. as

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：那天下午，当数学老师开始介绍一些难懂的数学概念的时候，乌云密布，一场暴风雨来临了。as在句中引导时间状语从句，可与when互换。故选D。

一、小试牛刀：

1、Usually she 36 play in the small garden.

36. A. might B. should C. would D. must

2、It was a challenging time for everyone, 27 Dad remained optimistic.

27. A. or B. for C. so D. but

3、Farmer Mike’s house had been a great place for the little mouse 35 the farmer married a wife who had a cat.

　　35. A. although B. until C. whereas D. unless

4、You can’t blame others ___35___ you start with yourself.

35. A. although B. if C. when D. unless

5、__29__ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house.

29. A. When B. Until C. If D. Because

【答案解析】

1、【解析】C。考查情态动词。本题的提示词是usually, 根据语境这里应该表示一个小女孩的个人习惯，句子的意思是：通常她会在那个小花园里玩耍。故选择C。

2、【解析】D。考查并列句。句子的前半部分说旱灾对于每个人都是一种挑战，后半部分说父亲保持乐观，两者之间显然是一种转折关系，应该用连词but。

3、【解析】B。考查状语从句。根据Farmer Mike’s house had been a great place for the little mouse “ 农夫迈克的房子曾是这只小老鼠的好地方”和下一句中的the farmer married a wife who had a cat.可推知本空B项until正确。

4、【解析】D。考查状语从句。由句意：除非你从自己开始反思，否则你不能责备他人。

5、【解析】A。考查状语从句。由句意可知所填词引导时间状语从句，引导词意思是：当……的时候，选A。

二、基础巩固：

1、I love how peole 37 seem so different, but end up being so 38 .

37. A. need B. shall C. must D. can

38. A. generous B. independent C. similar D. distant

2、The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. It’s not so much about what I can get for myself; it’s about 55 we can all get by together.

55. A. when B. what C. whether D. how

3、By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of ___45 are still my best friends today.

45. A. us B. which C. them D. whom

4、The locals knew nothing about me, 43 slowly, they started teaching me the 44 of being a neighbor.
43. A. but B. although C. otherwise D. for

44. A. benefit B. lesson C. nature D. art

5、I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief __43__ I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day.

43. A. while B. since C. until D. when

【答案解析】

1、【解析】D。考查情态动词。A. need需要 B. shall 将，会； C. must必须； D. can可能。根据句意，可知作者是说‘看似不同的人，结果却有可能变得非常相似’，这里表示的一种‘可能性’，故选项D正确。

2、【解析】D。考查名词性从句。句意：美国梦不是关于我能为自己得到什么，而是关于我们所有人如何能够一起度过难关。about后面的从句不缺主语、宾语、表语，因此不选what；也没有是否(whether)的意思；也没有涉及时间问题（when），因此只能选how.

3、【解析】C。考查句子结构。这是一个由and连接的并列句，前后都是一个简单句，后半句中表达“其中有两人”，所以用two of them. 本句中如果前边没有and，那么就该选D whom，是指人的关系代词。故选C。

4、【解析】A。考查状语从句。句意：尽管当地人对我是一无所知，但是，他们却教我与邻居相处的艺术。很显然是一种转折关系。although尽管；虽然位置应该放在 “The locals knew nothing about me”之前。otherwise否则，不然；for因为，由于。它们都不符合。

5、【解析】 C。考查状语从句。此句意：直到自己身处培训之前，都不敢相信自己被录取了，用until，其他选项均不符合语境。

三、能力提高：

1、She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what she’s learned to other kids 53 she grew up.

53. A. until B. as C. when D. before

2、My entire experience was joyous and exciting 27 I received some shocking news from my program coordinator(协调人): there had been a death in my host parents’ extended family.

27. A. until B. when C. since D. while

3、And you’ll be __54__ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in __55__ own language. Good luck!

54. A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed

55. A. their B. his C. our D, your

4、 37 she loved her parents and her family, she desired to live in such a house and 38 all day about how wonderful and exciting 39 must feel to live there.

37. A. Unless B. Although C. Since D. But

38. A. dreamed B. worried C. asked D. shouted

39. A. this B. that C. it D. which

5、One sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods __26__ she realized that she was lost.

26. A. before B. since C. while D. as

【答案解析】

1、【解析】C。考查状语从句。根据句意：当她长大时，她想成为一名体操教练，把自己的所学交给其他孩子。

2、【解析】A。考查状语从句。根据句意可知他一直感觉很开心‘直到’令人震惊的消息传来，故选项A正确。

3、【解析】A。考查代词的用法。根据句内逻辑关系解题。前面说“the positive reaction of some people”，可知是说一些他们（their）自己的语言的词汇。

4、【解析】B。考查状语从句。根据句间逻辑关系解题。主句是she desired to live in such a house, 从句是she loved her parents and her family, 主句和从句的关系应该是让步关系，虽然她深爱着自己的父母和家人，但还是渴望住在那栋房子里。所以选择Although。

5、【解析】A。考查时间状语从句。句意是：她穿过一大片草地，只是她意识到自己迷路了，即在她意识到自己迷路之前她已经走过了一大片草地。选A。

四、终极挑战：

1、He could have made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse,___43__he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still__44___in this world.

43. A. so B. since C. although D. but

44. A. kindness B. happiness C. politeness D. brightness

2、 48 she got off her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the path 49 to the house and then on the house itself.

48. A. Until B. As C. While D. Because

49. A. getting B. introducing C. leading D. moving

3、Still shaky and unsure___36__to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look___37__

36. A. how B. who C. what D. which

37. A. mild B. honest C. calm D. modest

4、I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, 38 children from different races and religions played and studied 39 in harmony.

38. A. why B. which C. how D. when

39. A. together B. around C. alone D. apart

5、As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earring 29 I should keep it 30 somebody claimed (认领) it.

28. A. wave at B. drop off C. call on D. look for

29. A. ordering B. promising C. saying D. showing

30. A. in case B. or else C. as if D. now that

【答案解析】

1、【解析】D。考查并列句。抓住关键词，本句中的关键词为different，表达意义上的转折，故选择D。

2、【解析】B。考查状语从句。本句的解题关键在于主句中的谓语focused on the path和从句谓语got off the bike之间的逻辑关系。先下车再专心研究/看…，由此可知要选的从属连词为引导时间状语从句的，但是got of f her bike 为瞬间动词，而while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词应该是延续性的，所以否定C答案，选择B。