雅思入学测试

Section 1：Grammar (5 Mins)

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In this section, you will be given 5mins to do a multiple choice about grammar.

1. I ............ want to be a practising doctor but now I’m more interested in research.

A. was used to B. used to C. would

2. I finished my essay yesterday but ............ it in to the tutor yet.

A. I've given B. I haven't given C. I didn't give

3. When I arrived, the lecture ............, so I didn't find it easy to follow.

A. started B. had started C. had been starting

4. The government has released some ............ data showing how schools are not providing an adequate education to our children.

A. shocking B. shock C. shocked

5. The bookshop ............ the end of the road is excellent.

A. at B. on C. in

6. There were millions of people around the world ............ the football match live on television.

A. watched B. watching C. were watching

7. When you write your essays you ............ copy ideas from books without referencing them properly.

A. mustn't B. don't have to C. have to

8. What will you do if you ............ get a good IELTS score?

A. don't B. didn't C. won't

9. If I didn't have to work tonight, ............ able to relax now.

A. I’d be B. I’m C. I’ll be

10. I wish that man ............ tapping his fingers on the table. It's really annoying me.

A. stopped B. had stopped C. would stop

Section 2：Reading Comprehension (15 Mins)

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In this section, you will be given 15mins to do a reading comprehensive, first you read this passage and then answer those questions.

Crop-growing skyscrapers

By the year 2050, nearly 80% of the Earth’s population will live in urban centres. Applying the most conservative estimates to current demographic trends, the human population will increase by about three billion people by then. An estimated 109 hectares of new land (about 20% larger than Brazil) will be needed to grow enough food to feed them, if traditional farming methods continue as they are practised today. At present, throughout the world, over 80% of the land that is suitable for raising crops is in use. Historically, some 15% of that has been laid waste by poor management practices. What can be done to ensure enough food for the world’s population to live on?

The concept of indoor farming is not new, since hothouse production of tomatoes and other produce has been in vogue for some time. What is new is the urgent need to scale up this technology to accommodate another three billion people. Many believe an entirely new approach to indoor farming is required, employing cutting-edge technologies. One such proposal is for the ‘Vertical Farm’.

The concept is of multi-storey buildings in which food crops are grown in environmentally controlled conditions. Situated in the heart of urban centres, they would drastically reduce the amount of transportation required to bring food to consumers. Vertical farms would need to be efficient, cheap to construct and safe to operate. If successfully implemented, proponents claim, vertical farms offer the promise of urban renewal, sustainable production of a safe and varied food supply (through year-round production of all crops), and the eventual repair of ecosystems that have been sacrificed for horizontal farming.

It took humans 10,000 years to learn how to grow most of the crops we now take for granted. Along the way, we despoiled most of the land we worked, often turning verdant, natural ecozones into semi-arid deserts. Within that same time frame, we evolved into an urban species, in which 60% of the human population now lives vertically in cities. This means that, for the majority, we humans have shelter from the elements, yet we subject our food-bearing plants to the rigours of the great outdoors and can do no more than hope for a good weather year. However, more often than not now, due to a rapidly changing climate, that is not what happens. Massive floods, long droughts, hurricanes and severe monsoons take their toll each year, destroying millions of tons of valuable crops.

The supporters of vertical farming claim many potential advantages for the system. For instance, crops would be produced all year round, as they would be kept in artificially controlled, optimum growing conditions. There would be no weather-related crop failures due to droughts, floods or pests. All the food could be grown organically, eliminating the need for herbicides, pesticides and fertilisers. The system would greatly reduce the incidence of many infectious diseases that are acquired at the agricultural interface. Although the system would consume energy, it would return energy to the grid via methane generation from composting nonedible parts of plants. It would also dramatically reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping.

A major drawback of vertical farming, however, is that the plants would require artificial light. Without it, those plants nearest the windows would be exposed to more sunlight and grow more quickly, reducing the efficiency of the system. Singlestorey greenhouses have the benefit of natural overhead light: even so, many still need artificial lighting.

A multi-storey facility with no natural overhead light would require far more. Generating enough light could be prohibitively expensive, unless cheap, renewable energy is available, and this appears to be rather a future aspiration than a likelihood for the near future.

One variation on vertical farming that has been developed is to grow plants in stacked trays that move on rails. Moving the trays allows the plants to get enough sunlight. This system is already in operation, and works well within a single-storey greenhouse with light reaching it from above: it is not certain, however, that it can be made to work without that overhead natural light.

Vertical farming is an attempt to address the undoubted problems that we face in producing enough food for a growing population. At the moment, though, more needs to be done to reduce the detrimental impact it would have on the environment, particularly as regards the use of energy. While it is possible that much of our food will be grown in skyscrapers in future, most experts currently believe it is far more likely that we will simply use the space available on urban rooftops.

Complete the sentences below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Indoor farming

1. Some food plants, including __________________, are already grown indoors.

2. Vertical farms would be located in __________________, meaning that there would be less need to take them long distances to customers.

3. Vertical farms could use methane from plants and animals to produce ________

__________.

4. The consumption of __________________ would be cut because agricultural vehicles would be unnecessary.

5. The fact that vertical farms would need _______________ light is a disadvantage.

6. One form of vertical farming involves planting in __________________ which are not fixed.

7. The most probable development is that food will be grown on _______________ in towns and cities.

Section 3：Listening (15 Mins)

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Questions 1-6

Complete the notes below.

Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

Questions 5 and 6

Choose TWO letters A-E.

Which two things are included of the tour?

A. fishing trip

B. guided bushwalk

C. reptile park entry

D. table tennis

E. tennis

Questions 7-10

Complete the sentences below

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

7. The tour costs $______

8. Bookings must be made no late than __________ days in advance.

9. A __________ deposit is required.

10. The customer’s reference number is __________.

Section 4：Writing (20 Mins)

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You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The government’s funds should be invested in teaching science rather than other subjects so as to help a country make progress and develop.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 150 words.

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