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Module 4 单元检测题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共150分。考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)
第一部分 听力
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Scientists at Royal Holloway, University of London and Queen Mary, University of London have discovered that bees learn to fly the shortest possible route between flowers even if they discover the flowers in a different order. Bees are effectively solving the “traveling salesman problem”， and they are the first creatures found to do this.
The traveling salesman must find the shortest route that allows him to visit all locations on his route. Computers solve it by comparing the length of all possible routes and choosing the shortest, and it can keep computers busy for days. However, bees solve it without computer assistance using a brain the size of grass seed. Dr. Nigel Raine, from the School of Biological Sciences at Royal Holloway explains，“Bees solve traveling salesman problems every day. They visit flowers at multiple locations and because bees use lots of energy to fly, they find a route which keeps flying to a minimum.”
The team used the computer to control artificial flowers to test whether bees would follow a route defined by the order in which they discovered the flowers or if they would find the shortest route. After exploring the location of the flowers, bees quickly learned to fly the shortest route.
As well as improving our understanding of how bees move around the landscape pollinating (授粉) crops and wild flowers，this research，which is due to be published in The American Naturalist, has other applications. Our lifestyle relies on networks such as traffic on the roads, information flow on the Web and business supply chains. By understanding how bees can solve their problems with such a tiny brain, we can improve our management of these everyday networks without needing lots of computer time. Dr. Raine adds，“Despite their tiny brains，bees are capable of extraordinary feats of behavior. We need to understand how they can solve the traveling salesman problem without a computer.”
语篇解读：英国的科学家发现，蜜蜂在花丛中飞行时，总是能够找到最近的路线，这个“销售员旅行难题”即使用电脑也需要好几天才能解决。
21．What would be the best title of the passage?
A．Bees help salesmen travel
B．Tiny brained bees solve a complex mathematical problem
C．How bees discover the flowers
D．How to solve the “traveling salesman problem”
答案：B 主旨大意题。“销售员旅行难题”用计算机也需要好几天才能解决，而蜜蜂毫不费力地就能在花丛中找到最近的飞行路线，故B项“具有微小大脑的蜜蜂解决复杂的数学难题”作为文章的标题最贴切。
22．We may infer from the second paragraph that the “traveling salesman problem”________．
A．can be solved by a computer easily
B．can't even he solved by a computer
C．can puzzle both people and computers
D．remains to be solved by scientists
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，销售员在出发之前必须找到合适的路线，这个“销售员旅行难题”即使用电脑也需要好几天才能解决。
23．The main purpose of the last paragraph is to________
A．provide further proof for the research
B．tell us how bees can fly the shortest route between flowers
C．tell us how the research about bees' flying route was conducted
D．explain the importance of the research
答案：D 推理判断题。最后一段说明了蜜蜂飞行路线研究的意义和目的，是为了帮助我们在实际生活中更好地节省时间和精力。
24．It can be concluded from the passage that ________.
A．all creatures are smarter than computers
B．the research about bees' flying route can be applied to many fields
C．our networks are more complex than bees' ones
D．with the help of the computer we can find out how bees can solve the “traveling salesman problem”
答案：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可以推断出对蜜蜂飞行路线的研究可以应用到其他领域中。
B
A high school in Hiroshima City has been the first to do something with DNA in the world. Its students have won praise not only for doing this research but also for presenting their findings to groups of expert scientists. The school is one of the Super Science High Schools allowed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, where students are given an opportunity to study science at an advanced level. Here, students use the same type of hitech experimental laboratories as those found at universities. In these labs, they conduct experiments and research in new fields of study not found in textbooks. As part of this science course, the students, with the help of Hiroshima University, used a machine called sequencer(音序器)，and over the course of a year and a half they succeeded in decoding(翻译)the DNA. They then presented their results to academic groups. Achieving a world first might sound very wonderful, but the process of decoding the DNA involved very hard work. The students were also responsible for maintaining the equipment, and they had to read difficult research papers and put in extra study beyond their regular schoolwork.
“Researchers need to work hard. The work was tiring, but the students worked towards their ambitious goal of achieving a world first. They have a great sense of achievement, and the number of students who hope to become biologists has increased，” said Taruma Akinori, who is in charge of the science course.
In addition to the results being added to the scientific community, the students' research paper will be translated into English and made available overseas. Moreover, the students have decided to take on a new challenge in DNA decoding.
语篇解读：Hiroshima城市的一所高中是首次进行DNA研究的学校。学生的研究成果不仅得到人们的赞誉，而且也得到专家们的肯定。
25．Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?
A．Decoding the Blueprint of Life
B．Super Science High School
C．More Students Hoping to Become Biologists
D．Hitech Experimental Laboratory
答案：A 主旨大意题。本文讲述了某中学学生们成功解译DNA的事迹，B项没有突出主旨，而C、D两项是文章中的某个细节，只有A项“解译生命的蓝图”最符合。
26．Up to a point, their success is due to________
A．hitech experimental facilities
B．the great pressure their school put on them
C．the increasing number of biologists
D．little interest in their regular schoolwork
答案：A 细节理解题。第一段对该校硬件水平进行了具体描述，由此可知高科技实验设备是帮助学生取得成功的原因之一。B项所说的学校给学生施加的巨大压力和D项所说的学生们对学校作业没有兴趣，在文中没有体现；由第二段第三句可知C项错。
27．The research paper will be put into English in order to________.
A．become an English textbook
B．help the students make English friends
C．make the results known to the whole world
D．challenge foreign scientists
答案：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段．.. the students' research paper will be translated into English and made available overseas.可知学生论文译成英语后会得到世界性的了解和认可，故C项正确。
28．The author's attitude towards those students who have accomplished a world first in DNA decoding is________.
A．indifferent B．admiring
C．slighting D．disappointed
答案：B 观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者对成功解译DNA的中学生充满赞赏，对他们付出的努力给予高度评价，因此选B。A(漠然的)，C(轻视的)和D(失望的)均错。
C
Thomas Alva Edison was awarded more patents(专利)on inventions than another American. When he died in 1931, Americans wondered how they could best show their respect for him. One suggestion was that the nation observe a minute or two of total blackout. All electric power could be shut off in homes, streets, and factories.
Perhaps this suggested plan made Americans realize fully what Edison and his invention meant to them. Electric power was too important to the country. Shutting it off for even a short time would have led to complete confusion. A blackout was out of the question.
On the day of Edison's funeral, many people silently dimmed their lights. In this way they honored the man who had done more than anyone else to put the great force of electricity at his country people's fingertips.
29．People decided to honor Edison when________.
A．he made the first electric light
B．electric power was 100 years old
C．the country realized electricity's importance
D．he died in 1931
答案：D 细节题。根据第一段第二句“When he died in 1931, Americans wondered how they could best show their respect for him. one suggestion was that the national observes a minute or two of total blackout.”可知人们在他去世时想表示对他的尊敬。故选D。
30．The suggested plan was to________.
A．turn off the lights in factories and schools
B．observe a few minutes of total silence
C．dim all electric lights
D．shut off all electricity for a short time
答案：D 细节题。根据第一段中“Americans wondered how they could best show their respect for him. One suggestion was that the nation observe a minute or two of total blackout. All electric power would be shut off in homes, streets, and factories.”可知有人建议全国大断电。故选D。
31．Americans fully realized what Edison's inventions meant when they________.
A．heard of his death
B．heard of the plan to honor him
C．first used electric power
D．tried to carry out the plan
答案：B 细节题。根据第二段“Perhaps this suggested plan made Americans realize fully what Edison and his invention meant to them. Electric power was too important to the country.”可知人们充分认识到电的重要和爱迪生的贡献。故选B。
32. This passage was probably written to________.
A．tell about Edison's inventions
B．explain electricity
C．prove that people wished to honor Edison
D．show what a great Edison was
答案：C 主旨题。根据第三段第二句“In this way they honored the man who had done more than anyone else to put the great force of electricity at his country people's fingertips.”
D
There is a story about how Albert Einstein was travelling to universities, giving lectures on his famous theory of relativity(相对论). One day while on their way to a university, the driver said, “Dr. Einstein, I've heard that lecture more than 30 times. I have learned it by heart and bet(打赌)I could give it myself.”
“Well, I'll give you the chances，”said Einstein, “they don't know me at the next school. So when we get there, I'll put on your cap and you introduce yourself as me and give the lecture.”
The driver gave Einstein's lecture so wonderfully that he didn't make any mistakes.
When he finished, he started to leave, but one of the professors stopped him and asked him a question which was very difficult. The driver thought fast. “The answer to that question is so simple，”he said, “I'm surprised you have to ask me, in fact, to show you just how simple it is, I'm going to ask my driver to come up here and answer your question.”
33．The driver asked Albert Einstein to give him a chance to give lectures because________.
A．he thought the theory of relativity simple
B．he didn't understand the theory of relativity at all
C．he had heard the lecture so many times that he could recite it
D．he wanted to show how well he understood the theory of relativity
答案：C 细节题。由第一段中“I've heard that lecture more than 30 times. I have learned it by heart and bet(打赌)I could give it myself.”可知司机和他开玩笑说他听过很多次，他也可以演讲了。
34．________and he let driver have a try.
A．Albert Einstein was a very kind man
B．Albert Einstein knew it was impossible for the driver to give the lecture
C．Albert Einstein knew the driver was able to give the lecture
D．Albert Einstein wanted to make fun of the driver
答案：D 推断题。根据上下文可知爱因斯坦想和他开玩笑。
35．The professor________， so he asked him the question.
A．regarded the driver as Einstein
B．knew the driver wasn't Einstein himself
C．wanted to test Einstein's knowledge
D．wanted to know if the driver was Einstein himself
答案：A 推断题。根据最后一段“When he finished, he started to leave, but one of the professors stopped hm and asked him a question which was very difficult.”可知教授不认识爱因斯坦把司机错认为爱因斯坦，故选A。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Boris，
__36__
After I had spent a week with my English family, I slowly began to understand their English a little better. __37__ Students in my group are from different cities of Britain and their dialects (方言) are different too! Some of their accents are quite strong and they also have their own words and expressions.
__38__ Before I came to England I had thought that fish and chips were eaten every day. That's quite wrong! I get rather annoyed now when I hear all the foolish words about typical English food.
I had expected to see “London fog”. Do you remember our texts about it? We had no idea that most of this “thick fog” disappeared many years ago when people stopped using coal in their homes. But the idea to speak about weather was very helpful. __39__ On the other hand, habits are different. People tell me what is typical British here in London is not always typical in Wales or Scotland __40__.
But what is ordinary for all British is that they follow traditions (传统). Probably Britain has more living signs of its past than many other countries. And people have always been proud of having ancient (古老) buildings in capitals, big cities and the countryside.
I will tell you more about Britain in my other letters.
Love from Britain.
Peter
A．The weather in London is really changeable.
B．I have difficulty in understanding my classmates.
C．Thanks for your nice letter.
D．The family I live with are friendly.
E．It's very different from what I learned at school.
F．Local habits and traditions are not the same as what we knew.
G．But it's not the language that's different and surprising.
答案：36～40 CEGAF
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full __41__ of the facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not __42__ on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority(权威) as the only __43__ for truth. He always __44__ ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.
The rise of __45__ science may be considered to __46__ back as far as the __47__ of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived __48__ the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle__49__ to suggest that we should learn science __50__ observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself __51__ many important discoveries.
Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later，was the greatest of several great men，__52__ lived in Italy, France, Germany or England, and began by __53__ to show how many important __54__ could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more __55__ towards the earth than small ones，__56__ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the__57__ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa，let fall two__58__ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo's__59__ of going direct to Nature, and proving our__60__ and theories by experiments, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.
41.A．use B．time
C．speed D．trust
答案：A make full use of为固定短语，意为“充分利用”，这里指“充分利用他所观察的事实”。
42．A.worked B．based
C．lived D．written
答案：B be based on“以……为依据”，这里指“以明显的事实为依据”。
43．A.reason B．cause
C．advice D．result
答案：A 好的科学家不认为权威就是真理的理由。reason“理由，原因”，符合语境。
44．A.thinks B．checks
C．has D．learns
答案：B 他总是仔细审核观点并做实验来验证。check“检查；核实”，符合语境。
45．A.natural B．physical
C．ancient D．modern
答案：D 从本文最后一句可以推知，此处应该是指“现代”科学。
46．A.date B．keep
C．look D．take
答案：A date back(to...)为固定短语，意为“追溯到……”，符合语境。keep back“阻止”；look back“回顾”；take back“收回”。
47．A.study B．time
C．year D．birth
答案：B 现代科学的兴起或许可以追溯到罗杰·培根时期。time在此处意为“时代；时期”。
48．A.both B．each
C．between D．among
答案：C 根据上下文，此处指的是生活在1214年和1292年之间，而不是生活在这两年，且”between...and...”为固定搭配。
49．A.Schools B．Ages
C．Days D．Countries
答案：B age此处意为“时代，时期”。the Middle Ages“中世纪”。
50．A.in B．with
C．on D．by
答案：D 我们应该通过对周围的事情进行观察和实验来学习科学。on和by都有“靠，凭借”的意思，by后接动名词，符合语境；on后常接名词或代词。
51．A.did B．made
C．took D．gave
答案：B 培根自己也有很多重大发现。make a discovery为固定短语，意为“做出发现”。
52．A.who B．when
C．that D．where
答案：A 此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是several great men，故用who引导。
53．A.ways B．degrees
C．levels D．chance
答案：B by degrees为固定短语，相当于gradually，意为“渐渐地，逐渐地”。
54．A.truths B．problems
C．people D．subjects
答案：A 根据语境，此处指通过观察、实验来发现“真理”，故选A项。
55．A.slowly B．rapidly
C．lightly D．heavily
答案：B 在伽利略之前的学者认为，大的物体比小的物体降落速度快，故用rapidly“迅速地”。
56．A.when B．because
C．although D．if
答案：B 当时的人们把亚里士多德当作权威，因此人们对他的观点深信不疑。because引导原因状语从句。
57．A.place B．foot
C．top D．ceiling
答案：C 此处指这一实验是在比萨斜塔的顶上进行的，故选top。place“位置；地方”；foot“底部”；ceiling“天花板”。
58．A.big B．small
C．equal D．unequal
答案：D 根据上文所述，人们相信大物体总比小物体下落快。为了推翻亚里士多德的这一观点，伽利略到比萨斜塔的顶部同时放下两个“体积不等”的石块。
59．A.spirit B．skill
C．theory D．discovery
答案：A 从上文可以看出，这就是伽利略直接走向大自然的精神。spirit“精神”。
60．A.plans B．opinions
C．world D．ability
答案：B 伽利略通过实验证明我们的观点和理论的精神引领了所有现代科学的发现。opinion“观点”。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)
第二节 (共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
Keeping a diary in English is one of the__61__(effect) ways to improve our English writing ability.
__62__(compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes__63__time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. __64__we persist in this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many__65__. In the first place, __66__often happens that we have trouble finding appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly.
As far as I __67__(concern), my__68__(suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese－English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary. We can also turn__69__our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is__70__great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills.
61．______ 62.______ 63.______ 64.______ 65.______
66．______ 67.______ 68.______ 69.______ 70.______
答案：
61．effective 此处应该用形容词修饰名词ways。
62．Compared it(日记)与compare之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词做状语。
63．less 根据前面出现的shorter可知，此处应用比较级。
64．If if引导条件状语从句，表示如果我们坚持这种练习。
65．difficulties 坚持用英语记日记，肯定会遇到很多困难。
66．it it在此处做形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
67．am concerned as far as I am concerned是固定短语，意为“就我而言”。
68．suggestion 此处应该用名词做主语。
69．to turn to sb for help是固定搭配，意为“向某人求助”。
70．of of great use相当于very useful。
【辽宁卷题型】
A：How do you use an ATM card, Billy?
B：It's easy, grandpa. Insert your card__61__the machine here. Then wait__62__moment. Ok. Now you enter your PIN. It__63__have four numbers.
A：Oh yes. I've got it written down here. Just a minute.
B：You really shouldn't write__64__down. You should memorise it. You can change it to a __65__ convenient number if you like.
A：Ok, I've entered my PIN. There are several__66__(option) on the screen. I guess I just__67__(choice) which service I want, don't I ?
B：Yes. Choose the service you need to use. If you choose to withdraw money, the machine__68__(ask) you how much you want.
A：I can just enter the amount__69__(use) the key, right?
B：That's right. Give the machine a moment to process your request. Then take your money.
A：These machines aren't very difficult to use. In fact, I quite like them. They are much faster__70__dealing with a bank clerk.
61．______ 62.______ 63.______ 64.______ 65.______
66．______ 67.______ 68.______ 69.______ 70.______
答案：
61．into 考查介词用法。insert sth. into 意为： 把……插入……。
62．a 考查冠词用法。wait a moment意为：等一会儿。
63．should 考查情态动词用法。should意为：应该。
64．it 考查代词用法。it代指上文提到的有your PIN。
65．more 考查比较级。此处为和上文相比较，因此用more。
66．options 考查名词用法。several 修饰限定可数名词复数。
67．choose 考查动词的形式。choice的动词用choose。
68．will ask 考查时态。if 条件状语从句中用一般时，主句中用将来时。
69．using 考查非谓语动词。此处using为现在分词作方式状语。
70．than 考查介词用法。前面有faster，因此此处用than。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It was cold day in winter. An ant is bringing out some corns he had gathered in summer. A grasshopper, who was dying of hunger, seeing the ant and asked him of some corn. The ant looked at the grasshopper and asked him how he hadn't stored up some in summer. The grasshopper told the ant that he had been very much busy in summer but he hadn't. The ant asked him what he had done. The grasshopper replied that he had sung all summer. The ant said angry to him that he could sing all winter as he had done all summer.
答案：
It was cold day in winter. An ant
bringing out some
he had gathered in summer. A grasshopper, who was dying of hunger,
the ant and asked him
some corn. The ant looked at the grasshopper and asked him
he hadn't stored up
in summer. The grasshopper told the ant that he had been very much busy in summer
he hadn't. The ant asked him what he had done. The grasshopper replied that he had sung all summer. The ant said
to him that he could sing all winter as he had done all summer.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
根据下列材料，写一篇关于物理学家吴健雄的简介。词数：120个左右。
(1)吴健雄，美籍华裔物理学家，1912年5月31日生于江苏省太仓县；
(2)1936年赴美国留学，1940年获美国加利福尼亚大学博士学位，之后又获得许多美国著名高等学府的博士学位；
(3)她长期从事物理学研究并在美国及国际上多次荣获大奖；
(4)吴健雄生前关心中国科技事业的发展，从1973年起多次来中国讲学，1992年在南京大学建立了吴健雄图书馆；
(5)1997年2月16日，吴健雄女士因心脏病逝世。
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参考范文：
Wu Jianxiong, a female ChineseAmerican physicist, was born in Taicang County, Jiangsu Province on May 31st, 1912. She went to the USA for further education in 1936. Four years later, she got the doctor's degree in California University. After that she received lots of doctor's degrees in many famous universities in the USA. She devoted her life to her research in physics and won many prizes in the USA and all around the world. She had paid much attention to the development of science and technology in China, and she had been back to hold lectures many times since 1973. She set up a library under her name in Nanjing University in 1992. On February 16th, 1997, she died of heart disease.
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