[新编]2019-2020人教版七年级数学上册期末考试测试卷及答案

发布时间:2019-12-17 22:01:16   来源:文档文库   
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一、选择题 (本题共12个小题,每小题3分,共36分.将正确答案的字母填入方框中)

1a223b986125e674d2764c0d2b3aa4055.png等于(

A.-2 B7ddf743a44884d9bbc8c1789b835ac41.png C2 D93b05c90d14a117ba52da1d743a43ab1.png

2已知x = 0是关于x的方程5x4m = 8的解,则 m 的值是(

A27abf3c3c0ceec6fce6416dc3fcf1951.png B27abf3c3c0ceec6fce6416dc3fcf1951.png C2 D 2

3下列方程为一元一次方程的是( ) This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

Ay3= 0 Bx2y3 Cx2=2x Db4272f1efe36e8fa1fb15e18216903ac.pngThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

4下列各组数中,互为相反数的是( )

A136154b097997304d7ec405bf494f68f.png1 B.(-121 Ce5d14cb6bcd216da624efa165bc20cf9.png1 D.-121

5下列各组单项式中,为同类项的是( )

Aa26a99f9b2f21ca3ba6f222efa40c7958.pnga272ba5cfd2789d670bc65e40587345c3.png B93b05c90d14a117ba52da1d743a43ab1.pnga272ba5cfd2789d670bc65e40587345c3.png2a272ba5cfd2789d670bc65e40587345c3.png C2xy2x D.-3a

6如图,数轴AB上两点分别对应实数ab,则下列结论正确的是

Aab>0 Bab >0 Cc140570d17688caa710da44208ff22f5.png Dc140570d17688caa710da44208ff22f5.png

7下列各图中,可以是一个正方体的平面展开图的是( )This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

word/media/image18.gif

8如图,钟表830分时,时针与分针所成的角的度数为(

A30° B90° C60° D75°

word/media/image19.gif9在灯塔O观测到轮船M位于北偏西54°的方向,同时轮船N在南偏东15°的方向,那么MON的大小为 ( )

A69° B111° C141° D159°This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

10一件毛衣先按成本提高30%标价,再以6折(标价的60%)出售,结果获

20元,若设这件毛衣的成本是x元,根据题意,可得到的方程是( )

A(130%)x×60%x20 B(130%)x×60%x20

C(130%x)×60%x20 D(130%x)×60%x20

11轮船沿江从P港顺流行驶到Q港,比从Q港返回P港少用3小时,若船速为26千米/时,水速为2千米/时,求P港和Q港相距多少千米.设P港和Q港相距x千米.根据题意,可列出的方程是

Ac140570d17688caa710da44208ff22f5.png B29e71f5f1798851d958c981165177bce.png Ccddf02fce3e91f341847443cdccf534f.png Dcd6b198615e0300c2286f61d83d42812.png

12填在下面各正方形中的四个数之间都有相同的规律,根据这种规律,A的值应是

word/media/image24.gif

A110 B158 C168 D178

二、填空题(本大题共8个小题;每小题3分,共24分.把答案写在题中横线上)

133的倒数是________ This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

14单项式7ddf743a44884d9bbc8c1789b835ac41.pngxy2的系数是_________This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

15x=2是方程82x=ax的解,则a=_________This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

16计算:15°37′+42°51′=_________This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

17青藏高原是世界上海拔最高的高原,它的面积约为2 500 000平方千米2 500 000用科学记数法表示应为_________________平方千米

18已知,ab=2,那么2a2b+5=_________This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

19已知y1=x3y2=2x,当x=_________时,y1y25

20根据图中提供的信息,可知一个杯子的价格是________

word/media/image25.gif

三、解答题(本大题共8个小题;共60分)This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

21(本小题满分6分)计算:(1)3eca3bf81573307ec3002cf846390d363.png×[2(3)272ba5cfd2789d670bc65e40587345c3.png]

This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

22(本小题满分6分)

一个角的余角比这个角的93b05c90d14a117ba52da1d743a43ab1.png30°,请你计算出这个角的大小.

23(本小题满分7分)This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

先化简,再求值:eca3bf81573307ec3002cf846390d363.png(-4x2+2x8)-(93b05c90d14a117ba52da1d743a43ab1.pngx1),其中x=93b05c90d14a117ba52da1d743a43ab1.png

This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

24(本小题满分7分) 解方程:827614c8d2467cafc70809be014bec00.pnge9a1b718f73389aef0e3e30851db0f52.png=1

25(本小题满分8分)This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

一点A从数轴上表示+2的点开始移动,第一次先向左移动1个单位,再向右移动2个单位;第二次先向左移动3个单位,再向右移动4个单位;第三次先向左移动5个单位,再向右移动6个单位……

1)写出第一次移动后这个点在数轴上表示的数为 This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

2)写出第二次移动结果这个点在数轴上表示的数为 This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

3)写出第五次移动后这个点在数轴上表示的数为 This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

4)写出第n次移动结果这个点在数轴上表示的数为 This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

5)如果第m次移动后这个点在数轴上表示的数为56,求m的值This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

word/media/image34.gif26(本小题满分8分)This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

如图,AOB=COD=90°OC平分AOBBOD=3DOE

求:COE的度数

27(本小题满分8分)

word/media/image35.gif 如图,已知线段ABCD的公共部分BD=7964c6a339acf2ddea25a5ef0552b97e.pngAB=eca3bf81573307ec3002cf846390d363.pngCD,线段ABCD的中点EF之间距离是10cm,求ABCD的长.

28(本小题满分10分)

在学校的一次劳动中,在甲处劳动的有27人,在乙处劳动的有19人,后因劳动任务需要,需要另外调20人来支援,使在甲处的人数是在乙处人数的2倍,问应分别调往甲、乙两处各多少人?

参考答案

一、选择题(每小题3分,共36分)

1C 2D 3A4D5B6. D7C8D9C10. B11A12B.

二、填空题(每题3分,共24分)

1355deec8385928777f1cdd8a667f0cad0.png147ddf743a44884d9bbc8c1789b835ac41.png1521658°28′172.5×106189192208.

三、解答题(共60分)This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

21解:原式= 1eca3bf81573307ec3002cf846390d363.png×29 ………………………………………………………3

=1+ b0cdadb8bdea36abcccdd0db8a2358bc.png …………………………………………………………………………5

=9df743fb4a026d67e85ab08111c4aedd.png ……………………………………………………………………………6

22解:设这个角的度数为x. ……………………………………………………………1

由题意得: 37f2bf5b254e7c2f40a9990c94084143.png ………………………………………………3

解得:x=80 …………………………………………………………………5

答:这个角的度数是80° ……………………………………………………………6

23解:原式 =46d1439493930f1d07447aa38b5a38b4.png ………………………………………………3

=7b69b84a7f3fbfa6239b5f623b6f88ce.png ………………………………………………………………4

x=93b05c90d14a117ba52da1d743a43ab1.png代入原式:This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

原式=7b69b84a7f3fbfa6239b5f623b6f88ce.png=3b9d40bca3f1290491ecb4111babee5b.png……………………………………………………………5

=94bc85b7678c72c91cec63f0433b4440.png ……………………………………………………………………………7

24解:ec8b0feb9fe3cd56402d743bf8312c9f.png. ……………………………………………2

22a57271e1a43f2403b1eb1b37897c78.png. ………………………………………………………4

8x=3. …………………………………………………………6

bc21fb76df11db348ede6e06c61f940f.png. …………………………………………………………7

This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

25解:(1)第一次移动后这个点在数轴上表示的数是3 ……………………………1

2第二次移动后这个点在数轴上表示的数是4 ……………………………2

3第五次移动后这个点在数轴上表示的数是7 ……………………………4

4n次移动后这个点在数轴上表示的数是n+2 …………………………6

554. ………………………………………………………………………8

26解:∵∠AOB=90°OC平分AOBThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

∴∠BOC=93b05c90d14a117ba52da1d743a43ab1.pngAOB=45°, ………………………………………………………2

∵∠BOD=CODBOC=90°-45°=45°, ………………………………4

BOD=3DOE

∴∠DOE=15 ……………………………………………………………………7

∴∠COE=CODDOE=90°-15°=75° …………………………………8

27解:设BD=xcm,则AB=3xcmCD=4xcmAC=6xcm …………………………1

E、点F分别为ABCD的中点,

AE=93b05c90d14a117ba52da1d743a43ab1.pngAB=1.5xcmCF=93b05c90d14a117ba52da1d743a43ab1.pngCD=2xcm ……………………………………………3

EF=ACAECF=2.5xcm ………………………………………………………4

EF=10cmThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

∴2.5x=10,解得:x=4 ………………………………………………………………6

AB=12cmCD=16cm ……………………………………………………………8

2810分)在学校的一次劳动中,在甲处劳动的有27人,在乙处劳动的有19人,后因劳动任务需要,需要另外调20人来支援,使在甲处的人数是在乙处人数的2倍,问应分别调往甲、乙两处各多少人?

解:设应调往甲处x,依题意得:This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

5e84352e993fd81f90574a1f0add00a3.png…………………………………………………………………4 This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

f486b5128d65e046c1a70b9074946bb2.png=38+40-29dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.png ……………………………………………………………………………5

9dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.png+29dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.png=38+40-27 …………………………………………………………………6This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

39dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.png=51 (7) 9dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.png=17…………………………………………………………………8

209dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.png=3 ……………………………………………………………………………9

应调往甲处17人,调往乙处3人.………………………………………………………10

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