作业1答案

Ⅰ．Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese：(10％)

1．foreign currency reserves

2．customs clearance

3．foreign exchange shortage

4．documentary credit

5．utmost good faith

6．1egal entity

7．hedge

8．escape clause

9．European Commission

10．portfolio investment

Ⅱ．Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English：(10％)

11．基础设施

12．专业化

13．集装箱

14．金融市场

15．商业风险

16．贴现率

17．所得税

18．反倾销

19．产地证书

20．关税待遇

Ⅲ．Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right：(10％)

21．counterpart a．a set of international rules for interpretation of trade terms

22．reserve b．right to the possession of a position or property

23．distribution c．getting goods off a carrier

24．unload d．money held aside to meet future demand

25．title e．soaring of prices beyond control

26．drawer f. the marketin9，transportin9，and selling of any item

27．hyperinflation g. a natural gift or ability

28．Incoterms h．right to reject or forbid something

29．endowment i．the person who issues a draft，usually the exporter

30．veto j．a person or thing that closely resemble another in position or function

IV．Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English：(10％)

31．bill of exchange

32．tariff

33．counter trade

34．hard loan

35．FDI

Ⅴ．Answer the following questions in English：(20％)

36．What are the tenet and objectives of APEC?

37．Are there other bases for trade when there are no differences among countries in production conditions? Mention some of the bases．

38．How are exchange rates published daily? What quote does China use?

39．Briefly explain the Generalized System of Preference．

Ⅵ. Translate the following into Chinese：(15％)

40．BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project．For a BOT project，a firm operates a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company．Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project．Needless to say，the contractor has to bear the financial and other risks that may occur in the period of operation．

41．While many people are acclaiming the benefits brought about by economic globalization，there are also loud voices of opposition．Economic globalization enables countries to benefit from the boom of other countries but also makes them more vulnerable to the adverse events across the globe．But like it or not，it has become an objective trend in the world economic development. The best policy for us is to follow the trend closely．availing the opportunities it offers develop ourselves and avoiding its possible impacts．

Ⅶ．Translate the following into English：(25％)

42. 国际贸易指不同国家间进行的交易，它涉及到更多因素，因而比国内贸易复杂得多。

43．买方发出的询盘是为了获得拟定购商品的有关信息，它对发出询盘的人无约束力。

44．要么因为信用证金额过大，要么因为对开证行不完全信任，出口商可能有时需要保兑的信用证。

45．保险是一种风险转移机制。通过保险个人或企业可以将生活中的不确定因素转移给其他人。

46．直接在国外经营提高一个公司产品的能见度，使当地客户对他们所购的商品更加放心。

Ⅰ．Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese：(10％)

1．外汇储备

2．结关

3．外汇短缺

4．跟单信用证

5．最大诚信

6．法人实体

7．套期保值

8．免责条款

9．欧盟委员会

10．证券投资

Ⅱ．Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English：(10％)

11．infrastructure

12．specialization

13．container

14．financial market

15．commercial risk

16．discount rate

17．income tax

18．anti-dumping

19．certificate of origin

20．tariff treatment

Ⅲ．Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right：(10％)

21．j

22．d

23．f

24．c

25．b

26．i

27．e

28．a

29．g

30．h

IV．Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English：(10％)

31．(汇票)a document, usually negotiable, containing an instruction to a third party to pay a stated sum of money at a designated future date or on demand

32．tax levied on a commodity when it crosses the boundary of a customs area

33．exchanging goods or services which are paid for, in whole or part, with other goods or services, rather than with money

34．loan with good repayment prospects

35．foreign direct investment

Ⅴ．Answer the following questions in English：(20％)

36．The tenet and objectives of APEC are "inter-dependence, mutual benefits（2分） and adhering to an open and multilateral trading system and reduction of regional trade barriers "(3分).

37．Yes, there(2分)． Patterns of demand, economies of scale, and innovation or variety of style serve as other bases for trade (3分).

38．Exchange rates are published daily in two ways: direct quote and indirect quote(1分). In a direct quote, an amount of foreign currency, usually one unit or one hundred units is taken as the standard and the equivalent amount of the home currency is marked after it(2分). In an indirect quote, one unit or one hundred units of the home currency is taken as the standard and the equivalent amount of a foreign currency is given after it. China uses the direct quote(2分).

39．T he Generalized System of Preference is meant to assist developing countries in their economic development efforts(2分)．Under the system, developed countries grant developing countries favorable lower tariffs and the developing countries don't have to reciprocate such favorable treatment to the developed countries(3分).

Ⅵ. Translate the following into Chinese：(15％)

40．BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project．For a BOT project，a firm operates a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company．Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project．Needless to say，the contractor has to bear the financial and other risks that may occur in the period of operation．

Bot 是交钥匙工程的一种流行的变通方式。在BOT工程中，公司在工程竣工后可经营一段时间，最终将其转交外国公司。 BOT与普通交钥匙工程的主要不同之处就在于承包人可在工程转交前经营一段时间获得利润。当然，承包人在经营阶段要承担可能发生的金融风险和其他风险。

41．While many people are acclaiming the benefits brought about by economic globalization，there are also loud voices of opposition．Economic globalization enables countries to benefit from the boom of other countries but also makes them more vulnerable to the adverse events across the globe．But like it or not，it has become an objective trend in the world economic development. The best policy for us is to follow the trend closely．availing the opportunities it offers develop ourselves and avoiding its possible impacts．

在许多人为经济全球化所带来的利益喝彩时，也有人在激烈地表示反对。 经济全球化使得国家从其他国家的繁荣中得益，同时使得自身更加容易受到全球性不利事件的影响。但是无论喜欢还是不喜欢，经济全球化已经成为世界经济发展的客观趋势。我们最好的政策就是紧跟趋势，抓住机遇；发展自己，避免可能的不利冲击。

Ⅶ．Translate the following into English：(25％)

42. 国际贸易指不同国家间进行的交易，它涉及到更多因素，因而比国内贸易复杂得多。

International trade refers to the trade between parties from different countries. As more factors are involved, it is more complex than domestic trade.

43．买方发出的询盘是为了获得拟定购商品的有关信息，它对发出询盘的人无约束力。

Inquiries are made by buyer to get relevant information about the goods to be ordered and are not binding on the inquirer.

44．要么因为信用证金额过大，要么因为对开证行不完全信任，出口商可能有时需要保兑的信用证。

Exporters sometimes require a confirmed L/C, either because of the too large credit amount or because of their distrust in the issuing bank.

45．保险是一种风险转移机制。通过保险个人或企业可以将生活中的不确定因素转移给其他人。

Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism, by which individuals or enterprises shift the uncertainties of life to the shoulders of others.

46．直接在国外经营提高一个公司产品的能见度，使当地客户对他们所购的商品更加放心。

Operating directly abroad enhances the visibility of a firm's products, making the local customers feel more assured about the things they buy.