2000 20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案英语一

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

20xx年考研英语（一）真题

Section I Use of English

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best

word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER

SHEET 1. (10 points)

People are, on the whole, poor at considering background

information when making individual decisions. At first glance

this might seem like a strength that ___1___ the ability to

make judgments which are unbiased by ___2___ factors. But Dr

Simonton speculated that an inability to consider the big

___3___ was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily

samples of information they were working with. ___4___, he

theorized that a judge ___5___ of appearing too soft

___6___crime might be more likely to send someone to prison

___7___he had already sentenced five or six other defendants

only to forced community service on that day.

To ___8___this idea, they turned their attention to the

university-admissions process. In theory, the ___9___ of an

randomly

others___10___ few the on depend not should applicant

for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonton suspected

the truth was___11___.

He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews ___12___

by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had ___13___

applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale ___14___

numerous factors into consideration. The scores were ___15___

used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the GMAT,

a standardized exam which is ___16___out of 800 points, to make

a decision on whether to accept him or her.

Dr Simonton found if the score of the previous candidate

in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher

than that of the one ___17___ that, then the score for the next

applicant would___18___ by an average of 0.075 points. This

might sound small, but to___19___the effects of such a decrease

a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise

have been ___20___.

1. A grants B submits C transmits D delivers

2. A minor B external C crucial D objective

3. A issue B vision C picture D moment

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

4. A Above all B On average C In principle D For

example

5. A fond B fearful C capable D thoughtless

6. A in B for C to D on

7. A if B until C though D unless

8. A. test B. emphasize C. share D. promote

9. A. decision B. quality C. status D. success

10. A. found B. studied C. chosen D. identified

11. A. otherwise B. defensible C. replaceable D.

exceptional

12. A. inspired B. expressed C. conducted D.

secured

13. A. assigned B. rated C. matched D. arranged

14. A. put B. got C. took D. gave

15. A. instead B. then C. ever D. rather

16. A. selected B. passed C. marked D. introduced

17. A below B after C above D before

18. A jump B float C fluctuate D drop

19. A achieve B undo C maintain D disregard

20. A necessary B possible C promising D helpful

2013考研英语（一）答案

Section I Use of English

1．【答案】A grants

【解析】第一句提到“总体而言，当人们自己做决定时，并不擅长考虑背景信息。”第二句顺接上文，“乍一看这是一种优势”，that引起定语从句，这种优势使人们具有一种能力，即能够做出不受外界因素影响的不带偏见的决定。B选项submit “服从，提交”，不能与ability连用，C选项transmit “传输，发射”，也不能与ability 搭配，D选项deliver “传递”，同样不能与ability搭配。A, C, D无论从搭配上还是意思上都不合适。A选项grant本身具有赋予，授予的意思。故答案选A。

2．【答案】D external

【解析】external外部因素和上文的background information同义复现，不考虑背景信息，不受外界因素影响。A选项minor 次要的，B选项objective 客观的，C选项crucial 残酷的，D选项 。D外部的，故答案选external

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

3．【答案】C picture

【解析】第三题本句but引起句意转折。“但是XX推测不考虑大局会导致决策者被日常接触的信息影响而带有偏见。”首先注意到空前面有定冠词the，指代上文信息，即不考虑背景信息、不考虑大环境。而大局，大环境的表达，此处选择picture是最贴切的。A选项 issue 问题，B选项vision 想象力，美景都不合适，故答案选C。

4．【答案】A For example

【解析】通读后面的句子，提到了法官与被告，这明显是生活当中的一个具体的实例，故答案选A。而B选项 on average “平均，通常”，出现的话，周围往往应该要出现数字。C选项in

principle“大体上，原则上”，后面需要出现的是总结性的话语，D选项above all“首先”是用来列举条目，将BCD排除。

5．【答案】B fearful

【解析】从句意上来看“例如，他们提出理论，认为法官不敢在罪行面前表现得太软弱，如果当天已经宣判五六名被告执行缓刑，那么他很有可能将下一个人送入监狱。A选项fond of 喜欢，B选项

fear of 惧怕，C选项capable of 有能力，D选项thoughtless of

考虑不周，故答案选B。

B on．【答案】6．

【解析】根据句内的逻辑关系，在对待犯罪行为方面害怕表现出太软弱，在。。。方面，关于。。。的表达应该用介词on，故答案为B。

7．【答案】A if

【解析】A if 表条件。B选项 until 表时间，往往跟not连用，直接排除。C选项though表让步，D选项unless 相当于 if...not 。通读空格所在的前后句子，得出这两句之间的逻辑关系是表示条件的。

8．【答案】D test

【解析】首先注意到idea前面有定冠词this，很明显指代上文提出的观点。而且跟上文以法官为例一样，下文“他们把注意力转向大学录取过程”也是上文观点的例证，目的是对上文的观点进行检验，而不是A选项“促进”，B选项“强调”或C选项“分享”，故答案选D。

9．【答案】D success

【解析】A选项decision“决定”，B 选项quality“质量，品质”，C选项status“地位”，D选项success“成功”。申请者的____不应该取决于同一天随机选到的其他几名申请者。接着下文讲题应该也有结果9因此第，results申请者的结果MBA到面试官面试．

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

的意思，与下文结合是达到正面的结果，因此答案是即“申请者的成功”。其它选项带入原文重叠答案，与原义不符合

10．【答案】A chosen

【解析】空格后面有一个副词为randomly，随机地，既然是随机，那么选项B选项studied“研究过的”，C选项found “找到的”

D选项identified“经鉴定的”就与randomly是相矛盾的，全部排除。

11．【答案】D otherwise

【解析】本题解题关键在于but，通过suspect可以看出Dr.

Simonton与前文意思相反，因此otherwise正好符合题意。

12．【答案】C conducted

【解析】此外明显缺一个过去分词作interviews的定语，再看by后面的officers，只有conducted（执行），符合语境，故为正确答案。

13．【答案】B rated

【解析】本题末尾one to five（从一到五），前面又有一个on a scale（…的范围）, A分配，D排列语义上说不通，再综合后（划分等级），整合起来，B（因素），对比一下，只有factor面的．

即划分成一到五个等级，合情合理C match看似与to搭配，但也不符合文意，故正确答案为B.

14．【答案】D took

【解析】本题需联系整句话，take…into consideration（考虑，涉及），从形式上来说没有问题，再从意义上来看，说“这个等级考虑了几种因素…”，是对上文评级的进一步解释，也没有问题。

15．【答案】B then

【解析】还是承接上文讲到的评级得分，后半句讲到的是（平时学校等级）考试得分，再结合中间conjunction一词（联接），可以推断为then（具有承接之意），因此为正确答案，而A和D为同一意义和用法（代替），与conjunction相冲突，C说不通，故也为错误选项。

16．【答案】C marked

【解析】本题出在一个非限定性定语从句上，先行词为a

standardized exam, 后半句是800分，考试和分数之间首选marked，选项B通过具有一定的干扰性，但注意主语是考试，所以正确选项为C。A为无关选项。

A before．【答案】17．

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

【解析】本句属于比较级，对比的是几个面试者的分数，C、D是空间上的上下，而这里缺的时间上的先后，故排除C和D，B是“之后”，不符合语言先后逻辑，故正确答案为A.

18．【答案】C drop

【解析】解本题需往下看，to…the effects of such a decrease,

由此可以判断接下来那个应聘者的分数是出现了下降，故正确选项C.

19．【答案】B undo

【解析】该句为不定式作主语，“（面试考官可能给）更低的分数”所带来的影响，可以推断，是消除或是抵消这种不利结果，应聘者需要在GMAT中多拿30分，A “达到”，C “保持”D“漠视”明显不符，故B为正确答案。

20．【答案】C necessary

【解析】该题难度较大，需把句意弄懂，也就是“这30分是比…所多的”建议把四个选项分别代入空格处，A有前途的，B可能的，C必须的，D有帮助的，对比之后，只有C最合逻辑

年考研英语（一）试题20xx Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each

numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10

points)

The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have

become an important issue recently. The court cannot ___1___

its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law ___2___ justices

behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices

acted in ways that ___3___ the court's reputation for being

independent and impartial.

Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political

events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the

court's decisions will be ___4___ as impartial judgments. Part

of the problem is that the justices are not ___5___by an ethics

code. At the very least, the court should make itself ___6___to

the code of conduct that ___7___to the rest of the federal

judiciary.

This and other similar cases ___8___the question of whether

there is still a ___9___between the court and politics.

The framers of the Constitution envisioned law

___10___having authority apart from politics. They gave

justices permanent positions ___11___they would be free to

___12___ those in power and have no need to ___13___ political

support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from

politics precisely because they are so closely ___14___.

Constitutional law is political because it results from

choices rooted in fundamental social ___15___ like liberty and

property. When the court deals with social policy decisions,

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

the law it ___16___ is inescapably political-which is why

decisions split along ideological lines are so easily ___17___

as unjust.

The justices must ___18___ doubts about the court's

legitimacy by making themselves ___19___ to the code of conduct.

That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from

politics and, ___20___, convincing as law.

1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D]

recognize

2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless

3. [A]restored [B]weakened [C]established [D]

eliminated

4. [A]challenged [B]compromised [C]suspected [D]

accepted

5. [A]advanced [B]caught [C]bound [D]founded

6. [A]resistant [B]subject [C]immune [D]prone

7. [A]resorts [B]sticks [C]loads [D]applies

8. [A]evade [B]raise [C]deny [D]settle

9. [A]line [B]barrier [C]similarity [D]conflict

10. [A]by [B]as [C]though [D]towards

11. [A]so [B]since [C]provided [D]though

12. [A]serve [B]satisfy [C]upset [D]replace

13. [A]confirm [B]express [C]cultivate [D]offer

14. [A]guarded [B]followed [C]studied [D]tied

15. [A]concepts [B]theories [C]divisions

[D]conceptions

16. [A]excludes [B]questions [C]shapes

[D]controls

17. [A]dismissed [B]released [C]ranked

[D]distorted

18. [A]suppress [B]exploit [C]address [D]ignore

19. [A]accessible [B]amiable [C]agreeable

[D]accountable

20. [A]by all means [B]at all costs [C]in a word

[D]as a result

)

(英语一2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案

2012考研英语（一）答案 Section I B1.【答案】【解析】从空后信息可以看出，这句表达的是“___ ___法官表现得像政治家”的情况下，法庭就不能保持其作为法律法规的合法卫士的形象，所以应该选C, maintain“维持，保持”，其他显然语义不通。

2.【答案】A

【解析】从第三段可以看出，文章认为法院和政治之间应该是有界限的。所以这里应该是当法官像政治家一样行事，模糊了二者之间的区别时，就失去了其作为法律卫士的合法性。只有B，when表示这个意思。

3.【答案】B

【解析】第二段给的具体事例说明，法官出现在政治活动中会使法官形象受损，影响他们独立、公正的名声。只有B，weaken能表示这个意思。

D【答案】4.

【解析】空前信息显示，法官出席政治活动会让法院的审判收到影响，人们就会认为其审判不公正，所以选D，be accepted as...“被认为是”。

5.【答案】C

【解析】空所在的语境为：产生这样的问题，部分原因在于“法官没有___ ___道德规范”。后一句话说，至少法院应该遵守行为规范，这显然是进一步说明上一句话。所以上一句是说法官没有受到道德规范的约束，选C，bound。

6.【答案】B

【解析】根据解析5可以看出，这里应该是说遵守行为规范，subject与to连用，表示“服从某物，受…支配”。故本题选B。

7.【答案】D

【解析】分析句子结构可知，这里是由that引导的定语从句修饰说明前面的行为规范，是说法院也应当遵守适用于其他联邦司法部的行为规范。apply to “适用于”符合题意。resort to “求助于”;stick to “坚持(原则等)”语意不通。

B【答案】8.

)

(英语一2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案【解析】空所在的语境为，类似这样的案例提出了这样一个问题：法院和政治之间是否还存在着界限。提出问题，产生问题用只能选raise。

9.【答案】A

【解析】根据第8题可知，空内应填line，“界限”。 barrier

“障碍”，similarity“相似性”，conflict“冲突”都不合题意。

10.【答案】B

【解析】根据句意，宪法的起草者们预想的是将司法从政治中分出来，让其享有独立的权力。envision as “将…想象成…”。所以选B。

11.【答案】A

【解析】本题考察逻辑搭配。本选项答案的确定需结合前句意思，制宪者旨在使法律不受政治的任何影响，这样一来，法官就可以免受掌权者的影响了。此空就是考察由此所带来的结果，故选[A]。

12.【答案】C

【解析】此题承接上题，可知法律不受政治的影响，从而法官也 。(those in power)不用担心掌权者．

13.【答案】C

【解析】此题承接上题, 结合句意, 可知该半句主要表达“法官也无需政治支持了。”选项C最符题意。

14.【答案】D

【解析】此题考察词意辨析。原句表达“我们的法律体系是法律完全不受政治的影响，是因为这两者是紧密。。。”。结合句意思，[D]最合题意.

15.【答案】A

【解析】此题考察词意辨析。文中说“宪法具有政治性，是因其的选择都是植根于诸如自由，财产之类的基本社会。。。中。”自由，财产是西方社会的一些基本社会理念或概念，故选[A]。

16.【答案】C

【解析】此题考察词意辨析。首先分析该句，可知空白处添加上一动词可构成一定语从句，限定“the law”。其次，文中语境表达“当法律处理社会政策决策问题时，。。。的法律不可避免的具有政治性。四个选项中，[C]为最佳答案。

A【答案】17.

)

(英语一2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案【解析】此题考察词意辨析。可由文中语境得知，该半句主要表达“这也就解释了为何背离思想路线的决策被看作是不公正的，从而被轻易的….”。结合语境，以及四个选项的意思，可知[A]最佳。

18.【答案】C

【解析】此题考察词意辨析。由文中语境可知该句主要表达“法官必须。。。有关法庭(裁决的)公正合理的质疑。”四个选项中，仅[C]符合题意。

19.【答案】D

【解析】本题考察短语搭配及相似短语辨析。四个选项均可与连用，其中

accessible to 易接近的;可归属的;可得到的可归因的

amiable to可亲，多指人和蔼可亲，易于接近

agreeable to欣然同意的;适合的，适宜的

accountable to对…负责

此题的理解需承接整个句, 首先此空所在后半句乃一方式状语，公正合理的质疑。)裁决的(承接前半句说明法官怎样来解决有关法庭

将此四个选项分别代入，可得出正确答案[D]，法官只有对对行为准则负责，也即是遵循一定的行为准则才可确保其裁决的公正与合理。

20.【答案】D

【解析】此题考察逻辑搭配。此句承接上句，旨在说明由此带来的结果，也即是文中所说的“。。。使得裁决看起来完全不受政治的影响，如法律一般令人信服。” 结合四个选项意思，可知选[D]。

试题)考研英语(一2011

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each

numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET

1. (10 points)

Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a

bodily exercise precious to health.” But ___1____some claims

to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on

physical fitness Laughter does ___2___short-term changes in

the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ____3___ heart

rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

difficult to ___4___, a good laugh is unlikely to have

___5___benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.

___6____, instead of straining muscles to build them, as

exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the ___7___,

studies dating back to the 1930's indicate that

laughter___8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45

minutes after the laugh dies down.

Such bodily reaction might conceivably help ___9___the

effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing

probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that

improve an individual's emotional state. ___11___one

classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted

___12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the

19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but

they become sad when the tears begin to flow.

Although sadness also ___14___ tears, evidence suggests

that emotions can flow ______15_________ muscular responses.

In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz

Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked

volunteers to ____16____ a pen either with their teeth-thereby

creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would

produce a(n) ____17____ expression. Those forced to exercise

their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny

frown,

a in contracted were mouths whose those did than cartons

___19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than

just the other way around ___20___ , the physical act of

laughter could improve mood.

1．[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D]like

2．[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indi

[D]produce cate

[C]impa 3．[A]stabilizing [B]boosting

[D]determiningiring

[C]ev 4．[A]transmit [B]sustain

[D]observe aluate

[C]affordable [B]manageable 5．[A]measurable

[D]renewable

turn 6．[A]In [B]In fact [C]In

[D]In briefaddition

[C]average [B]impossible ．7[A]opposite

[D]expected

[B]weakens ．8[A]hardens [C]tight

ens [D]relaxes [B]generate [A]aggravate ．9 [C]mode

[D]enhance rate

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

10．[A]physical [B]mental [C]subconscious [D]internal

11．[A]Except for [B] According to [C] Due

to [D] As for

12．[A]with [B]on [C]in [D]at

[A]unless [C]i [B]until 13．

[D]because f

[A]exhausts [C]prece 14． [B]follows

[D]suppresses des

[A]into [C] [B]from 15．

towards [D]beyond

[A]fetch 16． [C [B]bite

[D]hold ]pick

[A]disappointed [C]joyful ．17 [B]excited

[D]indifferent

[A]adapted [B]catered ．18 [C]turn

ed [D]reacted

[A]suggesting [B]requiring ．19 [C]mention [D]supposing ing

20．[A]Eventually [B]Consequently [C]Similarly [D]Conversely

2011考研英语（一）答案

Section I Use of English

1-5 CDBBA 6-10 BADCA 11-15 BCDCB 16-20 DADAC

1.C

解析：语义逻辑题。第一句含义是“古希腊哲学家亚里士多德把笑看作是“有益于身体健康的宝贵锻炼”，第二句意思是“但是 一些人提出相反的意见，轻笑可能对身体健康影响极小”，两句之间是转折关系，A、B、C、D四个选项中只有C选项表转折“尽管”，故是正确选项。

2.D

解析：语义辨析题。上下文语境是“笑确实能 短期的改变”。A. reflect“反映”，B. demand“要求”，C.

indicate“表明，暗示”，D. produce“产生”，只有D 选项符合语境，所以是正确答案。

3.B

解析：语义搭配题。文中提到“笑能够 心律呼吸速率。” A. stabilizing 意思是“安定，稳定”，B. boosting“促进，推进”，C. impairing“损害，削弱”，D. determining“决定”，根据语境应该是“笑能够促进心律呼吸速率”，B为正确答案。

4.B

解析：语义辨析题。这句话意思是“但是因为大笑很难 ，一次狂笑不可能……”，四个选项的含义分别是 A.

transmit “传播”，B. sustain“维持”，C. evaluate“评估”，D. observe“观察”，根据语境，只有B. sustain符合语境。

5.A．

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

解析：语义辨析题。这句话意思是“一次狂笑不可能像比如走路或者慢跑那样对心血管功能产生 益处。” A.

measurable“重大的，重要的”，B. manageable“易控制的”，C.

affordable“负担得起的”，D. renewable“可再生的”，四个选项中能和“益处”搭配的只有A. measurable，故是正确答案。

6.B

解析：逻辑分析题。第二段第一句是说“其他的锻炼可以拉紧增强肌肉，很显然笑确是起到了……作用”，对上文有承接还有转折的关系，A. In turn 意思是“轮流”，C. In addition是“另外”，D. In brief 意思是“简而言之”，都不符合语境，只有B. In

fact“事实上”符合上下文语境，是正确选项。

7.A

解析：语义逻辑题。第二段第二句的意思是说“笑可以放松肌肉，在狂笑平息之后45分钟内会降低肌肉张力”，跟上文中的“其他的锻炼可以拉紧增强肌肉”是相反的关系，所以A. opposite是正确选项。

8.D

解析：语义搭配题。空格前后面是“笑 肌肉”，A.

hardens“使变硬”，B. weakens“减少”，C. tightens“是变紧”，D. relaxes“放松”，因为上文提到了“其他的锻炼可以拉紧增强肌肉，很显然笑确实起到了相反的作用”。“拉紧”的反义词只有D.

relaxes，故正确。

9.C

解析：语义搭配题。这句话的意思是“这样的身体放松可能会帮助 心理紧张状态的影响。” A. aggravate“加剧，恶化”，B. generate“使形成，发生”，C. moderate“节制，减轻”，D.

enhance“增加”，根据上下文语境，只能是“减轻心理压力”，故C是正确选项。

10.A

解析：语义逻辑题。这句话的意思是“笑的行为毕竟可能会产生反馈来提高个体的情绪状态。”其中提到“笑 其他形式的．

的行为”，它是一种身体上的行为，后面提到“其他 反馈”，应该是和“笑”相呼应的，故正确选项是A。

11.B

解析：词义辨析题。根据已知信息推测，应该是“根据一个经典的情绪理论，……”A. Except for表示“除了……”，它引出一个与前面的词相反的原因或者事例； B. According to“根据， 按照”，表示依据，后面常跟表示理论、思想之类的词，是正确答案。C. Due

to“由于，因为” 后面跟一般原因，D. As for“至于，就……方面说”用以转换话题和表现态度，故排除。

12.C

解析：固定搭配题。be rooted in是固定词组表示“来源于……”be rooted跟其它选项不搭配使用，故排除。

13.D

解析：逻辑关系题。这句话的意思是“人们不会 他们伤心而哭，但当开始流泪时他们才变得伤心。”伤心和哭之间是因果关系，所以答案应该是D. because。

14.C

解析：词义辨析/语义逻辑题。解题关键although。although表示假设，让步。由上文提到当人们流泪时才觉得伤心可知，伤心在流泪之后。这里要说另一种情况“伤心也会在流泪之前”而A.

exhausts“使筋疲力尽；使疲惫不堪”，B. follows “跟随” C.

precedes“先于，表示在……之前发生(或出现)”；D.

suppresses“压制；阻止；抑制”，语义不符。

15.B

解析：词义辨析题。由已知信息可知原文要表达“证据显示情绪是肌肉反映的结果”A. into“进入……中， 到……里” B. from

“来自”表原因，符合表达需要，故为正确答案。C. towards向， 朝

D. beyond “超出，超过”意思不符合，故排除。

16.D

解析：词义辨析题。A. fetch“取来”，B. bite“咬， 叮”，

握住”，根据上下文信 抱， hold“拿，D. 摘”， pick“采，C.

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

息可知该实验要求志愿者用牙咬住或者用嘴含住一支笔。hold的意思最符合。

17.A

解析：词义辨析/语义逻辑题。由已知信息“用嘴含住一支笔”推测，这个动作会产生一种失望的表情 A. disappointed“失望的”意思最符合，B. excited “兴奋的”，C. joyful“快乐的”，D.

indifferent“漠不关心的”都不符合语境，故排除。

18.D

解析：词义辨析题。A. adapted to“变得习惯于……, 使适应于……”，B. catered to “迎合，满足某种需要或要求”，C.

turned……to“转向”，D. reacted to“对……作出反应”，根据原文表达需要“在观看有趣的动画片时……”此处正确选项是D.

reacted to。

19.A

解析：词义辨析题。根据前文信息，由前面的实验结果“那些被强制锻炼笑肌的人比那些嘴唇皱着表情失望的人在观看有趣的动画片时反应更加丰富”，我们可以推断出一个结论A. suggesting表明，后接结论的句子，符合要求，故为正确答案。B. requiring “需要，要求”， C. mentioning “提到”，D. supposing“假定， 假设”都不符合上下文语境，故排除。

20.C

解析：逻辑分析题。上文提到了“表情而不是其他的方式可能会影响情绪”，后文又提到了“笑的生理行为可以使心情好转”，前后句解释的是同一种情况。A. Eventually和B. Consequently，都是作为“总结”的副词，D. Conversely表示“相反”，只有 C.

Similarly“相似的是”，符合上下文逻辑，是正确选项。

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each

numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET

1. (10 points)

In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two

engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at

a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near

Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting

___1___ workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended

2___ giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, the extremely

influential idea that the very ___3___ to being experimented

upon changed subjects' behavior.

The idea arose because of the ___4___ behavior of the women

in the Hawthorne plant. According to ___5___ of the experiments,

their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also

when it was dimmed. It did not ___6___ what was done in the

experiment; ___7___ something was changed, productivity rose.

A(n) ___8___ that they were being experimented upon seemed to

be ___9___ to alter workers' behavior ___10___ itself.

After several decades, the same data were ___11___ to

econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another

surprise store ___12___ the descriptions on record, no

systematic ___13___ was found that levels of productivity were

related to changes in lighting.

It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments

may be have let to ___14___ interpretation of what happed.

___15___, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work

started again on Monday, output ___16___ rose compared with the

previous Saturday and ___17___ to rise for the next couple of

days. ___18___, a comparison with data for weeks when there was

no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday,

workers ___19___ to be diligent for the first few days of the

week in any case, before ___20___ a plateau and then slackening

off. This suggests that the alleged Hawthorne effect is hard

to pin down.

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored

2. [A] at [B] up [C] with [D] off

[D] proof[B] sight

3. [A] truth

[C] act

4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]

mischievous [D] ambiguous

5. [A] requirements [B] explanation [C] accounts [D] assessments

6. [A] conclude [B] matter

[C] indicate [D] work

[C] in case that7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that

[D] so long as

8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment[D]

illusion

[D] abundant[B] excessive [C] enough 9. [A] suitable

[D] by[A] about

[B] for

[C] on

10.

11. [A] compared [B] shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed

12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C]

parallel with [D] peculiar to

13. [A] evidence [B] guidance [C] implication [D] source

14. [A] disputable [B] enlightening [C]

reliable [D] misleading

15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In

consequence [D] As usual

16. [A] duly [B] accidentally [C]

[D] suddenlyunpredictably

[C] started [B] ceased

17. [A] failed

[D] continued

20. [A] breaking [B] climbing [C] surpassing [D] hitting

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each

numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10

points)

Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just

how smart humans are. ___1___ the fruit-fly experiments

described in Carl Zimmer's piece in the Science Times on Tuesday.

Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit

fly ___2___ to live shorter lives. This suggests that ___3___

bulbs burn longer, that there is an ___4___ in not being too

terrifically bright.

Intelligence, it ___5___ out, is a high-priced option. It

takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow ___6___ the

starting line because it depends on learning — a gradual

___7___ — instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able

to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned is

when to ___8___.

Is there an adaptive value to ___9___ intelligence? That's

the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of

casting a wistful glance ___10___ at all the species we've left

in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real ___11___

of our own intelligence might be. This is ___12___ the mind of

every animal I've ever met.

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what

experiments animals would ___13___ on humans if they had the

chance. Every cat with an owner, ___14___, is running a

small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that

___15___ animals ran the labs, they would test us to ___16___

the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for

terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans

is really ___17___, not merely how much of it there is. ___18___,

they would hope to study a ___19___ question: Are humans

actually aware of the world they live in? ___20___ the results

are inconclusive.

1. [A] Suppose [B] Consider [C] Observe [D] Imagine

[B] feared

2. [A] tended [C] happened [D] threatened

[B] stabler [C] lighter 3. [A] thinner

[D] dimmer

4. [A] tendency [B] advantage [C] inclination [D]

priority

5. [A] insists on [B] sums up [C] turns out [D] puts forward

6. [A] off

[B] behind

[C] over

[D] along

[C] inevitable7. [A] incredible [B] spontaneous

[D] gradual

8. [A] fight

[B] doubt

[C] stop

[D] think

9. [A] invisible [B] limited [C] indefinite [D] different

10. [A] upward

[B] forward [C] afterward [D] backward

[C] results [D]

11. [A] features [B] influences

costs

12. [A] outside [B] on [C] by

[D] across

[C] perform 13. [A] deliver [B] carry

[D] apply

14. [A] by chance [B] in contrast [C] as usual [D]

for instance

[D] lest[C] as

15. [A] if

[B] unless

16. [A] moderate [B] overcome [C] determine [D] reach

17. [A] at

[B] for

[C] after

[D] with

18. [A] Above all [B] After all [C] However [D] Otherwise

19. [A] fundamental [B] comprehensive [C]

[D] hostileequivalent

[B] In time [C] So far [20. [A] By accident D]

Better still

20xx年考研英语（一）答案

Section I: Use of English (10 points)

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each

numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10

points)

The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent

its

speak not dare that hypotheses others is one of those than

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

name. But Gregory Cochran is ___1___ to say it anyway. He is

that ___2___ bird, a scientist who works independently ___3___

any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some

diseases not ___4___ thought to have a bacterial cause were

actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was

first suggested.

___5___ he, however, might tremble at the ___6___ of what

he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is

publishing a paper which not only ___7___ that one group of

humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the

process that has brought this about. The group in ___8___ are

a particular people originated from central Europe. The process

is natural selection.

This group generally do well in IQ test, ___9___ 12-15 points

above the ___10___ value of 100, and have contributed ___11___

to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the

___12___ of their elites, including several world-renowned

scientists, ___13___. They also suffer more often than most

people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast

cancer. These facts, ___14___, have previously been thought

unrelated. The former has been ___15___ to social effects, such

as a strong tradition of ___16___ education. The latter was seen

as a (an) ___17___ of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests

that the intelligence and diseases are intimately ___18___. His

argument is that the unusual history of these people has

___19___ them to unique evolutionary pressures that have

resulted in this ___20___ state of affairs.

1. [A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased

2. [A] unique [B] particular

[C] special [D]

rare

[B] with [A] of

[C] in [D] against3.

4. [A] subsequently [C] previously[B] presently

[D] lately

5. [A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence

[D] risk[B] sight

6. [A] thought [C] cost

[B] suggests [A] advises

[C] protests [D] objects7.

[C] need

[D] question8. [A] progress [B] fact

9. [A] attaining [B] scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating

10. [A] normal

[B] common

[C] mean

[D] total

11. [A] unconsciously [B] disproportionately [C]

indefinitely [D] unaccountably

12. [A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers

13. [A] affirm

[B] witness [C] observe [D] approve

14. [A] moreover [B] therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile

15. [A] given up [B] got over [C] carried on [D] put down

16. [A] assessing [B] supervising [C]

[D] valuingadministering

[C] consequence[B] origin

[A] development 17.

[D] instrument

[B] integrated [C] woven [D]

[A] linked 18.

combined

19. [A] limited [B] subjected [C] converted [D] directed

20. [A] paradoxical [B] incompatible [C]

inevitable [D] continuous

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

20xx年考研英语（一）答案

Section I: Use of English (10 points)

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each

numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET

1. (10 points)

By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become

independent nations. The roughly 20 million ___1___ of these

nations looked ___2___ to the future. Born in the crisis of the

old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of

independence ___3___ the ideals of representative government,

careers ___4___ to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the

___5___ to private property, and a belief in the individual as

the basis of society. ___6___ there was a belief that the new

nations should be sovereign and independent states, large

enough to be economically viable and integrated by a ___7___

set of laws.

On the issue of ___8___ of religion and the position of the

church, ___9___, there was less agreement ___10___ the

leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and

the only one ___11___ by the Spanish crown. ___12___ most

leaders sought to maintain Catholicism ___13___ the official

religion of the new states, some sought to end the ___14___ of

other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying

___15___ for the conservative forces.

The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often

egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had

received aid from Haiti and had ___16___ in return to abolish

slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been

abolished everywhere except Spain's ___17___ colonies. Early

promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed

origin came much ___18___ because the new nations still needed

the revenue such policies ___19___. Egalitarian sentiments

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population

was ___20___ self-rule and democracy.

1. [A] natives [B] inhabitants [C] peoples [D]

individuals

2. [A] confusedly [B] cheerfully [C] worriedly [D]

hopefully

3. [A] shared [B] forgot [C] attained [D] rejected

4. [A] related [B] close [C] open [D] devoted

5. [A] access [B] succession [C] right [D] return（C）

6.[A] Presumably [B] Incidentally [C] Obviously [D]

Generally

（D）

7. [A] unique [B] common [C] particular [D] typical

8. [A] freedom [B] origin [C] impact [D] reform

9. [A] therefore [B] however [C] indeed [D]

moreover

10. [A] with [B] about [C] among [D] by

11. [A] allowed [B] preached [C] granted [D]

funded

12. [A] Since [B] If [C] Unless [D] While

13. [A] as [B] for [C] under [D] against

14. [A] spread [B] interference [C] exclusion

[D] influence

15. [A] support [B] cry [C] plea [D] wish（B）

16. [A] urged [B] intended [C] expected [D]

promised

17. [A] controlling [B] former [C] remaining

[D] original

18. [A] slower [B] faster [C] easier [D]

tougher

19. [A] created [B] produced [C] contributed

[D] preferred

20. [A] puzzled by [B] hostile to [C] pessimistic

about [D] unprepared for

20xx年考研英语（一）答案

Section I: Use of English (10 points)

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each

numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET

1. (10 points)

The homeless make up a growing percentage of America's

population. ___1___ homelessness has reached such proportions

that local governments can't possibly ___2___. To help

homeless people ___3___ independence, the federal government

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

must support job training programs, ___4___ the minimum wage,

and fund more low-cost housing.

___5___ everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are

homeless. Estimates ___6___ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.

___7___ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter:

that the number of the homeless is ___8___. One of the federal

government's studies ___9___ that the number of the homeless

will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.

Finding ways to ___10___ this growing homeless population

has become increasingly difficult. ___11___ when homeless

individuals manage to find a ___12___ that will give them three

meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still

spend the bulk of each day ___13___ the street. Part of the

problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol

or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious

mental disorders. Many others, ___14___ not addicted or

mentally ill, simply lack the everyday ___15___ skills needed

to turn their lives ___16___. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy

notes that the situation will improve only when there are

___17___ programs that address the many needs of the homeless.

___18___ Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at

Bentley College in Massachusetts, ___19___ it, “There has to

be ___20___ of programs. What's needed is a package deal.”

1. [A] Indeed [B] Likewise [C] Therefore（A） [D]

Furthermore

2. [A] stand [B] cope [C] approve （B） [D]

retain

3. [A] in [B] for [C] with（D） [D] toward

4. [A] raise [B] add [C] take（A） [D] keep

5. [A] generally [B] almost [C] hardly（D） [D] not

6. [A] cover [B] change [C] range（C） [D] differ

7. [A] Now that [B] Although [C] Provided（B） [D]

Except that

8. [A] inflating [B] expanding [C] increasing（C）

[D] extending

9. [A] predicts [B] displays [C] proves（A） [D]

discovers

10. [A] assist [B] track [C] sustain（A） [D]

dismiss

11. [A] Hence [B] But [C] Even（C） [D] Only

12. [A] lodging [B] shelter [C] dwelling（B） [D]

house

13. [A] searching [B] strolling [C] crowding（D）

[D] wandering

14. [A] when [B] once [C] while（C） [D] whereas

15. [A] life [B] existence [C] survival（C） [D]

maintenance

16. [A] around [B] over [C] on（A） [D] up

17. [A] complex [B] comprehensive [C] complementary（B） [D] compensating

18. [A] So [B] Since [C] As（C） [D] Thus

19. [A] puts [B] interprets [C] assumes（A） [D]

makes

20. [A] supervision [B] manipulation [C] regulation（D） [D] coordination

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

20xx年考研英语（一）答案

Section I: Use of English (10 points)

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each

numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET

1 (10 points)

The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often

thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,

___1___ this is largely because, ___2___ animals, we stand

upright. This means that our noses are ___3___ to perceiving

those smells which float through the air, ___4___ the majority

of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, ___5___, we are

extremely sensitive to smells, ___6___ we do not generally

realize it. Our noses are capable of ___7___ human smells even

when these are ___8___ to far below one part in one million.

Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of

flower but not another, ___9___ others are sensitive to the

smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not

have the genes necessary to generate ___10___ smell receptors

in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells

and send ___11___ to the brain. However, it has been found that

even people insensitive to a certain smell ___12___ can

suddenly become sensitive to it when ___13___ to it often

enough.

The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that

the brain finds it ___14___ to keep all smell receptors working

all the time but can ___15___ new receptors if necessary. This

may ___16___ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our

own smells—we simply do not need to be. We are not ___17___

of the usual smell of our own house, but we ___18___ new smells

when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep

smell receptors ___19___ for unfamiliar and emergency signals

___20___ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger

of fire.

1. [A] although [B] as [C] but（C） [D] while

2. [A] above [B] unlike [C] excluding（B） [D]

besides

3. [A] limited [B] committed [C] dedicated（A） [D]

confined

4. [A] catching [B] ignoring [C] missing（C） [D]

tracking

5. [A] anyway [B] though [C] instead（B） [D]

therefore

6. [A] even if [B] if only [C] only if（A） [D] as if

7. [A] distinguishing [B] discovering [C] determining（D） [D] detecting

8. [A] diluted [B] dissolved [C] dispersed（A） [D]

diffused

9. [A] when [B] since [C] for（D） [D] whereas

10. [A] unusual [B] particular [C] unique（B）

[D] typical

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

11. [A] signs [B] stimuli [C] messages（C） [D]

impulses

12. [A] at first [B] at all [C] at large（A） [D]

at times

13. [A] subjected [B] left [C] drawn（D） [D]

exposed

14. [A] ineffective [B] incompetent [C] inefficient（C） [D] insufficient

15. [A] introduce [B] summon [C] trigger（D） [D]

create

16. [A] still [B] also [C] otherwise（B） [D]

nevertheless

17. [A] sure [B] sick [C] aware（C） [D] tired

18. [A] tolerate [B] repel [C] neglect（D） [D]

notice

19. [A] available [B] reliable [C] identifiable（A）

[D] suitable

20. [A] similar to [B] such as [C] along with（B） [D]

aside from

20xx年考研英语真题答案

Section I: Use of English (10 points)

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section II Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each

numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET

1. (10 points)

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency

(crimes committed by young people) focus either on the

individual or on society as the major contributing influence.

Theories ___21___ on the individual suggest that children

engage in criminal behavior ___22___ they were not sufficiently

penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned

criminal behavior through ___23___ with others. Theories

focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit

crimes in ___24___ to their failure to rise above their

socioeconomic status, ___25___ as a rejection of middle-class

values.

Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on

children from disadvantaged families, ___26___ the fact that

children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may

commit crimes ___27___ lack of adequate parental control. All

theories, however, are tentative and are ___28___ to criticism.

Changes in the social structure may indirectly ___29___

juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that

___30___ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising

unemployment ___31___ make gainful employment increasingly

difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in ___32___

lead more youths into criminal behavior.

Families have also ___33___ changes these years. More

families consist of one-parent households or two working

parents; ___34___, children are likely to have less supervision

___36___.

family traditional the in common was ___35___ home at

This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence

on juvenile crime rates. Other ___37___ causes of offensive

acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased

___38___ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing ___39___ of child

abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase

the probability of a child committing a criminal act, ___40___

a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

21. [A] acting [B] relying [C] centering（C） [D]

commenting

22. [A] before [B] unless [C] until（D） [D] because

23. [A] interaction [B] assimilation [C]

cooperation（A） [D] consultation

24. [A] return [B] reply [C] reference（D） [D]

response

25. [A] or [B] but rather [C] but（A） [D] or else

26. [A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting（B）

[D] discarding

27. [A] on [B] in [C] for（C） [D] with

28. [A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive（D）

[D] subject

29. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] check（A） [D] reflect

30. [A] point [B] lead [C] come（B） [D] amount

31. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast（A） [D] at length

32. [A] case [B] short [C] turn（C） [D] essence

33. [A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken（D）

[D] experienced

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

34. [A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly（B）

[D] simultaneously

35. [A] than [B] that [C] which（A） [D] as

36. [A] system [B] structure [C] concept（B） [D]

heritage

37. [A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible（B） [D] incredible

38. [A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation（D）

[D] availability

39. [A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure（A）

[D] popularity

40. [A] provided [B] since [C] although（C） [D]

supposing

20xx年考研英语（一）答案

Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points)

Part A (5 points)

1.

highlands

2.

20

3.

mild

4.

November

5.

22

Part B (5 points)

6. A (technology) forecaster;

7. government agencies;

8. (A) meaningful (exercise);

9. open to change;

10. Trust and cooperation.

Part C (10 points)

Section II: Use of English (10 points)

Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)

Part A (40 points)

Part B (10 points)

61. 希腊人认为, 语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。

62. 我们之所有感激他们 (两位先驱), 是因为在此之后, 这些

(土著) 语言中有一些已经不复存在了, 这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了, 或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。

63. 这些新近被描述的语言与已经得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著, 以至于有些学者甚至指责Boas和Sapir编造了材料。

64. Whorf对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣, 逐渐形成了这样的观点：在一个社会中, 语言的结构决定习惯思维的结构。

65. Whorf进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点, 其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维, 语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。

Section IV: Writing (20 points)

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

66. 参考范文

Look at this picture. A man is running toward the end of a

race, sweating all over. Perhaps there is nothing special about

the man and the race, yet the end line leaves a deep impression

on us for it is both “finish line” and “starting line” if

we look at it from a different angle.

The picture tells us a lot about life. An ordinary runner

may think that his achievement calls for celebration for he has

reached his goal. But an ambitious runner will well realize that

his success is the starting point for a new race. Obviously,

the way we look at things determines how far we will go. If we

feel satisfied with the ability to read and write, perhaps we

will not strive to get a college education. Again, if we think

a Bachelor's degree is quite enough, we will not take pains to

pass the examination for postgraduate. Life is just like an

endless race. If we don't prepare for new races, we are either

disqualified from the race or surpassed by others. That's why

the finish line is also a starting line.

I like this picture. I may have been running this endless

race, but I have been pushed forward by my parents or people

around me. From now on, I will become more active and take the

initiative, for the picture has really enlightened me.

(233 words)

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section II Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each

numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET

1. (10 points)

Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual,

and physical changes that young adults experience. And they

also need to give serious ___21___ to how they can best ___22___

such changes. Growing bodies need movement and ___23___, but

not just in ways that emphasize competition. ___24___ they are

adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new

intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are

especially self-conscious and need the ___25___ that comes from

achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are

___26___ by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is

already filled with so much competition that it would be

___27___ to plan activities in which there are more winners than

losers, ___28___, publishing newsletters with many

student-written book reviews, ___29___ student artwork, and

sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can

provide ___30___ opportunities for leadership, as well as for

practice in successful ___31___ dynamics. Making friends is

extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need

the ___32___ of some kind of organization with a supportive

adult ___33___ visible in the background.

In these activities, it is important to remember that the

young teens have ___34___ attention spans. A variety of

activities should be organized ___35___ participants can

remain active as long as they want and then go on to ___36___

else without feeling guilty and without letting the other

participants ___37___. This does not mean that adults must

accept irresponsibility. ___38___, they can help students

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

acquire a sense of commitment by ___39___ for roles that are

within their ___40___ and their attention spans and by having

clearly stated rules.

21. [A] thought [B] idea [C] opinion（A） [D] advice

22. [A] strengthen [B] accommodate [C] stimulate（B） [D] enhance

23. [A] care [B] nutrition [C] exercise（C） [D]

leisure

24. [A] If [B] Although [C] Whereas（D） [D]

Because

25. [A] assistance [B] guidance [C] confidence（C）

[D] tolerance

26. [A] claimed [B] admired [C] ignored（B） [D]

surpassed

27. [A] improper [B] risky [C] fair（D） [D] wise

28. [A] in effect [B] as a result [C] for example（C）

[D] in a sense

29. [A] displaying [B] describing [C] creating（A）

[D] exchanging

30. [A] durable [B] excessive [C] surplus（D） [D]

multiple

31. [A] group [B] individual [C] personnel（A） [D]

corporation

32. [A] consent [B] insurance [C] admission（D）

[D] security

33. [A] particularly [B] barely [C] definitely（B）

[D] rarely

34. [A] similar [B] long [C] different（D） [D]

short

35. [A] if only [B] now that [C] so that（C） [D]

even if

36. [A] everything [B] anything [C] nothing（D）

[D] something

37. [A] off [B] down [C] out（B） [D] alone

38. [A] On the contrary [B] On the average [C] On the

whole（A） [D] On the other hand

39. [A] making [B] standing [C] planning（C） [D]

taking

40. [A] capabilities [B] responsibilities [C]

proficiency（A） [D] efficiency

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

20xx年考研英语（一）答案

Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points)

Part A (5 points)

1.

1876

2.

1981

3.

textiles

4.

19,137

5.

concerts

Part B (5 points)

6. (the couple) themselves

7. constructively

8. a qualified psychologist

9. good intentions

10. absence

Part C (10 points)

Section II: Use of English (10 points)

Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)

Part A (40 points)

Part B (10 points)

61. 而且，人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而是让所有其它形态的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。

62. 社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性的、有序的、系统的和冷静的方式研究人类及其行为。

63. 强调收集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。

64. 泰勒把文化定义为“……一个复合整体，它包括人作为社会成员所获得的信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗以及其它能力和习惯”。

65. 因此，人类学中“文化”概念就像数学中“集”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念，它使大量的具体研究和认识成为可能。

Section IV: Writing (20 points)

66. 参考范文

As is shown in the two pictures, the same flower has different

fate when put in different situations. When there is protection,

the flower blooms beautifully. However, when exposed directly

to rain and storm, the flower quickly withers. We can safely

come to the conclusion that greenhouse flowers cannot withstand

rain and storm.

The same is true with our children. As the one-child policy

is adopted in China, more and more parents overprotect their

children. With everything done for them and every need

satisfied by their parents or grandparents, these only children

seem to be healthy, happy and high-spirited. But when they leave

home, they become disappointed and frustrated. Facing harsh

things they have never experienced before, such as competition

from peers, criticism from supervisors, pressure for deadlines

and restriction for discipline, they will be at a loss,

miserable or even desperate. In fact, the more protection they

get from their parents, the less ability they acquire.

Parents' love for their children turns out to be a disaster.

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

Children, like flowers, should be treated with care, but

reasonable and sensible ways of doing things will help to bring

about more fruitful results, if we not only love our children

but also teach them how to love, our love will be passed down

from generation to generation; if we not only solve problems

for our children but also encourage them to solve problems, our

diligence and ingenuity will make our life more meaningful and

worthwhile.

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题 (一)

Section II Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each

numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET

1. (10 points)

Comparisons were drawn between the development of television

in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th

and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened ___21___. As was

discussed before, it was not ___22___ the 19th century that the

newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic ___23___,

following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the

___24___ of the periodical. It was during the same time that

the communications revolution ___25___ up, beginning with

transport, the railway, and leading ___26___ through the

telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures ___27___

the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not

everyone sees that process in ___28___. It is important to do

so.

It is generally recognized, ___29___, that the introduction

of the computer in the early 20th century, ___30___ by the

invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically

changed the process, ___31___ its impact on the media was not

immediately ___32___. As time went by, computers became smaller

and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as well

as ___33___, with display becoming sharper and storage ___34___

increasing. They were thought of, like people, ___35___

generations, with the distance between generations much

___36___.

It was within the computer age that the term “information

y” began to be widely used to describe the ___37___

societ

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

within which we now live. The communications revolution has

___38___ both work and leisure and how we think and feel both

about place and time, but there have been ___39___ views about

its economic, political, social and cultural implications.

“Benefits” have been weighed ___40___ “harmful” outcomes.

And generalizations have proved difficult.

21. [A] between [B] before [C] since（A） [D]

later

22. [A] after [B] by [C] during（D） [D] until

23. [A] means [B] method [C] medium（C） [D]

measure

24. [A] process [B] company [C] light（B） [D]

form

25. [A] gathered [B] speeded [C] worked（B）

[D] picked

26. [A] on [B] out [C] over（A） [D] off

27. [A] of [B] for [C] beyond（D） [D] into

28. [A] concept [B] dimension [C] effect（D）

[D] perspective

29. [A] indeed [B] hence [C] however（C） [D]

therefore

30. [A] brought [B] followed [C] stimulated（B）

[D] characterized

31. [A] unless [B] since [C] lest（D） [D]

although

32. [A] apparent [B] desirable [C] negative（A）

[D] plausible

33. [A] institutional [B] universal [C]

fundamental（A） [D] instrumental

34. [A] ability [B] capability [C] capacity（C）

[D] faculty

35. [A] by means of [B] in terms of [C] with regard

to（B） [D] in line with

36. [A] deeper [B] fewer [C] nearer（D） [D]

smaller

37. [A] context [B] range [C] scope（A） [D]

territory

38. [A] regarded [B] impressed [C] influenced（C）

[D] effected

39. [A] competitive [B] controversial [C]

distracting（B） [D] irrational

40. [A] above [B] upon [C] against（C） [D]

with

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

20xx年考研英语（一）答案

Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points)

Part A (5 points)

1.

sociology

2.

1930

3.

23

4.

religions

5.

1954

Part B (5 points)

6. cameramen/camera men

7. a personal visit

8. depressed

9. among advertisements

10. take firm action

Part C (10 points)

Section II: Use of English (10 points)

Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)

Part A (40 points)

Part B (10 points)

61. 难题在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。

62. 行为科学之所以发展缓慢，部分原因是用来解释行为的依据似乎往往是直接观察到的，部分原因是其他的解释方式一直难以找到。

63. 自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明，而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时的选择作用则刚刚开始被认识和研究。

64. 自由和尊严 (它们) 是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有的，是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提。

65. (如果) 这些问题得不到解决，研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的唯一方式可能也随之继续受到排斥。

Section IV: Writing (20 points)

66. 参考范文

Cultures -- national and international

As is shown in the picture, a young American girl is wearing

traditional Chinese dress and ornaments and is smiling sweetly.

It may be an ordinary picture, but it conveys deep and profound

meaning: national culture is also international culture.

Ever since we opened our door to the world, we have attracted

and influenced by things from other cultures, such as jeans,

country music and fast food. We have shown such interest in them

that some people, especially the younger generation, become

crazy about them. The more exotic they are, the more fashionable

they seem to be. Now, national culture begun to show its charm

and gain popularity all over the world. Our national costume,

just as shown in the picture, Beijing Opera, Cross Talk, for

example, have won favor with a lot of foreigners.

As national culture becomes international culture, people

villagers

all are We other. each understand better world the in

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

in this global village. Mutual respect and understanding make

this world a better place to live in.

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section II Cloze Test

Directions:

For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are

four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one

and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the

corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)

The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers

seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases ___31___

the trial of Rosemary West.

In a significant ___32___ of legal controls over the press,

Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a ___33___

bill that will propose making payments to witnesses ___34___

and will strictly control the amount of ___35___ that can be

given to a case ___36___ a trial begins.

In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of

Commons Media Select Committee, Lord Irvine said he ___37___

with a committee report this year which said that self

regulation did not ___38___ sufficient control.

___39___ of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused

a ___40___ of media protest when he said the ___41___ of privacy

controls contained in European legislation would be left to

judges ___42___ to Parliament.

The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights

Bill, which ___43___ the European Convention on Human Rights

legally ___44___ in Britain, laid down that everybody was

___45___ to privacy and that public figures could go to court

to protect themselves and their families.

“Press freedoms will be in safe hands ___46___ our British

judges,” he said.

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

Witness payments became an ___47___ after West was sentenced

to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were ___48___

to have received payments for telling their stories to

newspapers. Concerns were raised ___49___ witnesses might be

encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ___50___

guilty verdicts.

31. [A] as to [B] for instance [C] in particular（D） [D] such as

32. [A] tightening [B] intensifying [C] focusing（A）

[D] fastening

33. [A] sketch [B] rough [C] preliminary（D） [D]

draft

34. [A] illogical [B] illegal [C] improbable（B）

[D] improper

35. [A] publicity [B] penalty [C] popularity（A）

[D] peculiarity

36. [A] since [B] if [C] before（C） [D] as

37. [A] sided [B] shared [C] complied（D） [D]

agreed

38. [A] present [B] offer [C] manifest（B） [D]

indicate

39. [A] Release [B] Publication [C] Printing（B）

[D] Exposure

40. [A] storm [B] rage [C] flare（A） [D] flash

41. [A] translation [B] interpretation [C]

exhibition（B） [D] demonstration

42. [A] better than [B] other than [C] rather than（C） [D] sooner than

43. [A] changes [B] makes [C] sets（B） [D] turns

44. [A] binding [B] convincing [C] restraining（A）

[D] sustaining

45. [A] authorized [B] credited [C] entitled（C）

[D] qualified

46. [A] with [B] to [C] from（A） [D] by

47. [A] impact [B] incident [C] inference（D） [D]

issue

remarked [C] said48. [A] stated [B] （C） [D] told

（D）49. [A] what [B] when [C] which [D] that

[D] ）C50. [A] assure [B] confide [C] ensure（guarantee

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

20xx年考研英语（一）答案

Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (15 points)

Part A (5 points)

Part B (10 points)

Section II: Cloze Text (10 points)

Section III: Reading Comprehension (40 points)

Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)

71. 届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标 (违规)，监控器就会使其停驶。

72. 儿童将与装有个性化芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字体时代就来到了。

73. 皮尔森汇集世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的新技术千年历，它列出了人们有望看到数百项重大突破和发现的最迟日期。

74. 但皮尔森指出，这个突破仅仅是人机一体化的开始：“它是人机一体化漫长之路的第一步，最终会使人们在下世纪末之前就研制出完全电子化的仿真人。”

75. 家用电器将会变得如此智能化，以至于控制和操作它们会引发一种新的心理疾病 -- 厨房狂躁。

Section V: Writing (20 points)

76. 参考范文

This picture is a symbol that tells us how we should use our

love: our love is like a lamp; the darker the place, the brighter

the light. Indeed, love is most precious when it is offered to

someone who is in difficulty.

I can tell you a real story here. When I was a child, my family

moved to the countryside. Among our new neighbors was a

paralyzed woman. As an innocent child, I somehow showed some

interest in her. When I had time, I would to see her. When I

had something to eat, I would let her share with me. One day

she suddenly said to me, tear in her eyes, “I will bless you

when I am in heaven.” I knew my love for her had worked wonders,

for I had never heard her speaking and I thought she had lost

her ability to speak. Her blessing may have really worked for

I have been a lucky person in work and in life.

As far as I understand, love is sympathy and sincerity that

needs not be expressed in terms of money or sweet words. As the

proverb goes, “a hand may smell fragrant when it gives roses

to others.” I believe love is the most precious thing in the

world and we should give it to those who need it most.

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

20xx年考研英语（一）试题

Section II Cloze Test

Directions:

For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are

four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one

and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the

corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)

If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide

gap between his consumption and his production. He must store

a large quantity of grain ___41___ consuming all his grain

immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family

___42___ he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in

three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance ___43___ the

unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which

he must sell in order to ___44___ old agricultural implements

and obtain chemical fertilizers to ___45___ the soil. He may

also need money to construct irrigation ___46___ and improve

his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer

cannot be ___47___. He must either sell some of his property

or ___48__ extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will

try to borrow money at a low ___49__ of interest, but loans of

this kind are not ___50__ obtainable.

41. [A] other than [B] as well as [C] instead of（C）

[D] more than

42. [A] only if [B] much as [C] long before（A） [D]

ever since

43. [A] for [B] against [C] of（B） [D] towards

44. [A] replace [B] purchase [C] supplement（A）

[D] dispose

45. [A] enhance [B] mix [C] feed（C） [D] raise

46. [A] vessels [B] routes [C] paths（D） [D]

channels

47. [A] self-confident [B] self-sufficient [C]

self-satisfied（B） [D] self-restrained

48. [A] search [B] save [C] offer（D） [D] seek

49. [A] proportion [B] percentage [C] rate（C）

[D] ratio

50. [A] genuinely [B] obviously [C] presumably（D）

[D] frequently

20xx年考研英语（一）答案

Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)

Part A (5 points)

Part B (5 points)

Part C (5 points)

Part II: Cloze Test (10 points)

Section III: Reading Comprehension (40 points)

2000-20xx年考研英语完形填空真题和答案(英语一)

Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)

71. 在现代条件下，这需要程度不同的中央控制，从而就需要获得诸如经济学和运筹学等领域专家的协助。

72. 再者，显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关，而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。

73. 大众通讯的显著发展使各地的人们不断感到有新的需求，不断接触到新的习俗和思想，由于上述原因，政府常常得推出更多的革新。

74. 在先期实现工业化的欧洲国家中，其工业化进程以及随之而来的各种深刻的社会结构变革，持续了大约一个世纪之久，而如今一个发展中国家在十年左右就可能完成这个过程。

75. 由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动 (现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易) 造成的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。

Section V: Writing (15 points)

76. 参考范文

These two pictures display a sharp contrast: there were a

lot of fish with one fishing boat in the sea in 1900 while the

situation was just the opposite in 1995. Obviously, the fishing

industry was facing a major problem, with all the ocean

resources being exhausted so quickly.

The drawer is not exaggerating or joking about commercial

fishing. On the contrary, he is seriously warning us that our

way of thinking and ways of doing things are unreasonable and

dangerous. Our resources are limited and our ecosystem needs

careful consideration and protection. If we only care about the

building

like just It's future. the in suffer will we , present

friendship and saving money: the more you put into it, the more

you can get; the more you take out, the less it is left.

Measures should be taken if such disappointing situation is

to be avoided. I suggest that government make laws and

regulations to guide and supervise people's fishing activity,

punishing those who only care about their own interest and bring

harm to others and the environment. I also appeal to the public

that money is not the only thing we can pursue and fish is not

the only food we can eat. Whether for the benefit of the human

race or for the interest of our own, we should show concern for

others and make plans for the future. Only in this way can we

live happily and affluently

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