一、History about electronics(电子技术，电子学，电子设备
1、The English names for the department and the majors 电气工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering 电气化铁道工程
Electrified railway engineering 电气自动化技术
Electrical automation technology 电子信息工程技术 Technology of electrical and Information Engineering The application of electronic technology
Electronic technology and management 应用电子技术
电子工艺与管理
供用电技术
Technology power 电机与电器
Motor and electric appliances 铁道通信信号
Railway communication signal 2、History about electronics There can be no doubt that the 1900s is remembered as the electronic century. Of course there have been other great advances, in medicine（医学领域）, in transport, in science, in commerce(商业领域, and many other fields but where would they have been without the instruments and devices that electronics has provided? How would you see a 3D virtual reality image（3D虚拟现实影像） of your beating heart with no electronics? Would you go to a pop concert（流行音乐会）
that had no amplifiers（【电子】放大器，扩音器）, large screens or lighting effects? Don’t say you would rather watch TV-there would not be any. Electronics in the early 20th century started thriving at a greater speed unlike the pre-20th century developments. The radio（无线电） invented by the Italian genius Marconi and the work of Henry Hertz opened the road to further discoveries and inventions. In the first decade the new thing that was welcome to the technical world was the vacuum tube（真空管，电子管）. The vacuum tubes at that time worked as a miraculous component for the radio devices. The invention of the television was a miraculous thing for the mankind. It was revolution in both communication technology（通信技术） and also for the world media. The distances between the continents did not seem to be far enough. The credit goes to the British engineer John Logic Baird who followed the footprints of Marconi and tried to send the images in the same way as the speech. After a long experiment he found that a series of static pictures, if sent within a small interval of time in between them, seem to be moving. The real electronics what it is called today was actually started after the discovery of the transistor（晶体管） effect. Transistor opened the road for the computing world. Computers of various types started hitting the market and the research works got a boost. Some other problems were also there like the assembling（装配，聚集） of the electronic components（电子元器件） on a single mother board（母板，主插件板）. Jack Kilby in Texas Instruments found a very nice solution. He suggested to throw away all the wires（wire：电线，电报） and tried to connect the resistors（电阻器）, capacitors（电容器） and transistors on the same
piece of wafer（圆片，晶片） internally. Surprisingly his ideas worked and gave birth to the integrated circuit（集成电路） industries. 二、Introduction to some courses 1、Direct current circuits & Alternating current circuits（直流电路与交流电路）
This course covers the fundamental theory of passive devices （无源器件）(resistor, capacitor, and inductor（电感器） and electrical networks（电子、电路网络） supplied by a DC source（直流电源）, then an introduction to the effects of alternating voltage and current in passive electrical circuits（electrical circuit：电路） is given. This module also covers DC machines, three phase circuits（三相电路） and transformers（变压器）. 这门课程包括了无源器件（电阻，电容和电感）的基本理论和用直流电源供电的电路网络，接着介绍无源电路中的交流电流和交流电压的作用，这个课程模块还包括了直流电机，三相电路和变压器。
2、Analog electronics（模拟电子技术）
This module introduces the characteristics of semiconductor（半导体） devices in a range of linear（线性的） applications. The following specific topics are covered. Semiconductor diodes（半导体二极管）: PN junction diodes, special purpose diodes; Transistors: field effect and bipolar（双极的） transistors; Signal amplifiers: practical amplifiers, biasing circuits（偏置电路）; Operational amplifiers（运算放大器）
circuits; Other circuit; rectification（整流）, regulation（管理，调节） and DC power supplies. 这个课程模块介绍了半导体器件在线性应用范围中的特征，内容包括半导体二极管：PN结二极管，特殊二极管；三极管：场效应三极管，晶体三极管；信号放大电路：实际放大电路，偏置电路，运算放大器电路；其他电路：整流，稳压，直流电压源电路。
3、Circuit Theory and Design（电路理论和设计）
This unit of study assumes a basic knowledge of elementary circuit theory and operational amplifiers provided by earlier units. One aim of the unit is to enhance understanding of key aspects of the theory of electric circuits. The main goal, however, is to equip students with the specialist knowledge to design active analog filters, to have an understanding of passive network design and to be in a good position to undertake further self study as required. 这个单元学习之前必须具备由前期课程所提供的基本电路理论和运算放大器知识。本单元的学习目标是增强对电路理论的主要方面的理解。而主要目的是：使学生掌握专业知识，可以从事有源模拟滤波器的设计，理解无源网络设计方法，为今后进一步自学打下良好的基础。
三、knowledge about translation 1、科技英语的特点
1）复杂长句多
科技文章要求叙述正确，用词严谨，因此一句话里常常包含多个分句，这种复杂且长长的句子居科技英语难点之首，阅读翻译时要按汉语习惯来加以分析，以短代长，化难为易。
Of course there have been other great advances, in medicine, in transport, in science, in commerce, and many other fields but where would they have been without the instruments and devices that electronics has provided? 当然，许多其他行业如医药、交通、科学、商业等也取得很多进步，但如果没有电子技术所提供的仪器和设备这些行业能取得这么大的进步吗？
2）被动语态多
科技英语为了强调所论述的客观事物，常把它放在句子的首位，以突出其重要性。 Language of C will be used for teaching purposes. Emphasis is towards the use of programming for engineering applications and problem solving. 为达到教学目的而采用C语言，重点放在如何运用编程技术解决工程应用的实际问题。
在翻译中可以根据中文的习惯，不一定要译出被动语态。
The following topics are covered.主要包括以下内容。
3）非谓语动词多
英语每个简单句中，只能用一个谓语动词，如果读到几个动作就必须选出主要动作当谓语，而将其余动作用非谓语动词形式（V-ing, V-ed, to V三种形式），才能符合英语的语法要求。
This module enable the student to program a simple microcontroller to perform typical industrial tasks. 这个模块（教学）使学生能对一个简单的微处理器编程（使其）执行典型的工业任务。
The ability to program these devices will make a student an invaluable asset to the growing electronic industry. 对日益增长的电子工业来说，一个具有微处理器编程能力的学生将会很有用武之地的。（是无价的人才）
Heat is the energy produced by the movement of molecules. 热是分子运动所产生的能量。
A semiconductor diode consists of a PN junction made of semiconductor material. 一个半导体二极管是由一个半导体材料制成的PN结构成。 All metals are fairly hard, compared to nonmetals. 与非金属相比，金属是相当硬的。
Being negative, electrons move always from negative to positive. 电子是负的，所以总是从负极向正极运动。（V-ing短语作原因状语）
分词短语作状语时，前面可用when, while, if, unless, though等连词来加强时间、条件等含义。
When measuring current, the circuit must be opened and the meter inserted in series with the circuit or component to be measured. 当测量电流时，必须断开电路，将万用表与待测电路或元器件串联。
与with(without连用
The density of air varies directly as pressure, with temperature being constant. 在温度不变时，空气密度与压力成正比。
2、翻译技巧
1）单词辨认
charge service charge
服务费
in charge of 负责······
furnaces charge 炉料
induced charge
develop 感应电荷
Economic development 经济发展
Intellectual development 智力开发
Series development 级数展开
Chemical development
power The sixth power of two is 64. 化学显影（冲胶卷）
2的6次方是64。Power在数学中为乘方，幂
Horse power 马力
Rated power 额定功率
1000-power microscope 千倍望远镜
Power network 电力网
Power switch 电源开关
Power export
