不定式和动名词

、动词不定式：构成： to + 动词原形 （to 只是不定式符号，没有意义）

1.动词不定式作主语较长时，常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末

It + is/was+ 形容词 +（for sb.） + 动词不定式

To learn English well is useful. = It 's useful to learn English well. 学好英语是有用的。

To protect environment is important for us.

= It 's important for us to protect environment. 对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。

2.It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 动词不定式

It 's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。

He felt it hard to sleep. 他觉得很难入睡。

I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。

We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。

6.下列动词跟动词不定式充当宾语补助语：

The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答

The room is comfortable to live in. 这个房间住起来很舒服

He is easy to get along with. 他很容易相处

I 'm glad to see youagain. 很高兴再次见到你

She told me to buy a ticket. 她让我去买张票

7.help 后的不定式可带 to, 也可不带 to

The teachers helped the students （to） learn English well. 那些老师帮助学生学好英语。 He often helps his mother （to） tidy up the room. 他经常帮助他妈妈整理房间。

8.不定式作表语表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”等

Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作就是打扫大厅。

My dream is to be a teacher. 我的梦想是当一名教师。

9.不定式作状语的用法

He worked day and night to get the money. （表目的）他日夜工作来赚钱。

He is too young to go to school. （表结果）他太小以致不能上学。

They were very sad to hear the news. （表原因）听到这个消息他们非常伤心。

The question is simple for him to answer.（表程度）这个问题对他来说太容易回答了。

10.动词不定式省 to 的情况

A.一感 feel ,二听 hear, listen to ,三使 have, let, make, 四看 see, watch, look at, notice

B.不定式动词在介词 but, except, besides 后面时，如这些介词前有实义动词 do 的 各种形式 , 则后接不带 to 的不定式。

What do you like to do besidesswim? 除了游泳你还喜欢做什么？

He does nothing but watch TV every day. 他每天除了看电视，什么也不做。 I have no choice but accept the fact. 除了接受这个事实我别无选择。

C.would rather…than, rather than等结构的than之后用不带to的动词不定式。

He would go back to his work rather than stay in hospital.

I would prefer to stay here rather than go there.

D.had better 后不接 to

11.不定式的否定式是在不定式前加 not

They told us not to play basketball too long.

You had better not go to bed late.

12.动词不定式可以和疑问词 who, what, which, when, how, where（why 除外 ）等连用，

构成不定式短语。

Can you tell me how to get to the post office? I didn 'tknow what to do next.

How to learn English well is the question that we all want to ask. The question is when to get there.

、动名词 （动词+ing）作用相当于名词

1. Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。

Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。

a reading room 阅览室

+ing）

mind doing sth 介意做某事 ,

finish doing sth 做完某事

keep doing sth 坚持做某事

spend…（in） doing sth花费时间做某事

have a good time doing sth 做某事很快乐

prefer doing sth to doing sth 与…相比更喜欢做某事

can'thelp doing sth 情不自禁做某事

look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事 pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事

三、不定式与动名词的比较

1．有些动词后面既可接不定式，也可接动名词，意义不变。如：

begin开始，start开始，hate憎恨,like喜欢，love喜爱

2．有些动词后接不定式或名词时，意义差别较大

1） stop doing sth 记得作过某事（某事已做过） stop to so sth 记住去做某事（某事还没做）

2） forget doing sth 忘了作过某事（某事已做过） forget to do sth 忘了去做某事（某事还没做）

3） try to do sth 尽力去做某事

try doing sth 试一试，试试看

4） go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一动作）

go on to do sth 继续去做某事（不同的事）

5） stop doing sth 把某事停下来

stop to do sth 停下（手中事）去做另外的事

非谓语动词（不定式和动名词）专练

( )1. Mother told her son in the street.

A.not play B. to not play C. does n'tplay D. not to play

( )2. His wish was a scientist.

A. to becomes B. becomes C. become D. to become

()3. It 'sraining hard. You ' better

A. go out B. not go out C. not to go out D. to not out

( )4. Do you know washing machine?

A. where to get B. to where to get C. where get

( )5. The students don 'tknow next.

A. how to B. what to do C. what do

()11. I go there this morning, so I stayed.

A. needed not B. didn 'need to C. didn ' D. needn '

()12. After she finished the letter, she went to bed.

A. to write B. writ ing C. written D. wrote

( )13. It was very late at night, he still went on .

A. works B. worked C. worki ng D. work

()14. Have you finish the book?

Not yet. I 'try it to you before Friday.

A. readi ng, returni ng, B. to read, to return C. readi ng, to return, D. to read, retur ning

( )15. The old man is strong eno ugh. He prefers to .

A. walki ng, ridi ng B. walk, ride C. to walk, ride D. walk ing, ride

()16. I have quite a few people .

A. take care of B. to take care of C. to take care D. take care

()17. I usually forget the door, but I remembered it when I left yesterday.

A. clos ing, clos ing B. to close, to close C. to close, clos ing D. clos ing, to close

( )18. I m made thirsty by the strange thing.

A. feel B. feeli ng C. to feel D. felt

()19. Would you please ?

A. not go there B. to go there C. going there D. not to go there

( )20. I m sorry your friend is ill.

A. hear B. to hear C. liste n D. to liste n

()28. Do you want to eat someth ing?

. thanks. I am feeling sick now. I don 'feel like

A. Yes, eat ing someth ing B. No, to eat anything

C.Yes, to eat anything D. No, eat ing anything

( )29. Do you still remember me something in Shanghai?

Yes, of course. Two years ago.

A. to see B. see C. see ing D. saw

( )30. It took us a long time Hawaii but we thought the journey was enjoyable.

A. to get B. gett ing C. to reach D. reach ing

()31. 11 simportant the piano well.

A. watch ing, read B. watch ing, to read C. to watch, read D. to watch, readi ng

( )39. Mother asks me computer games before finishing my homework.

A. not play B. to play C. not to play D. to not play

()40. Will you go shopping together with us this Saturday, Jenny? Yes. .

A. I do B. I d like to C. I d love to do D. I m busy

本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/454b11ac74c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea66e4b0d.html