1. 随着经济的繁荣 with the booming of the economy 2. 随着人民生活水平的显著提高 with the remarkable improvement of people's living standard 3. 先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology 4. 为我们日常生活增添了情趣 add much spice / flavor to our daily life 5. 人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed that… 6. 我同意前者(后者)观点 I give my vote to the former / latter opinion. 7. 引起了广泛的公众关注 Sth. has aroused wide public concern. / Sth has drawn great public attention. 8. 不可否认 It is undeniable that… 9. 热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion / debate 10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 11. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 12. 有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 13. 双方的论点 argument on both sides 14. 发挥日益重要作用 play an increasingly important role in… 15. 对…必不可少 be indispensable to … 16. 正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes: 17. 对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive / negative effects on… 18. 利远远大于弊 The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 19. 导致，引起 lead to / give rise to / contribute to / result in 20. 复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon 21. 责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility / achievement 22. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation 23. 开阔眼界 widen one's horizon / broaden one's vision 24. 学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills 25. 经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden 26. 考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into consideration 27. 从另一个角度 from another perspective 28. 做出共同努力 make joint efforts 29. 对…有益 be beneficial to / be conducive to… 30. 为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society 31. 打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for… 32. 综合素质 comprehensive quality 33. 致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to… 34. 应当承认 Admittedly, 35. 不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty 36. 满足需求 satisfy / meet the needs of... 37. 可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information 38. 宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources 39. 因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写) 40. 方便快捷 convenient and efficient 41. 在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life 42. 环保的材料 environmentally friendly materials
表层次:First; Second; What’s more; In addition; Apart from this; Last but not least; 表观点: Personally; In my opinion; As far as I am concerned; As far as I know; What I want to stress is that…(我想强调的是…); … hold the opinion that… 某人持有…的主张; According to sb, …依照某人的观点看,…; 表转折: However, …… ; …., but … 表让步: Although/ Though, …; Despite the fact that…;表因果: Because/ As…..; Since/ Now that, …Therefore, …; …., thus,…; …., so… ; 表递进: not only…, but also…; …as well as; 表概括: In a word; In short; To sum up; Only in this way can we do it well (只有通过这种办法,我们才能把它做好. 注意: 该句型用倒装语序) ;
一) 连接词 （1）表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：either…or…，neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…。 （2）表因果关系或对等关系的连接词：therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …，because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。 （3）表时间顺序的连接词：the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhyle, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first（second…）time, the minute等。 （4）表转折关系的连接词：yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time（然而）等。 （5）表解释说明的连接词：that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。 （6）表递进关系的连接词：not only…but (also), what，s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。 （7）表示总结的连接词：in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等。 （三）注意以下过渡词的用法 1、表示时间的 af first 起初 next 接下来 then 然后 after that 那以后 later 后来 soon 不久 soon/shortly after ……之后不久 finally 最后 in the end 最后 eventually 最终 at last 终于 lately 近来 recently 最近 since then 自从那时起 after that 那以后 in no time 不一会儿 after a while 一会儿 afterward 后来 to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一点 immediately 立即、马上 meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期间、同时 earlier, until now 直到现在 suddenly=all of a sudden 突然 as a young man 当…… 是个年轻人的时候 at the age of… 在……岁的时候 as early as 早……的时候 as soon as 一……就…… before, the other day 几天前 early in the morning 大清早 after/before dark 天黑后/前 one day 有一天 one afternoon 一天下午 one morning 一天早晨 2、表示空间的 to the right/left 朝右/左 on the rinht/left 在右/左边 in the middle of 在中间 in front of 在前面 in the front of 在前面 at the back of 在后面 at the bottom of 在底部 on the edge of 在……的边上 on top of 在……的顶部 opposite to 与……相对 close to 靠近 near to 在……附近 next to 与……相邻 under 垂直在下 over 垂直在上 below 在下方 above 在上方 across 在……的另一边 around 在周围 behind 在后 before 在前 against 靠着、抵着 further on 再往前 3、表示列举和时序 first, second, third…finally firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally first of all, next then, lastly for one thing…for another… at the same time at first at last 4、表示列举 for example 例如：…… namely 即…… for instance 例如：…… that is (to say) 也就是说 such as 如…… take…for example 拿……来说 like 像…… 5、表示比较或对比 like 像 unlike 不像 similarly 同样地 in the same way 以相同的方式 compared to 与……相比 while 而 still=nevertheless 然而 on the contrary 正相反 different from 与……不同 on (the) one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面 in contrast with 与……成对比 6、表示增补 and 而且 both…and 不但……而且 not only…but also 不但……而且 as well as 不但……而且 also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且 in addition 并且 apart from 除了……之外 what's more 而且、更重要的 for another 另一方面 worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是 including 包括 7、表示因果 because 因为 since 既然 as 由于 now that 既然 therefore 因此 thus 这样 so 所以 as a result (of) 结果 because of=on account of 因为 thanks to 多亏、由于 for this reason 由于这个原因 if so 如果这样 if not 如果不是这样 8、表示目的 for this purpose in order to do so as to do so that… in order that… 9、表示让步 though/although no matter+疑问句 in spite of whatever/however/whoever even if/ even though 10、表示递进或强调 besides 况且 what's more 更重要地是 thus 这样 above all 首先 indeed 的确 in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上 in other words 换句话说 in that case 那样的话 or rather 更确切地说 particularly 特别地 11、表示转折 but 但是 still 然而 however 然而 while 而 12、表示总结 in a/one word 简言之、一句话、总之 generally speaking 一般说来 in short=in a few words 简言之 in conclusion=lastly 最后地 on the whole=taking everything into consideration 从总体来看、大体上 so 所以 therefore 因此 thus 这样 as has been mentioned 正如所提到的 it is quite clear that 很显然 there is no doubt that 毫无疑问 it is well-known that 大家都知道 as we all know=as is known to us all 大家都知道 as/so far as I know 据我所知 to sum up=to summarize=in summary 总之 13、表示转折话题 by the way 顺便说 I am afraid 我恐怕 in my opinion 依我看来 to tell the truth 说实话 to be honest 诚实地说 in face 事实上
第一第一第一第一，，，，连接词过渡句连接词过渡句连接词过渡句连接词过渡句 任何形式的英语文章中都应该具备一定量的连接词(路标词)，因为它们是有助于读者顺利阅读的"导航坐标"；大多数考生在备考时也的确会准备一系列此类连接词，用于文章每个段落的段首；包括有表示"第一，第二，第三"等的连接词。但是单纯有段首连接词还不足以支撑全文的结构，因此考生应该同时准备段中连接词，包括"比如说，因为，但是，相对比而言"等，粗略估计，全文完成下来可以达到15个以上的路标词，不仅承接了全文，结构清晰明了，而且也为时间紧张下的写作减轻了不少字数压力。以下为整理的常用连接词： 1，第一：in the first place/ first and foremost/ to start with/ to begin with/ first of all/ first/ firstly 2，第二：in the second place/ secondly and equal importantly/ to continue/ second/ secondly 3，第三：in the third place/ last but not least/ third/ thirdly 4，一方面、另一方面：on one hand/ on the other hand; for one thing/ for another 5，表原因：because/ because of/ since/ due to/ as/ thanks to/ for/ owing to 6，表结果：so/ therefore/ as a result/ consequently/ as a consequence 7，表举例：for example/ for instance/ such as/ take…as an example/ to illustrate 8，表承接：besides/ furthermore/ moreover/ what's more/ in addition/ additionally 9，表转折：but/ while/ however/ nevertheless/ nonetheless 10，表比较对比： to compare with/ compared with/ in comparison with/ by contrast/ on the contrary
第一节第一节第一节 现象段现象段现象段现象段
1.1.1.1.今昔对照今昔对照今昔对照今昔对照 ⑴While … was only known to a small number of people, … has been widely accepted． ⑵While … used to be a luxury, … has become a household name． ⑶Contrary to the traditional idea that … is always … , now an increasing number of believe that …． 2.数字引用数字引用数字引用数字引用 ⑴According to a recent opinion poll, … quite a number of …． ⑵Statistics show that … double every 6 months． ⑶According to a recent survey, 3 … out of 10 …． ⑷As a recent investigation indicates, the percentage of …is surprisingly high． 3.反面论述反面论述反面论述反面论述 ⑴It’s hard to imagine what the world would be like if …． ⑵Without … ⑶It’s hard to find … who …． 4.现象引述现象引述现象引述现象引述 ⑴It’s indeed the case that … have witnessed …． ⑵… is gaining increasing popularity with …． ⑶Recent years have seen a boom in the number of …． ⑷People take it for granted that …． ⑸Many a person admires(the policy)that …． 5.论点引述论点引述论点引述论点引述 ⑴… is one of the contro⑵There is always some controversy over whether …． ⑶A much debated issue these days is whether … or not． ⑷There has sprung up a heated discussion as to whether …． ⑸Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern that …． ⑹A hot topic discussed today is whether or not …． 第二节第二节第二节第二节 重要性段重要性段重要性段重要性段 ⑴… plays a key/vital role in …． ⑵… is of vital importance to …． ⑶There’s no denying the fact that … is indispensable to …in various ways． ⑷… ，as in the case of many issues, has both positive and negative aspects． ⑸The importance of … cannot be overstated． ⑹… has a profound influence on …． ⑺… has found wide application in various fields． ⑻Now great importance has been attached to …． ⑼The merit of … lies in many ways． 1.金字塔型金字塔型金字塔型金字塔型：：：： ⑴First/In the first place/Fist of all/To begin with ⑵Besides/Moreover/Furthermore/In addition/What’s more ⑶Most important of all 2.倒金字塔型倒金字塔型倒金字塔型倒金字塔型：：：：⑴Above all ⑵Moreover/Furthermore ⑶Last but not least 3.平行法平行法平行法平行法∶∶∶∶⑴For one thing … ．For another …． ⑵On the one hand …, one the other hand …． 第三节第三节第三节第三节 危害问题段危害问题段危害问题段危害问题段 ⑴… poses a tremendous threat to …． versial issues of our times among …⑵… the disadvantages … cannot be ignored． ⑶… may create a sequence of problems to …． ⑷… may cause some side-effects． ⑸Every coin has 2 sides, so does the matter of …．Its negative sides/aspects cannot be overlooked． ⑹The negative aspects of … are also obvious． ⑺One major disadvantage of … is that …．Another disadvantage is …． A further disadvantage is…． 第四节第四节第四节第四节 他人观点段他人观点段他人观点段他人观点段 ⑴When it comes to …/Faced with …, quite a few people claim/argue that …，but other people view it differently． ⑵As far as … is concerned, opinions vary widely． ⑶People’s attitudes toward … vary from individual to individual．Some maintain that … They assume that …．However, others think of … as …．They criticize…． ⑷Some people believe …．Others claim …．Still others argue …． ⑸Quite a few people, who strongly advocate … argue …．On the other hand, an increasing number of people, who believe … maintain …． ⑹Those who object to it claim …．But those who support it argue …． ⑺Quite a few people claim …．More and more people, however, come to realize that …． 第五节第五节第五节第五节 解释原因段解释原因段解释原因段解释原因段 ⑴The phenomenon is due to a couple of factors． One major factor is …．A further fact is…． ⑵Two main factors contribute to the …．On one hand …．On the other hand …．⑶A number of factors, both individual and social, can account for/explain result in the phenomenon. For one thing, …．For another …．A third contributing factor is …． ⑷There are many reasons for … but generally they can comedown to 3．One reason for this is …．Another reason is …． One strong reason for my argument is …． ⑸One major reason is …．The fact that … can be another reason．A further reason is that …． ⑹… is frequently connected to …．… may also have led to…． It’s generally true to say that …． ⑺Reasons for … are numerous．The chief reason is that …．A second good reason is that …．Still another reason is that…． ⑻One may attribute/ascribe/owe to …． ⑼One may trace the phenomenon back to …． 第六节第六节第六节第六节 比较段比较段比较段比较段 ⑴Like … ⑵Similarly/Likewise/In the same way … ⑶Just as … ⑷Compared with … ⑸… differs from … in several ways． ⑹The advantages of … outweigh those of …． ⑺It’s hard to say whether the advantages outweigh the disadvantages or vice versa⑻Another important difference is … while …． ⑼… outshine … 第七节第七节第七节第七节 举例段举例段举例段举例段 ⑴History/Life is filled with examples． A good case in point is …．Another good illustration is … ⑵Take … as an example． ⑶To take a random example, …． ⑷Just suppose what would be like/happen if …． ⑸A case in point is …．Another case in point is …． ⑹A good case in point is …．It's the same case with …． This is also true of …． 第八节第八节第八节第八节 概念过程段概念过程段概念过程段概念过程段 ⑴There is an old saying/proverb, … , which suggest/indicates that …． ⑵There are a couple of /various approaches/accesses to +ing ⑶… are faced/confronted with …． ⑷There’s a correlation between …． ⑸As a famous saying/philosopher once put it, “ … ”，it’s clear that …． 第九节第九节第九节第九节 驳斥段驳斥段驳斥段驳斥段 ⑴At first sight, … appears to be entirelypositive/beneficial． However, further analysis reveals drawbacks to the way of thinking． ⑵It’s true that … , but it doesn’t mean/follow/say that… On the contrary, we should …． ⑶It’s understandable that …．Howev⑷The main problem with the view is …． ⑸Admittedly … but this is not to say …． ⑹There is no denying/doubt/question that … but it doesn’t follow …． 第十节第十节第十节第十节 措施段措施段措施段措施段 ⑴Measures/Actions should be taken to cope with the problem. To begin with …．Next …．Last but not least …． ⑵One suggestion to this problem is to …．Another suggestion…．A further suggestion is that …． ⑶One major solution to … is to …．The fact that … can be another solution．Still another solution is that …． ⑷Now it’s high time something was done to cope with …． On the one/other hand …．Only in this way shall we …． ⑸Several possible solutions have been put forward．One is …Another is …．Undoubtedly there’s a long way before …． e.g.: enhance people’s awareness of water conservation new water-saving technology must be put to wide practice，such as recycling water cleaning and exacting fresh water from the sea．Only when all of us realize how urgent it is to practice water economy are we likely to lead a happy life in the future． 第十一节第十一节第十一节第十一节 个人观点段个人观点段个人观点段个人观点段 1.观点：⑴I quite agree with the statement that …． ⑵Personally, I’m in favor of the former/the latter …． ⑶To may mind, I’m on the side of …． ⑷For my part, I side with … as the result of the following considerations． ⑸As I see it, …．er, this is not to say…．⑹In my opinion/view， ⑺It seems to me that …． ⑻As far as I am concerned，… 2.预测：⑴It can be safety predicted that …． ⑵It’s clear that/It goes without saying that …． ⑶It is anticipated that this upward/downward trend will continue/persist. 第十二节第十二节第十二节第十二节 图表图表图表图表 ⑴The table/chart/graph/diagram shows/describes/illustrates/indicates/reflects/reveals/demonstrates that the number/percentage of …increased/rose/grew/decreased/ fell/dropped/ declined considerably between … and…． ⑵The period 1988-1998 saw a slow/gradual/steady/significant/rapid/dramatic/sharp increase in the number of/in the percentage of …． ⑶The greatest increase was in …ownership, rising from …to…Next/Then came …ownership, growing from … to …． ⑷rose to/by ⑸reach a peak/hit the bottom ⑹The fluctuation/The rise and fall/the ups and downs of …reveals …． ⑺Similarly, this figure also fluctuated over the same period
英文连接词 （1）表示增加的过渡词：also，and，and then，too，in addition(此外），further more（进一步），more over(让位），again，on top of that（最重要的是），another，first second third等。
（2）表示时间顺序的过渡词：now，then，before，after，afterwards（然后），earlier早先的时候，later后来，immediately立刻，soon，next，in a few days（几天后），gradually渐渐的，suddenly突然，finally等。
（3）表示空间顺序的过渡词：near（to），far（from），in front of，behind，beside，beyond，above，below，to the right left，around，outside等。
（4）表示比较的过渡词：in the same way，just like，just as等。
（5）表示对照的过渡词：but，still，yet但是，however，on the other hand，on the contrary正相反，in spite of尽管，even though虽然 等。
（6）表示结 果 和 原 因 的 过 渡 词：because，since，so，as a result结果，therefore因此，then，thu因此，otherwise另外的 等。
（7）表示目的的过渡词：for this reason为此，for this purpose为此，so that所以等。
（8）表示强调的过渡词：in fact，indeed的确，surely，necessarily，certainly当然，without any doubt任何：任何的，truly真实的，to repeat重做，above all首先：尤其是，most important等。
（9）表示解释说明的过渡词：for example，in fact，in this case既然这样，for actually实际上， for instance例如 等。
（10）表示总结的过渡词：in a word,above all尤其是,all in all总而言之,finally，at last，in conclusion总之，as I have shown我已经显示，in another word换句话说，in brief简言之，in short总之；简言之，in general总之；一般而言，on the whole基本上，as has been stated如前所述 等。
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