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首页 > 江苏海门市2020高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编(一)及参考答案

江苏海门市2020高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编(一)及参考答案

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江苏海门市2020高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编（一）及参考答案

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D中,选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：人物介绍时间：6分钟
PeterByfordwasborninastonehouseinHonley，andwhenhewastinyhisdad，aformerminer，gotajobinthetextiletradeandtheByford'smovedtoSkelmanthorpe.Lifewastoughbutfun，andyoungPeterspenthisdaysintherollingcountryside，raftingontheriver，makingtreecampsorplayingonhisownwithhismodelrailwayandsoldiers.
Hisworldwasrockedbytragedywhenhismotherdied，whichdestroyedyoungPeter，ashychildwhosuddenlyhadtogrowupfast.Thoughgrieving，hewentuptheroadtolivewithhisauntanduncle，andreturnedhomemuchtooyoungtofacethenextchallenge，thatoflookingafterhisdad，whohadlostanarminanaccidentinafactory.
BythenhehadtakenthenicknameasBiff.TheyoungerBiffstruggledatschoolbecauseofhisshyness，butlovedthemusiclessonsandbecamefriendswithaclassmatewhosebrotherhadaguitar.Atthesametimeayoungmanwhohadabanjo(班卓琴movedintothehouseoppositewherehelivedandhetaughtyoungBiffhowtoplayit.Theseedshadbeensownandmusicbegantoinfluencehislife.
Butevenso，hisworkingcareerbegan，intypicalfashionfor1960sWestYorkshire.Afterashorttimeasanapprentice(学徒carpenter，hewenttoworkinthelocalweavingfactory.AndthiswaswhereBiffByford，soontobecomealegendintheworldofrock，firstlearnedtosing.Themachineswouldrunallday，clickety-clack，clickety-clack.Thenoisewasincredible，andtheworkerswouldspendtheirtimetryingtolipreadeachother.
Itwasjustsonoisyinthere.Itwasreallyheavymetal.Theonlythingtodowassingtoyourself.Sosingtohimselfhedid，themelodies(旋律lockinginplaceinhishead，nottobeforgotten.Hisdreamfirstexplodedintoarockingreality.
【语篇导读】PeterByfords的演唱生涯起源于他周围的人和他的工作环境的影响。1．WhenPeterByfordwasborn______.A．hisfamilymovedtoSkelmanthorpeB．hisfatherworkedinthetextiletradeC．hisfatherprobablytookajobinHonleyD．hisfamilylivedaverypoorlife
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解析推理判断题。依据文章第一段可知，PeterByford出生在Honley，他是个孩子时，因为父亲的工作一家人迁移到Skelmanthorpe，因此很可能父亲以前就在Honley拥有一份工作。故选C项。答案C
2．PeterByfordhadtoleavehisauntanduncle______.A．becausehismotherpassedawayB．becauseofhisfather'spoorhealth
C．becausehewantednottostaywithhisfatherD．becauseofhisfullybeinggrown-up
解析细节理解题。依据文章第二段的whohadlostanarminanaccidentinafactory可知，父亲的身体状况不好，需要PeterByford的照顾。故选B项。答案B
3．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphimply?
A．Petergotinfluencedalotbyhisclassmateandtheyoungman.B．theclassmatetaughtPeterhowtoplaytheguitar.C．Petersharedahousewiththeyoungman.D．TheyoungBiffhadaneyeforgoodfriends.
解析细节理解题。文章第三段谈到了Peter遇到的两个音乐爱好者，文中的Theseedshadbeensownandmusicbegantoinfluencehislife.说明，Peter的音乐之路受他们的影响。故选A项。答案A
4．Whileworkinginthelocalweavingfactory______.A．PeterstartedasanapprenticecarpenterB．PetertreatedhislifeinapositivewayC．PeterwasverytiredofthenoisyworkplaceD．Peterlearnedhowtolipreadbyhimself
解析推理判断题。依据文章第四段可知，虽然纺织厂车间内声音嘈杂，但是Peter在嘈杂中开始唱歌，他的歌唱生涯也是在那个时候开始的。故选B项。答案B
5．WhatwouldhappentoPeterlater?
A．Hewouldremainworkinginthefactoryforever.B．Hewouldputforwardsuggestionstotheboss.
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C．Hewouldtelltheworkerstokeepsilent.D．Hewouldfindwaystorealizehisdream.
解析推理判断题。依据文章尾段的Hisdreamfirstexplodedintoarockingreality.可知，他会把自己的梦想变成现实。故选D项。答案D。
黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习——科普环保类
ScientistsfromChina,SwedenandtheUnitedStatedhavedevelopedahigh-producingricethatcanreducemethaneemission(甲烷排放,amajorgreenhousegasblamedforglobalwarming,fromricefields,accordingtoapaperpublishedonthelatestissueofNature.
Byinsertingabarley(大麦geneintorice,SunChuanxinandhiscolleaguescreatedSUSIBA2Rice,whichstoresmorestarch(淀粉inthesectionofthericeaboveground,accordingtoapaperpublishedonthelatestissueofNature.Thismeansthegrainswillhavemorestarchwhiletherootwillexudelessnutrientsthatwilllaterbeturnedintomethanebymicrobes(微生物inthesoil,Sun,whoworkswithSwedishUniversityofAgriculturalSciences,toldXinhua.
"Itsolvestwomajorproblemsmankindfacesatonetime:environmentaldegradationandtheneedforincreasedgrainoutput,"WangFeng,anotherscientist,said,addingthatthericecancutmethanedischargebymorethan90percentduringsummerandmorethanhalfduringautumn,as"thericedisplaysagreateremissionreductioneffectinhightemperatures."Meanwhile,small-scaletrialshavealsosuggestedanincreasedoutput:asingleplantofthenewbreedhas300moregrainswithastarchcontent10percenthigher.Wangsaidtheteamisworkingonapplicationsforthericeindifferentareas,seasonsandusingdifferentfarmingtechniques."It'sstillfarawayfrommassapplication,butatleastweseethelightofhope."
Human-inducedmethane,thoughlessabundantthancarbondioxideintheair,isresponsiblefor20percentoftheglobalwarmingeffect.Ricepaddiesarethelargestsinglesourceofmethanelinkedtohumanactivity.AccordingtotheMinistryofAgriculture,Chinaproduces209milliontonsofricein2014,or28percentoftheworld'stotalof734million.
【小题1】SUSIBA2Ricewillbeamajorbreakthroughbecause_______.
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A．ittasteswithabarleyflavor
B．itwellbalancesenvironmentalprotectionandgrainsincreaseC．itcontainsmorestarchthantheordinaryriceD．itgivesofflessmethaneinsummerthaninwinter【小题2】Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A．ScientistswillsoongrowthenewriceinlargeareasB．Human-relatedmethanecontributesmosttoglobalwarmingC．ChinamaycontributegreatlytoglobalwarmingreductionD．Ricefieldswillbereducedallovertheworld【小题3】Thepurposeofthiswritingisto________.
A．askpeopletocutdownontheirdependenceonriceconsumptionB．drawpeople’sattentiontotheseriousconsequencesofglobalwarmingC．introduceanewkindofgenetically-modifiedriceanditspossiblebenefitsD．indicatehuman-relatedmethanealoneistoblameforglobalwarmingeffects


阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省深圳市高三上期末考试】DearKind-Trustee-Who-Sends-Orphans-to-College,
HereIam!Itraveledyesterdayforfourhoursinatrain.It’safunnyfeeling,isn’tit?Inever
rodeinonebefore.
Collegeisthebiggest,mostpuzzlingplace—IgetlostwheneverIleavemyroom.Iwillwrite
youadescriptionlaterwhenI’mfeelinglessconfused;alsoIwilltellyouaboutmylessons.Classesdon’tbeginuntilMondaymorning,andthisisSaturdaynight.ButIwantedtowritealetterfirstjusttogetacquainted.
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Itseemsstrangetobewritingletterstosomebodyyoudon'tknow.Itseemsstrangeformeto
bewritinglettersatall—I'veneverwrittenmorethanthreeorfourinmylife,sopleaseoverlookitifthesearenotamodelkind.
Beforeleavingyesterdaymorning,Mrs.LippettandIhadaveryserioustalk.Shetoldmehowtobehavealltherestofmylife,andespeciallyhowtobehavetowardsthekindgentlemanwhoisdoingsomuchforme.Imusttakecaretobeveryrespectful.
ButhowcanonebeveryrespectfultoapersonwhowishestobecalledJohnSmith?Why
couldn’tyouhavepickedoutanamewithalittlepersonality?ImightaswellwriteletterstoDearFlagpoleorDearClothes-line.
Ihavebeenthinkingaboutyouagreatdealthissummer;havingsomebodytakeaninterestin
meafteralltheseyearsmakesmefeelasthoughIhadfoundasortoffamily.ItseemsasthoughIbelongedtosomebodynow,andit’saverycomfortablefeeling.Imustsay,however,thatwhenIthinkaboutyou,myimaginationhasverylittletoworkupon.TherearejustthreethingsthatIknow:I,Youaretall.Ⅱ.Youarerich.Ⅲ.Youhategirls.
IsupposeImightcallyouDearMr.Girl-Hater.Onlythat'sratherrudetome.OrDearMr.
Rich-Man,butthat'srudetoyou,asthoughmoneyweretheonlyimportantthingaboutyou.Besides,beingrichissuchaveryexternalquality.Maybeyouwon’tstayrichallyourlife;lotsofveryclevermengetbrokeinWallStreet.Butatleastyouwillstaytallallyourlife!SoI'vedecidedtocallyouDearDaddy-Long-Legs.Ihopeyouwon’tmind.It’sjustaprivatepetnamewewon’ttellMrs.Lippett.
Theteno’clockbellisgoingtoringintwominutes.Ourdayisdividedintosectionsbybells.
Weeatandsleepandstudybybells.It'sverylifeful.Thereitgoes!Lightsout.Goodnight.
Yoursmostrespectfully,JerushaAbbott
ToMr.Daddy-Long-LegsSmith
本文是一个受赞助上大学的女孩子给自己的赞助者写的一封信。告诉对方自己刚到学校，但对学校还不熟悉。写信人的主旨是想表达自己对赞助人的感谢，但由于根本不知道对方到底是个什么样的人，在信里作者做了几个猜测，最后决定称呼对方Daddy-Long-LegsSmith，以此拉近彼此的距离。并表达了自己对现在有规律的生活感觉很好。36.Jerushafelt“confused”because__________.
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ObservehowpreciselyIobeyrules—duetomytrainingintheJohnGrierHome.



A.shehadneverwrittentothetrusteebeforeB.shewasnotfamiliarwiththecollegeyetC.shecouldneverfindthewaytoherhomeD.shehadnevertraveledonatrainbefore

【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。作者在第二段第二句说到等她lessconfused的时候，就会写一个详细的description，结合上一句的主题，这里的description是指对大学的描述。问中还提到作者一出门就迷路，可见，是因为初到学校，对学校不熟悉，使作者感到confused，因此本题选B。
37.Jerushathoughtthatshecouldn’tbeveryrespectfulto“JohnSmith”because__________.
A.hewasatotalstrangertoher
B.shewassureitwasafalseidentity
C.thenamewastoocommon
D.nobodywouldliketobecalledthattime【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。第五段第二句中的pickout表明Jerushar认为JohnSmith这个名字是收信人自己随便挑的，也就是说，她认为这个名字是假的，因此本题应选B。第五段中，关键词是pickout。
38.AccordingtoJerusha,beingrichmaybe__________.
A.tentative
B.unimaginable
C.traditional
D.rude
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。A.实验性的，暂停的，踌躇的；B.不可思议的，难以想象的；C.传统的，惯例的；D.粗鲁的，狂暴的。Jerusha讲了即使在华尔街的很多聪明人都会遇到破产（getbroke）,所以在她看来，富有不一定会是一辈子的事情，可能会遇到变故而变得不富有，因此本题选A。其它三个选项都不是Jerusha的想法。
39.Thefactthatherdayis“dividedintosectionsbybells”makesJerushafeel__________.
A.busy
B.restrictedbyrules
C.pressedfortimeD.fullofenergy
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。倒数第二段中的“It'sverylifeful.”表明Jerusha认为听着铃声来安排生活使她觉得“充满活力”，由此可见，本题选D。
40.JerushadecidedtocallthetrusteeDearDaddy-Long-legs__________.
A.inordertoshowherrespectforhim

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B.becauseitwasoneofhisinnerqualityC.inordertomakethemfeelclosertoeachother
D.becauseshehadalwayswantedafather【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。倒数第三段中的“It’sjustaprivatepetname”表明Jerusha认为DearDaddy-Long-legs这个名字表示一种“爱”，“爱称”只有关系亲密的人之间使用，由此可见，Jerusha使用这个称呼是为了拉近距离，因此，本题选C。
黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习——科普环保类
Ifyouhadastrangesoundinyourear,whatwouldyoudo?OnemaninWaleswhothoughthehadaflyinhisearcalled999,theemergencyservicesnumberinBritain.Andsodidawomanwhowasworriedabouthergreenpotatoes.Couldshemakechipswiththem?Weretheypoisonous?Shedidn’thesitateaboutcallingthelocalambulanceservicetoask.Accordingtoarecentreport,morethan31,000non-urgentcallsweremadetotheWelshAmbulanceServiceinthelastyear.
Inappropriatecallsareaheadacheforhealthprofessionalseverywhere.IntheUS,prankcallsto911happenonadailybasis.Manycallersuseappswhichhidetheiridentity.Butthosewhotrytobefunnyshouldn’tbesurprisedifthepolicehavethelastlaugh.OnemanfromColoradowasarrestedformakingmorethan1,200prankcalls,accordingtoareportontheUStelevisionstationKOAA—TV.
Peoplewhotakethesecallsaretrainedtostaycalmandkeepastraightface,nomatterhowstrangethecallsounds.“There’snowayforustoknowwhetherthecallisreal,accidentaloraprankcall,”saidapublicsafetyworkerinterviewedbytheAmericanTVchannel.
TheHeadofClinicalServicesattheWelshAmbulanceService,RichardLee,hasawarningforprankcallers.Hesays:“Whenpeoplemisusetheserviceitmeansourprecioustimeisbeingtakenawayfromsomeonewhoreallydoesneedourhelp.”Indeed,thesehotlinesaresupposedtohelptheseriouslyillorthosewithalife-threateninginjury.Youneverknow,oneday,thepersonwhoneedsassistancecouldbeyouorsomeoneinyourfamily.【小题1】Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?
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A．Bygivingexamples.C．Bylistingfigures.
B．Bytellingastory.D．Bymakingacomparison.
【小题2】Accordingtothetext,prankcallsareusually________.A．meanttobehelpfulC．thoughthighlyof
B．dealtwithintimeD．madetoplaytricks
【小题3】Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“havethelastlaugh”inParagraph2probablymean?A．winatlast.C．laughatthem.
B．neverfindthem.D．knownothing.
【小题4】Whatdoestheauthorintendtosuggestinthetext?A．Prankcallsareusuallyeasytoidentify.B．Operatorsfeelannoyedbystrangecallers.C．Prankcallsmaycauseseriousresults.D．Prankcallersshouldbepunishedbylaw.


阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省深圳市高三上期末考试】
AlittlegirlinmyfamilygotatypewriterforChristmas.Notalaptop.Nothingwithascreen.Theold-fashionedmanualkind.
Typewritershadprettymuchgonethewayofdodobirdsquitesomeyearsbeforemy
granddaughterwasborn.Butitwasthetypewriterusedbyajournalistinthemovie“KitKittredge:AnAmericanGirl”thatattractedher.
Ormaybeitwasthewaythetypewriterwasused.Inthemovie,Kitdoesold-fashionedjournalismandwritesstoriesthathelprightawrong.Inachallengingenvironmentshekeepsherwits—andastrongsenseofethics(道德—abouther.
第8页（共10页）


However,anotherreporter,ChuckTatumin“AceintheHole”istotallydifferent.Hetellsaneditor,“Ifthere’snonews,I’llgooutandbiteadog.”Later,referringtoasigninthenewsroomthatreads“TelltheTruth,”Tatumacknowledgessomeguilt.But,“Notenoughtostopmeonmywaytothetop.”
Inbothmovies,thejournalistsusetypewriters.It’swhattheydowiththemthatmakesthedifference.Andtoday,it’swhatwedowithourhardware—thejournalismweproduce—thatmakesthedifference.
Typewritershavelongsincegivenwaytolaptops,cameraphonesandvideophones.ButhereatThomsonReuters(路透社,andinthemediaasawhole,theneedforastrongsenseofethicshasneverbeenmorenecessary.
Tome,attheheartofethicsarethepreservation(保持ofhonesty,independenceandfreedomfromprejudice.Itmeansethicsandstandardsarecompatiblewithinnovation(革新.Infact,theyhavetogohandinhand.There’salotofroomforinnovationhere,butthere’snoroomforaChuckTatum,whowoulddoanythingtogettothetop.
Inabout2020,mygranddaughterwillprobablybeusingtechnologythathasn’tbeendevelopedyettoworkonherschool“newspaper”.Shewon’tbeusinghertypewriterbutshewill,Ihope,beusingwhatshe’slearnedfromthejournalistsofthisgeneration.It’suptoustosettherightexample.
41.WhatdoesChuckTatummeanbysaying“biteadog”?A.Hetriesallsortsoftrickstoachievehisgoal.B.Heacknowledgeshisguiltoftellinglies.C.Heattractspeople’sattentioninthestreet.D.Hebecomesmadbecausethere’snonews.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由“Notenoughtostopmeonmywaytothetop.”可知ChuckTatum会尝试各种手段去达到自己的目标。
42.Accordingtotheauthor,reallygoodjournalistsarethosewho__________.A.arecrazyabouttheworklikeChuckTatumB.cantakewhatevermeanstoattractthepublicC.arehonest,independentandfreefromprejudiceD.werelivinginthetimewhentypewriterswereused.【答案】C
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【解析】细节理解题。前面通过比较KitKittredge和ChuckTatum，可以看出一个真正的记者需要有强烈的道德观，结合倒数第二段“attheheartofethicsarethepreservation(保持ofhonesty,independenceandfreedomfromprejudice.”可知真正的好记者是诚实，独立并且没有偏见的。故选C。
43.Thepassagemayimplythat__________.A.Dodobirdsarestilllivingontheearth.
B.ThomsonReuterswillnotemployajournalistlikeChuckTatumC.Typewritersaremorepopulartothejournaliststhanlaptops
D.whatmattersisthatjournalistsshouldusetheirnew-fashionedhardware
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由“ButhereatThomsonReuters(路透社,andinthemediaasawhole,theneedforastrongsenseofethicshasneverbeenmorenecessary.”以及前面对ChuckTatum不择手段获取目标的描述，可知路透社不会雇佣像ChuckTatum一样的记者。故本题选B。44.Thepurposeofthepassageis__________.A.toadvocatethesenseofethicsinjournalismB.tocriticizethelackofethicsamongjournalistsC.toaskadultstosetagoodexamplefortheyoungD.toencouragemorepeopletoworkonnewspapers【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由“Itmeansethicsandstandardsarecompatiblewithinnovation(革新.”和“Ihope,beusingwhatshe’slearnedfromthejournalistsofthisgeneration.”可知本文的目的是提倡新闻界的道德观。故选A。
45.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?A.Peopleingeneral.


B.FansofAmericanfilms.
C.Childrenlikehisgranddaughter.D.Thejournalistsofthisgeneration.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。本文通过打字机引出两位不同新闻工作者的对比，说明道德观的重要性。所以它的目标读者应该是这一代的新闻工作者。
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