Lesson 1
Question:
1. Why did John Koshak decide to stay although he knew the hurricane would be bad?
For the following reasons: For one thing, the house was 23 feet above sea level; for another,he was unwilling to abandon his home.
2. How did the man prepare for the hurricane? Why was a generator necessary?
They filled bathtubs and pails. Besides, they checked out batteries for portable radio and flashlights, and fuel for the lantern. A generator was necessary because John's father wired several light bulbs to it and prepared a connection to the refrigerator.
3. What made it impossible for the Koshak to escape?
It was impossible for the Koshers to escape both by car and on foot. The car's electrical system had been killed by water. Meanwhile, the water became too deep for them to escape on foot.
4. Why did John Koshak feel a crushing guilt?
Because he blamed himself for underestimating the power of the hurricane and then endangering the whole family by his wrong decision not to flee safer inland.
5. Why did Grandma Koshak ask children to be sing?
A: Because she knew how frightened the children were and wanted to boost their spirit.
6. What was a hurricane party? What happened to the party gores?
A hurricane party was the one that was held by several vacationers to enjoy the spectacle of the hurricane with a clear and broad view in the fancy Richelieu Apartments from where they believed they would be safe. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart by the hurricane and 26 people perished.
7. What did Grandma Koshak mean when she said," We lost practically all our possessions, but the family came through it. When I think of that, I realize we lost nothing important?"
She meant that human lives are more important than material possessions.
8. How did the community of Gulfport act after Hurricane Camille was over?
They managed to make their lives return to normal and began rebuilding their community without any delay.
Paraphrase:
1. We're elevated 23 feet.
Our house is 23 feet above sea level.
2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it.
The house was built in 1915 and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it.
3. We can batten down and ride it out.
We can prepare ourselves for the hurricane and manage to survive it without much damage.
4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out.
Water got into the generator, and it didn't work. As a result, the lights were put out.
5. Everybody out the back door to the cars!
Everybody go out though the back door and get into the cars.
6. The electrical system had been killed by water.
The electrical system in the cars had been destroyed by water.
7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt.
When John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for understanding the ferocity of Camille and endangering the whole family by making the wrong decision not flee inland.
8. Get us through this mess, will you?
Oh, god! Please help us to get through the danger situation.
9. She carried on alone for a few bars, then her voice trailed away.
She sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.
10. Janis had just one delayed reaction.
Janis didn't show her fear on the spot during the hurricane, but she revealed her emotions caused by the hurricane several nights after the hurricane by getting up in the middle of the night, going outside and crying softly.
翻译：
1. But, like thousands of others in the coastal communities, John was reluctant to abandon his home unless the family---his wife, Janis, and their seven children, aged 3 to 11--- was clearly endangered. 但是，和沿海地区其他成千上万的人一样，约翰不愿舍弃自己的家园，除非他的家人—自己的家人贾妮斯以及他们的7个孩子，大的11岁，小的才3岁—明显处于危险之中。
2. The French doors in an upstairs room blew in with an explosive sound, and the group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated.随着一声巨响，楼上一个房间的法式落地双开门被风吹倒了。大家还听到楼上其他玻璃窗破碎时发出的像开枪一样的啪啪响声。
3. Frightened, breathless and wet, the group settled on the stairs, which were protected by two interior walls. 大家都吓坏了，气喘吁吁的，浑身都湿透了。 他们坐在楼梯上，楼梯两侧有内墙保护着。
4. Everyone knew there was no escape; they would live or die in the house. 大家都明白已无路可逃，无论是死是活他们都只能待在这个房子里了。
5. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet though the air. 不一会儿，一阵强风刮过，将整个屋顶掀到了空中，并将其抛到40英尺以外。
6. In its concentrated breadth of some 70 miles it shot out winds of nearly 200 mph and raised tides as high as 300 feet.在飓风中心纵约70英里宽的范围内，风速接近每小时200英里，掀起的浪高达30英尺。
7. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads. 没被飓风刮倒的树上像结彩似的挂满被撕成布条的衣服，吹断的电线像黑色的意大利细面条一样盘成一圈一圈地散落在路面上。
8. It could have been depressing, but it wasn't: each salvaged item represented a little victory over wrath of the storm. 这个工作本来会令人沮丧，可事实上并分如此:每一件侥幸保存下来的物品都代表着与这场狂暴的飓风斗争的一个小小的胜利。
Lesson 2
Questions
1. Can you guess the writer’s occupation? What detail in the text supports your guess?
The writer must be a journalist or reporter. The detail“The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I’d previously taken.”in paragraph1 can guess.
2. What do you think of the aim of the visit?
The aim of the visit is to gather some information about or to report on today’s Hiroshima.
3. What thoughts were on his mind when the writer arrived at the railway station of Hiroshima? What was his attitude toward the atomic bombing of Hiroshima?
A lot of sad thoughts were on his mind. His attitude was full of sorrow and repentance, and obviously, he had a guilty conscience when he thought of the atomic bombing.
4. Did the writer find the Japanese crowds preoccupied with the same thoughts?
No. They didn’t appear to have the same preoccupations that the writer had.
5. How did Hiroshima strike the writer?
Although Hiroshima was destroyed by an atomic bomb on August6,1945,things seemed much the same as in other Japanese cities.
6. Why did the mayor’s speech puzzle the writer? What had the writer expected the mayor to say?
Because the writer didn’t expect a speech about oyster then. He thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact of the atomic cataclysm. He expected the mayor to talk about the bomb, the misery and the humanity’s most heinous crime.
7. Where did the writer go after the reception? What was the purpose of his visit?
After the reception, the writer went to visit the atomic ward of a hospital in Hiroshima. The purpose of his visit was to interview patients here.
8. Why did some victims commit suicide?
Because it is humiliating to survive in Hiroshima. As is stated in paragraph 34, if a person bears any visible scars of atomic burns, his or her children will encounter prejudice on the part of those who do not. No one will marry the daughter or the niece of an atomic bomb victim. People are afraid of genetic damage from the radiation.
Paraphrase
1) Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them.
They were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them.
2) At last this intermezzo came to an end, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall
Finally the taxi trip came to an end and I suddenly discovered that I was in front the huge City Hall.
3) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.
The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between old tradition and new development.
4) I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.
1 suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.
5) The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.
The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as 1 was．
6) After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.
After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude．
7) I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie.
I was on the point of showing my assent by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant．His words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking．
8) …and nurses walked by carrying nickel-plated instruments, the very sight of which would send shivers down the spine of any healthy visitor.
And nurses passed carrying nickel-plated instruments. Even healthy visitor would shiver when they saw those surgical instruments.
9) Because, thanks to it, I have the opportunity to improve my character.
I have the chance to perfect my character because of the illness.
翻译
1. And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say.其次，则是因为我当时心情沉重，喉咙哽噎，忧思万缕，几乎顾不上去管那日
本铁路官员说些什么。
2. The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I'd previously taken. Was I not at the scene of the crime?
踏上这块土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，对我来说这行动本身已是一套令人激动的经历，其意义远远超过我以往所进行的任何一次旅行或采访活动。难道我不就是在犯罪现场吗?
3. The tall buildings of the martyred city flashed by as we lurched from side to side in response to the driver's sharp twists of the wheel.
这座曾惨遭劫难的城市的一座座高楼大厦从我们身边飞掠而过，而我的身子也随着司机手中方向盘的一次次急转而前俯后仰，东倒西歪。
4. Quite unexpectedly, the strange emotion which had overwhelmed me at the station returned, and I was again crushed by the thought that I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment, where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony.
出人意料的是，刚到广岛车站时袭扰着我的那种异样的忧伤情绪竟在这时重新袭上心头，我的心情又难受起来，因为我又一次意识到自己置身于曾遭受第一颗原子弹轰击的现场。这儿曾有成千上万的生命顷刻之间即遭毁灭，还有成千上万的人在痛苦的煎熬中慢慢死去。
5. Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its—oysters”.
难得有个城市像广岛这样闻名遐迩。我既高兴而又自豪地欢迎诸位来到广岛。令广岛如此举世闻名的乃是它的——牡蛎。6. There are two different schools of thought in this city of oysters, one that would like to preserve traces of the bomb, and the other that would like to get rid of everything, even the monument that was erected at the point of impact.
在这个以牡蛎闻名的城市里有两种截然不同的意见，一种主张保存原子弹爆炸留下的痕迹，另一种则主张销毁一切痕迹，甚至要拆除立于爆炸中心的纪念碑。
7. If you write about this city, do not forget to say that it is the gayest city in Japan, even it many of the town's people still bear hidden wounds, and burns.
假如您要描写这座城市的话，千万别忘记告诉人们这是日本最快乐的城市，尽管这里的市民许多人身上还带着暗伤和明显的灼伤。8. But later my hair began to fall out, and my belly turned to water.
但到后来，我的头发开始脱落，腹部开始出现积水。
Lesson 6
Question A
∙ Who was the other mark twain the author found?
The other Mark Twain who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.
∙ How did his experience as a steamboat pilot influence his later writing?
His experience as a steamboat pilot immensely influenced him, so he adopted the pen name “Mark Twain” form the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling a navigable depth.
∙ What story did he write that made him known as “the wild humorist of the pacific slope”?
The story entitled “the celebrated jumping frog of Calaveras county”.
∙ What did Twain satirize in his book The Innocents Abroad? Why did the book become an instant best-seller?
He satirizes the Europe and the Holy land, arousing intense interest among the Americans.
∙ Why is the Adventures of tom sawyer as sure to be studied in American adventures of Huckleberry Finn often considered the best book according to Twain?
Because Tom Sawyer is a classic tale of American boyhood describing Tom’s mischievous darning, ingenuity, and sweet innocence of his affection. Because Huck Finn’s raft flight down the Mississippi with a runaway slave presents a moving panorama for the exploration of American society.
∙ What ingredient was missing in the American ambition according to Twain?
According to Twain, American people should stay away from all the crazy struggles for success at times and keep their edges sharp.
∙ What personal tragedies did Twain suffer? Why did he become bitter late in life?
Twain suffered the deaths of his beloved ones, and because of those painful sufferings he became bitter late in life.
∙ How was his disillusion shown in his autobiography?
He commented with a crushing sense of despair in men’s final release form earthly struggles.
∙ Why does the author call Mark Twain “a mirror of America”?
Because the great writer lived a colorful life, doing a great variety of jobs and traveling extensively. He met all kinds of people whom he later depicted in his work.
Paraphrase
∙ Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn’s idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer’s endless summer of freedom and adventure.
Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of the adventures of Tom Sawyer and the adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant of journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them, they are frozen in that age for all readers.
∙ The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied- a cosmos.
His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people. It is a world of all types of character.
∙ All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic.
all would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.
∙ Steamboat decks teemed not only with main current of pioneering humanity, but its floatsam of hustlers, gamblers and thugs as well.
Steamboat decks were filled with people who explored and prepared the way for others and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs.
∙ He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada’s Washoe region.
He took a hores-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada, following the flow of people in the gold rush.
∙ ..Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.
Mark Twain began to work hard as a newspaper reporter and humorist to become well known locally.
∙ “it was a splendid population- for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish brained sloths stayed at home…”
Those who came pioneering out west were energetic , courageous and recl;ess people, because those who stayed at home were the sole, dull and lazy people.
∙ “what a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges.”
If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for success occasionally and kept the daring and enterprising spirit, we would be able to remain strong and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers
∙ The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end.
At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positive view of man and the world.
翻译
∙ 这个人出生时名字是缪塞尔。兰霍恩。克莱门斯，后来才改为马克.吐温。他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间是游历全国各地，感受着美国的新生活，此后便以作家和演说家的身份将他所感受的一切与全世界分享。
∙ 所有这一切，连同他那如留声机般准确而又可靠的记忆所吸收的丰富多彩的语言信息，后来都在他的作品中得以再现。
∙ 蒸汽船的甲板上不仅挤满了富有开创精神的主流人群，也挤满了失业流浪者、娼妓、赌徒和恶棍等这样的社会残渣。
∙ 从他们所有人的身上，马克.吐温得以深刻地洞察人性，看到了人们的言与行之间的差距
∙ 对一个习惯于由西海岸地区引领流行趋势的现代世界来说，他对那些落脚于尚未开发的荒凉之地的人们的描写听上去并不陌生。
∙ 他不经意地揭穿了那些受人尊敬的艺术家和艺术珍品，甚至对圣地也用亵渎性的言辞予以抨击。
∙ 那个寡妇要按点吃饭，按点睡觉，按点起床-什么事情都那么井井有条，规规矩矩，简直让人受不了。
∙ 他和一个逃跑的奴隶一起乘坐木筏沿着密西西比河顺流而下的漂流旅程展现了一副美国社会的动态画面全景。
本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/2841852e710abb68a98271fe910ef12d2bf9a947.html
文档为doc格式