25. For each enzyme reaction there is an optimum temperature which maximum efficiency is
achieved.
答案:C 分析:which 所在从句作状语。应该把 temperature which 改为 temperature at which。 参考译文:对于每一个酶反应,都有一个最佳的温度使其最充分反应。
27. The people native to the northwest coast of North American have long be known for wood carvings of stunning beauty and extraordinary quality.
答案:B 分析:完成时态应用 have+been 形式,be known 应改为 been known 参考译文:北美西北海岸的土著居民以制造极美丽的、优品质的木质雕刻而著称。
29. The orbit of a celestial body is usually in the shape of ellipse.
答案:D 分析:可数名词单数形式前要加不定冠词.应在 ellipse 前加 an。
35. Lyndon B. Johnson was the only United States President who oath of office was administered by a woman Judge Sarah Tilghman Hughes.
答案:B
分析:who 后面有 oath of office,不能用 who。应该将 who 改为 whose。 参考译文:Lyndon B. Johnson 是唯一 一个其就职宣誓仪式被女法官 Sarah Tilghman Hughes 主持的 总统。
38.Rarely has a technological development had as great an impact on as much aspects of social, economic, and cultural development as the growth of electronics.
答案:B 分析:由 aspects 可知,much 应改为 many。另外,这道题本身句子结构比较复杂,但是我们做题的 时候,只要能够肯定 B 是正确答案,就不必用太多时间考虑句子结构。(注意 Rarely 等否定副词句首 应该用倒装的形式。) 参考译文:某种技术的发展,很少有能象电子学的发展那样,对社会,经济和文化发展等诸多方面有着 那么深远的的影响。
副词在句首，句子倒装
4. Stars shine because of _______ produced by the nuclear reactions taking place within them.
(A) the amount of light and heat is
(B) which the amount of light and heat
(C) the amount of light and heat that it is (
D) the amount of light and heat
答案:D 分析:because of 接名词或者是名词性短语,不能跟从句。because 后面才能接从句。 A 主谓结构 B 错误用法 C 前面是名词短语。而后面的 that it is 本身的结构错误,它类似但是不是定语从句,应改为 that is。 D 名词性短语 参考译文:星星发光是因为其内部发生的核反应而产生的光能和热量。
14.The Woolworth Building in New York was the highest in America when _______ in 1943 and was famous for its use of Gothic decorative detail.
(A) built (B) it built (C) was built (D) built it
答案:A 分析:when 引导时间状语从,完整的句子应为 when it was built,省略了 it was。 这里只能用 when it was built 或者 when built,所以只有 A 正确 参考译文:纽约的 Woolworth 大厦在 1943 年建成时在全美是最高的,并以哥特式装饰细节闻名于世。
24. Dolphins are sleek and powerful swimmers that found in all seas and unlike porpoises have well defined, beaklike snouts and conical teeth.
答案:B 分析:应该是被动式。 改正:that foundfound/that are found 参考译文:海豚是圆滑有力的水手,在所有的海域里都存在。和 porpoises 不同,它们有着轮廓分明的像 鸟一样的嘴和圆锥形的牙齿。
30. In 1989 Tillie Fowler a Republican, became the first member of her party to serving as president of the city council of Jacksonville, Florida.
答案:B 分析:动词不定式 to 后接动词原形 改正:servingserve。 参考译文:在 1989 年, 共和党人 Tillie Fowler 成为共和党第一个当选为佛罗里达州 Jacksonville 市长的 人。
32. After first establishment subsistence farms along the Atlantic seaboard, European settlers in North America developed a maritime and shipbuilding industry.
答案:A 分析:逗号前面的部分做状语,establishment 应为动词,其主语是 European settlers。 改正:establishment establishing
参考译文:当沿着大西洋沿岸的生活农场最初建立以后,在北美的欧洲移民发展了海洋造船业。
36.By 1850, immigration from distance shores, as well as migration from the countryside, had caused New York City’s population to swell.
答案:A 分析:名词和形容词的误用. 改正:distancedistant
参考译文:到了 1850 年,来自遥远海岸的和来自乡村的移民引起了纽约市的人口的膨胀。
37.By identifying similar words or structures in different languages, we find evidence that those languages are related and may be derived from same ancestor.
答案:D 分析:same 前面是要有定冠词 the。 改正:from samefrom the same
参考译文:通过鉴别不同语言里面的相似词组和结构,我们发现了一些证据,那就是这些语言是有关联 的而且它们可能是由同一个祖先演化而来。
38. Astronomers use photography and sighting telescopes to study the motions of all of the bright stars and many of the faint one.
答案:D 分析:many of 后接名词复数。 改正:one ones 参考译文:宇航员用摄影技术和瞄准镜去研究所有的明亮的星体很多模糊的星体。
8. For the advertiser, one of the greatest appeals of radio is ____ an audience all day long.
(A) that it has
(B) that to have
(C) to have it
(D) having it
答案:A 分析:句子主谓俱全,空格处为宾语. A that 引导宾语从句; B 错误用法; C 不定式结构,但多了一个 it; D 现在分词结构,多了 it 参考译文:对于登广告的人来说,广播一个最大的吸引力就是它有一个全天候的观众群。
11. In art, the tendency of gouache colors to lighten on drying makes ___ a wide range of pearly or paste-like effects.
(A) it is possible
(B) possible
(C) possible to be
(D) it possible the
答案:B 分析:这里是 make 的一种用法 make + sth + adj, 是"使某物怎么样"的意思.为了句子的平衡结构,这里将 sth 放在 adj 的后面。B 为正确答案。D 不对,当有 it 这个词的时候,只有以下两种用法:make it adj. to do sth 或者 make it adj. that......
参考译文:在艺术上,树胶水彩画的干燥着色的趋势使达到一系列的珍珠似的或者是蜡笔画似的效果成 为可能。
12. Isabel Bishop was one of many American artists ___ by the government during the Depression years on various federal art projects.
(A) employed
(B) whose employment
(C) to employ
(D) had been employed
答案:A 分析:句子主谓宾俱全。空格处为定语. A 过去分词做后置定语; B 类似于定语从句,但缺从句的谓语; C 若用不定式结构,应该是被动语态; D 会造成句子多一个谓语
参考译文:Isabel Bishop 是政府在大萧条时期雇佣的诸多工作于多种联邦艺术工程美国艺术家之一。
21. By 1830 the glass industry in the United States had become too well established that the country no longer needed to depend on imported glass.
答案:B 分析:so ...that 为固定用法。Too 改为 so。 改正:too → so 参考译文:到 1830 年,美国的玻璃产业是如此的成熟以至于它不再需要依赖于进口的玻璃了。
23. Coral formations have known as fringing reefs are located close to shore, separated from land only by shallow water.
答案:A 分析:A 应改为 known。整个句子的谓语是 are located, known as fringing reefs 是分词短语作定语。 改正:have known → known 参考译文:作为边缘礁石而被认知的珊瑚礁坐落于海边,仅仅通过浅水与大陆隔离。
24. For a seagoing, cargo-carrying sailing vessels, the clipper ship was remarkably fast.
答案:B 分析:名词的单复数误用。根据冠词 a 可知,vessels 应改为单数形式 vessel。 改正: vessels → vessel 参考译文:作为一艘远洋货船,快速帆船显然更快。
25. Visibly only through large telescopes, Pluto has a yellowish color, which indicates that there is very little atmosphere.
答案:A 分析:副词 visibly 应改为形容词 visible。 改正:visibly → visible 参考译文:只有用大型望远镜才能看见的冥王星是黄色的,这表明它几乎没有大气层。
34. Weighing among two to five kilograms in adults, the skin is the largest organ of the human body.
答案:B 分析:among 表示“三个或三个以上对象中”,而这里只有两个对象(分别是 two 和 five)。Among 应 改为 from。 改正:Among →from 参考译文:成人的皮肤大约重 2-5 公斤,它是人体最大的一个器官。
38. The sensation of sound is produced how vibrations transmitted through the air strike the eardrum.
答案:C 分析:根据句意,应将 how 改为 when。 改正:how → when 参考译文:当通过空气传播的振动冲击鼓膜时,人就听到声音了。
40. Considered one of the most beautiful of the fine art, ballet is a combination of dance and mime performed to music.
答案:B 分析:one of 接可数名词的复数形式。Art 应改为 arts。 改正: art → arts
2. The imagist movement in poetry arose during the second decade of the twentieth century ____against romanticism.
(A) when a revolt
(B) as a revolt
(C) a revolt was
(D) that a revolt
答案:B 分析:空格前是一完整句子,空格后没有谓语,因此选项里如果有连词就必然同时有谓语,排除 A, D。反之如果有谓语就需要有连词,所以 C 也不对。
参考译文:作为对浪漫主义的一种对力,在诗坛上意象派运动出现在二十世纪二十年代。
6. The first inhabitants of the territories ____Canada came across the Bering Strait and along the edge of the Arctic ice.
(A) make up that now (B) make up now that (C ) that make up now (D) that now make up
答案:D 分析:根据空格前有主语,空格后有动词判断,空格处应是个定语从句,A, B 不对,C now 副词应放 在谓语之前。 参考译文:在组成现在加拿大领土上的第一批居住者跨越白令海峡并沿着北极的边缘线到达。
10. Geometrically, the hyperbolic functions are related to the hyperbola, ____ the trigonometric functions are related to the circle.
(A) just as
(B) same
(c ) similar to
(D) and similar
答案:A 分析:空格前后都是完整句子,空格处需要一个连词连接两个句子,因此选 A。B same 是形容词,C similar to 是介词。 参考译文:从几何学角度来讲,双曲线的作用与双曲线相关,就像三角法的作用是与圆相关的一样。
11. ____, Kilauea is one of the world’s most active volcanoes, having erupted dozens of times since 1952.
(A) The big island of Hawaii’s location
(B) Locates the big island of Hawaii
(C ) Located on the big island of Hawaii
(D) On the big island of Hawaii’s location
答案:C 分析:空格后是一个完整的句子,因此空格处是一个从句; A,D 意思不通, B 有动词没有连词,错 C 是 Which is located on the big island of Hawaii 的定语从句,省略了 Which is 参考译文:位于夏威夷最大的岛屿上的 Kilauea 是世界上最活跃的火山之一,自从 1952 年起喷发了数 十次。
2. Not until the eighteenth century ____ the complex chemistry of metallurgy. (A) when scientists began to appreciate (B) did scientists begin to appreciate (C )scientists who were beginning to appreciate
(D) the appreciation of scientists began
答案:B 分析:这是个倒装句。Not until 提前,句子倒装。 参考译文:直到 18 世纪,科学家才开始认识到冶金学的复杂化学特性。
13. ____ 1810, water-powered textile manufacturing arrived in New Hampshire with the founding of a company in Manchester that manufactured cotton and wool.
(A) Early (B) In the early (C ) As early as (D) When early
答案:C 分析:空格处需要一个介词,因此 A D 不对; 在年的前面一般不加 the,习惯用法 in 1810,所以 B 不 对。 参考译文:早在 1810 年,随着制造棉花和毛料的一家公司在曼彻斯特的的建立,水力纺织制造业来到 新汉普郡。
14. The settings of Eudora Welty’s stories may be rather limited, but ____about human nature is quite broad.
(A) exposes
(B) exposes that
(C ) she exposes
(D) what she exposes
答案:D 分析:空格前后都有动词,且空格前有 but 连接两个句子,判断空格处应是第二句的主语,因此只有 what 引导的主语从句符合要求。 参考译文:Eudora Welty 的故事构思有些局限性,但她关于人类本性的表述却是相当广泛的。
22.Onyx is a mineral that can be recognized its regular and straight parallel bands of white, black, or brown.
答案:A 分析:A 中第一个单词与前面的句子形成一个完整的主句,its 与其后面的部分构成一个名词性质的短 语,要使这两部分连在一起形成正确的句子,显然在后面的名词短语前缺少介词。根据题意,应该加介 词 by,表示“经由...”“通过...”。
改正:recognized its → recognized by its 参考译文:缟玛瑙是一种矿石,可以通过它的规则的笔直而平行的白色、黑色或褐色的条带而辨识。
23.There are as many as 200 million insects for every human beings, and in fact their total number exceeds that of all other animals taken together.
答案:B 分析:在 every 之后要接名词单数,因此将 human beings 改为 human being. 改正:human beings → human being 参考译文:昆虫数量是人数量的 2 亿倍,事实上它们的总数超过了所有其他的动物数量之和。
24.Native to South America and cultivated there for thousands of years, the peanut is said to have introduced to North America by early explorers.
答案:D 分析:introduce 为名词 peanut 被动发出,因此要加 be 动词,而且前面有助动词 have,所以应使用其 过去分词 been。 改正:have introduced → have been introduced
参考译文:原产于南美并在那里种植了数千年的花生,据说是由早期的开拓者带到北美的。
26.Among the symptoms of measles, which takes about twelve days to incubate, are a high fever, swelling of glands in the neck, a cough, and sensitive to light.
答案:D 分析:among 放在句首后面的谓语与主语要倒装, are 后面的成分为句子主语,由题意 fever、swelling.. 等四项为并列成分,根据平行结构,最后一项应该也是名词,因此将形容词 sensitive 转换为其名词形 式 sensitivity。 改正:sensitive → sensitivity 参考译文:麻疹有 12 天的潜伏期,它的症状是高烧、颈腺肿胀、咳嗽以及对光敏感。
30.The sounds used in human languages to create meaning consist of small variation in air pressure can be sensed by the ear.
答案:C 分析:前半句为完整的句子,can 后成分应该为 air pressure 的定语,可判断此处少定语从句的引导 词,因此在 can 之前加上 which/that。 改正:pressure can → pressure which can 参考译文:用于产生意义的人类语言中的声音由可以被耳朵感觉到的微小的气压变化组成。
35.The nineteenth-century romantic movement in art was partially a reaction to what was perceived as overemphasis on reasonable and order in neoclassicism.
答案:D 分析:D 处由 and 连接与“order”组成并列成分,作为介词 on 的宾语,只有名词性质的词才可以做介 词宾语,因此 reasonable 应使用其名词形式。而且根据平行结构也可知,D 处与 order(n.秩序)应使用 相同的形式。 改正:reasonable → reason 参考译文:19 世纪艺术界的浪漫主义运动,在某种程度上是对认识到新古典主义中过分强调了理智和 秩序的反应。
37.Both the United States silver dollar and half-dollar, first minted in 1794, had a figure of Liberty on one side and a eagle on the reverse side.
答案:D 分析:eagle 发音以元音开头,前面不定冠词应用 an。 改正:a eagle → an eagle 参考译文:最初铸造于 1794 年,美国的一元银币和半元银币上都是在一面上有自由之像,并且另一面 是一只鹰。
38.For an advertisement to be effective, its production and placement must to be based on a knowledge of human nature and a skilled use of the media.
答案:C
分析:助动词 must 后面应该跟直接动词原形,而不用添加介词 to。
改正:to be based → be based 参考译文:为了使一个广告更加有效,它的制作和策划必须建立在对人类
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